Robert Boschgmbh

Max-planck-gesellschaft Zur F&#xf6;rderung Der Wissenschaften E. V.

502 Robert Bosch Gmbh

Friedrich J Esper

Karl-Hermann Friese

Walter Gohl

Hans-Martin Wiedenmann

Heinz Geier

Thomas Frey

Gerhard Holfelder

Robert Zeller

Ernst Linder

Franz Rieger

Klaus D Muller

Helmut Maurer

Hermann Dietz

Gerhard Schneider

Gunter Petzow

Harald Reber

Peter Scharner

Waldemar Draxler

Hermann Fischer

Karl H Friese

Gunther Knoll

Andreas Buchel

Klaus-Dieter Durst

Ernst-Theo Henig

Helmut Kronmuller

Hermann Ziener

Peter Sternad

Gottfried Meudt

Karin Bethge

Sinter magnet based on Fe-Nd-B

Device for cleaning of gases

In order to obviate the necessity for design compromise of spark plugs with respect to their operating temperature, so that the ceramic insulator (18) of the spark plug will rapidly reach the temperature at which deposits thereon will inherently burn off (about 400.degree. C.-450.degree. C.) while not becoming so hot as to cause spurious glow ignition within the combustion chamber of an internal combustion (IC) engine, the end portion of the insulator is formed with a central opening (19/3) within which a metal core (24) is included which has a temperature coefficient of expansion such that, at temperatures below between 400.degree. C.-450.degree. C. it is spaced by a narrow gap (25) from the inner surface of the insulator (see FIG. 1) but, as the spark plug becomes hot, the gap 25 closes (FIG. 2), thereby providing good heat transmission from the insulator to the center electrode structure (21, 23, 24) and thereby maintaining the insulator at a temperature below that at which it might glow. Suitable materials for the center electrode are aluminum bronze, or other materials having a heat transmission characteristic of at least 90 W/mK. The insulator, preferably, has a higher-than-usual flux content so that, at low temperatures, its heat transmission characteristics are poor, to insure rapid heating to free combustion temperature of possible deposits.

Rapid-heating, high-temperature-stable spark plug for internal

The load P on an artificial hip joint produces a bending moment on the endoprosthesis shaft composed of a shaft proper (1), a collar (2) fitting the resection plane and a cone (3) for carrying the femur ball (14). The extra load B thereby provided on the medial side of the femur is relieved by providing means for resisting the tension force A of the bending moment by providing the shaft with cavities (11) separated by ribs (12) as well as by a median longitudinal rib (broken lines).The bone grows into the cavities thus securing the area against the tension effects. Additional cavities (9) and wedge-shaped nubs (7) and (5) similarly oppose forces A and/or B. Hollows (10) on the underside of the collar (2), as well as the cavities (11) and (9), also oppose twisting forces.

Endoprosthesis shaft

High strength ductile sintered iron alloy composition containing silicon and phosphorus with a total alloy content below 4% having a yield point above 400 N/mm.sup.2 and an impact strength of more than 40 J/cm.sup.2. The alloys contain between about 0.5 and 3% by weight silicon, and between about 0.2 and 0.7% phosphorus, with the balance being iron. These alloy compositions are made by sintering iron, iron-silicon and iron-phosphorus powders at temperatures between about 1050.degree. and 1200.degree. C.

High strength sintered alloy

To simplify manufacture and assembly of a temperature-compensated titanium dioxide oxygen sensor, the sensor (9, 9') is applied as a layer on the thermistor body (1), with an electrode (8) interposed; preferably, the thermistor body is densely sintered titanium dioxide, in the form of a closed tube (1, 1') which may have a central opening (FIG. 1: 2) therethrough, with the sensor body being porous titanium dioxide and located either on the inside (FIG. 1) surface of the thermistor body (1) or on the outside (FIG. 2) surface, and supported by the thermistor body, which forms the substrate and support surface for the sensor body.

Temperature-compensated, oxygen-content gas sensor

An electromagnetic transducer which generates signals on the basis of the Barkhausen effect under periodically alternating externally applied magnetic switching fields. Prior to use, the magnetic sensor element, for example a ferromagnetic wire, is pre-magnetized by undergoing a program which subjects the wire to a coercive applied field substantially higher than the alternating interrogation field. The coercive field places different zones of the wire into magnetic saturation with varying relative polarity, thereby creating two or more zones of different magnetization. When subjected to the alternating, low intensity interrogation field, sensor coils detect a high level, bipolar output signal.

