Mobil Oil Corporation

Mobile Oil Corporation

Fritz A Smith

Samuel A Tabak

Amos A Avidan

Stephen J McGovern

Walter R Derr

Joseph R McClernon

Arthur W Chester

James H Haddad

Albert B Schwartz

Klaus W Schatz

Yung F Chu

Emmerson Bowes

Lloyd L Breckenridge

Lawrence E Gallagher

A lubricant dewaxing process which is useful with difficult feeds, especially highly waxy feeds having paraffin contents in excess of 25 weight percent of feeds with high nitrogen levels, employs two-step dewaxing in which the first stage is carried out under relatively mild conditions to obtain extended catalyst cycle life between successive reactivations with a constant temperature for the duration of each dewaxing cycle. The second stage dewaxing is carried out under conditions which maintain the target pour point for the product with a progressively increasing temperature during each dewaxing cycle. More than one preliminary dewaxing stage may be provided in order to reduce severity in each stage with mild conditions and constant temperature being maintained in the preliminary steps. Using this process, extended catalyst cycle lives may be obtained with difficult feeds.

Catalytic dewaxing process

A lubricant dewaxing process which is useful with difficult feeds, especially highly waxy feeds having paraffin contents in excess of 25 weight percent or feeds with high nitrogen levels, employs two-step dewaxing in which the first stage is carried out under relatively mild conditions using a binder-free zeolite dewaxing catalyst to obtain extended catalyst cycle life between successive reactivations with a constant temperature for the duration of each dewaxing cycle. The second stage dewaxing is also carried out with a binder-free catalyst under conditions which maintain the target pour point for the product with a progressively increasing temperature during each dewaxing cycle. More than one preliminary dewaxing stage may be provided in order to reduce severity in each stage with mild conditions and constant temperature being maintained in the preliminary steps. Using this process, extended catalyst cycle lives may be obtained with difficult feeds.

Catalytic dewaxing process using binder-free zeolite

An improved fluidized bed process for upgrading olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock by contacting the feedstock with acidic siliceous zeolite conversion catalyst particles at elevated temperature under exothermic conditions to produce heavier hydrocarbons including gasoline range hydrocarbons. The improvement comprises maintaining a turbulent fluidized bed of catalyst particles by flowing hydrocarbon-containing vapor upwardly through said bed at less than transport velocity; and introducing liquid olefinic feedstock comprising at least one C.sub.4 -C.sub.6 diene component into the fluidized catalyst bed in a lower portion thereof by rapidly atomizing and vaporizing the liquid feedstock, thus converting feedstock to heavier hydrocarbon without substantial thermal diene degradation thereof prior to contacting conversion catalyst particles in the fluidized bed. A predominantly liquid product is recovered containing C.sub.4 -C.sub.9 hydrocarbons rich in olefins and aromatics.

Fluidized bed process for upgrading diene-containing light olefins

An improved fluidized bed process for upgrading olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock by contacting the feedstock with acidic siliceous zeolite conversion catalyst particles at elevated temperature under exothermic conditions to produce heavier hydrocarbons including gasoline range hydrocarbons. The improvement comprises maintaining a turbulent fluidized bed of catalyst particles by flowing hydrocarbon-containing vapor upwardly through said bed at less than transport velocity; and introducing liquid olefinic feedstock comprising at least one C.sub.4 -C.sub.6 diene component into the fluidized catalyst bed in a lower portion thereof by rapidly atomizing and vaporizing the liquid feedstock, thus converting feedstock to heavier hydrocarbon without substantial thermal diene degradation thereof prior to contacting conversion catalyst particles in the fluidized bed. Reaction severity conditions may be maintained by controlling catalyst acidity, reaction temperature and reactant contact time to produce reaction efluent containing propane and propene in the ratio of about 0.2:1 to 200:1. A predominantly liquid product is recovered containing C.sub.4 -C.sub.9 hydrocarbons rich in olefins and aromatics.

Upgrading diene-containing light olefins in a fluidized bed reactor

A technique for continuous conversion of diene-containing aliphatic hydrocarbon feedstock to heavier hydrocarbon products wherein the feedstock is contacted at elevated temperature under endothermic high severity reaction conditions with a fluidized bed of acidic zeolite fine catalyst particles, comprising methods and means for:

Conversion of diene-containing light olefins to aromatic hydrocarbons

A fixed bed catalytic reactor having a porous bed of catalyst particles contained in a closed reactor shell, comprising inlet means for introducing a downwardly flowing mixed stream of gas and liquid reactants; phase separator means for receiving said mixed stream and directing liquid onto the porous catalyst bed, said separator means being disposed within the reactor shell between said inlet means and said porous catalytic bed; said separator means comprising an upper foraminous wall having a series of gas outlets permitting a substantially-gaseous phase to escape outwardly from the separator means into an upper reactor portion, and lower liquid distribution means for receiving a stream of substantially liquid phase and dividing said liquid phase into a plurality of spaced-apart liquid streams directed toward the porous catalyst bed; and means for recovering gaseous and liquid reaction products from the reactor shell. The phase separator-distributor is particularly useful for retrofitting a reactor to accommodate mixed flow without requiring welding internal structures onto the reactor shell. In a petrochemical complex, such separation and distribution system is advantageous in converting a reactor system for hydrotreating of a hydrocarbon distillate, such as dewaxing.

Catalytic reactor system

A fixed bed catalytic reactor having a porous bed of catalyst particles contained in a closed reactor shell, comprising

Multiphase catalytic process with improved liquid distribution

A process for converting olefinic feedstock, such as synthol olefinic liquid product of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, to distillate hydrocarbons comprising the steps of contacting the feedstock at elevated temperature and pressure with acid zeolite conversion catalyst to oligomerize olefins and convert oxygenated hydrocarbons contained in said light oil at temperatures up to 325.degree. C. and in the presence of H.sub.2, thereby providing an effluent containing heavy distillate range hydrocarbon, light gas and byproduct water.

Upgrading Fischer-Tropsch olefins

Isomerization of xylene in admixture with ethylbenzene by contact with a zeolite catalyst such as ZSM-5 is improved by use of a zeolite having a catalyst particle size of at least 1 micron and having incorporated thereon two metals such as platinum and magnesium.

Catalyst for xylene isomerization

Regeneration of an aromatics processing catalyst is effected in the absence of a gas cooler and a gas-liquid separator with a continuous loop flow of an oxidizing gas stream by removing a portion of said continuous closed loop flow and introducing therein a quantity of a low moisture content molecular oxygen containing gas effective to maintain a molecular oxygen content no greater than 1.0 mole percent and a water partial pressure no greater than about 1.0 psi.

Regeneration of aromatics processing catalysts

An improved method for hydrodewaxing a petroleum or shale oil fraction, e.g. petroleum distillate, in a reactor is provided which involves contacting said fraction with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst comprising a crystalline zeolite having a silica to alumina mole ratio of at least 12 under hydrodewaxing conditions wherein the average reactor temperature at start-up of from about 200.degree. C. to 310.degree. C. is increased uniformly to at least 360.degree. C. within about seven days from start-up.

Hydrodewaxing

A hydrocarbon feed for use in a catalytic conversion process that utilizes a zeolite catalyst, and that contains a catalytically deleterious impurity, is refined by contact with a zeolitic sorbent. The invention is applicable to dewaxing, with an example illustrating reduction by 100.degree. F. of the initial equilibrium (lineout) temperature by the method of this invention. Other reactions include conversions of aromatic hydrocarbons such as alkylation, isomerization and disproportionation.

Method for enhancing catalytic activity

A waxy fuel oil that contains a catalytically deleterious contaminant is treated with a crystalline zeolite under sorption conditions followed by catalytic dewaxing with a crystalline zeolite exemplified by ZSM-5 to produce dewaxed fuel oil and high octane gasoline.

An improved process is provided for catalytic isomerization of monocyclic methyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon compounds of from 8 to 10 carbon atoms contained in a feedstock also containing ethylbenzene in a reaction zone maintained under conditions such that said isomerization is accomplished in the vapor phase. The catalyst for the process contains zeolite characterized by a constraint index, hereinafter defined, within the approximate range of 1 to 12. The improvement in the process comprises contacting the catalyst, in situ, with one or more basic nitrogen compounds or precursors thereof.

Isomerization process

A CHD reactor is modified to include a feed nozzle arrangement which hydrogen-saturates the charged liquid before distribution across the fixed catalyst bed by a pair of gas/liquid distributor trays. Product is recovered from the catalyst bed through an apparatus arrangement comprising Glitsch grid to maintain low pressure drop in the system.

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Rye, NY, United States of America

Fritz A Smith