Magnetic transducer

To decrease the preheat time and power requirements in preheater-type glow plugs for Diesel engines, a closed ceramic tube (20), for example of aluminum oxide and of about 5 mm diameter has, on the bottom (21) thereof applied a layer or film-like heater element (24, 24'), for example in an undulating or zig-zag configuration (FIG. 2) or in form of a constriction or pinch (FIG. 4: 24') to provide a concentrated point or strip source of heat. The heater layer itself is protected by a protective coating (25) and, to provide for the required heat distribution, the underlying bottom (21, 21') of the tube (20, 20') supports an insulating intermediate layer and possibly a heat conductive layer is intermediate. Preheat times in the order of 1-2 seconds, with lower current consumption than prior wound-wire plugs can be obtained.

Glow plug, particularly for diesel engine

A medical prostheses suitable for implant use comprising a cured fiber reinforced triazine resin shaped body. The fiber reinforcement is preferably a fabric formed from two dimensionally oriented fibers. The preferred fibers are high strength carbon fibers. The prosthesis is particularly useful for the fabrication of joints, for example hip joints, as well as for support and connecting elements suitable for implantation.

Prosthetic device

To permit efficient heat transfer from a carrier tube (22) surrounding a tubular solid electrolyte body (11') having outer and inner electrodes (14, 18) applied thereto, the tubular heater element carrier body (22) supports a wire or resistance track heating element (25) at the inner surface thereof, the heater element (25) being spaced from the outer surface of the solid electrolyte tube (11') forming part of the sensor element (11) by a distance at the most of 1 mm, preferably less than 0.5 mm, the wall thickness of the heater element carrier tube (22) preferably being between 0.3 and 0.8 mm thick, the carrier tube being made of ceramic, such as aluminum oxide, or internally insulated metal.

Heated gas composition sensor structure

To permit a layer construction, which is inexpensive and lends itself to mass production manufacture, a solid electrolyte body, in plate-like construction, with electrodes at either thereof is positioned in a housing with a portion thereof extending in the region where it is exposed to gases to be sensed; a porous cover is applied on one of the electrodes, the porous cover having a predetermined diffusion resistance to oxygen molecules. A flat insulating plate of approximately the same dimension as the solid electrolyte plate is positioned flat thereagainst, and a flat layer-like electrical heating element is secured on the flat insulating plate or, in other embodiments, against another insulating covering on the other side of the heating element as well, close to the electrodes and adjacent the plane surfaces of the body. The heating element and the electrodes of the sensing element are carried out as conductive tracks for connection to respective sources of operating or biassing potential and, with respect to the sensing electrodes, to an evaluation circuit.

Electrochemical oxygen sensor, particularly for use with exhaust gases

To permit use of less expensive iron powder material and manufacture of more complex shapes, a mixture of iron powder, of an approximate grain size of between 30 to 450 .mu.m, and containing preferably 5 to 50% of carbonyl iron powder or from 5 to 50%, by weight, of soft ferrite powder of a grain size of from 10 to 200 .mu.m, and a thermosetting resin, in which the thermosetting resin is about 50% by volume of the overall mixture, is filled into a die. Pressure is built up in the die, which is heated, permitting excess binder to escape during the build-up phase thereof, the pressure then being held so that the resin can set in the heated die. The pressures needed are substantially less than heretofore required, in the order of from between 500 to 5000 bar.

Method to manufacture soft magnetic pressed bodies

A bone replacement, for example a portion of a hip joint, a bone junction plate, or the like, includes a core element of a fiber-reinforced thermosetting material with a surface element made of a biologically compatible material, typically polyethylene, completely surrounding the core element. The outside surface element is internally interlocked with the core element, by being molded in one heat treatment operation which simultaneously cures the thermosetting material while molding the outside biologically compatible surface element thereto and interlocking and integrating the two elements into one unitary structure. Preferably, the fiber reinforcement is formed as fibers, woven mats, felted mats, or the like, and the surface element may, likewise, include a reinforcement beneath the surface actually in contact with the human body.

Method of making a medical prosthesis

Oxygen sensors having a fine-grained stabilized cubic zirconium dioxide electrolyte contact respective electrodes. The zirconium dioxide contains between 15% and 50% by volume of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 in a crystalline state and has good mechanical and thermal properties. The oxygen sensor may have a composite zirconium dioxide solid electrolyte element. The invention also includes a wider range of related Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 - containing stabilized cubic zirconium dioxides containing between about 8% and 85% by volume Al.sub.2 O.sub.3. The invention further provides methods of manufacturing such Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 - containing zirconium dioxide and for manufacturing oxygen sensors.

Solid electrolyte oxygen sensors

Stabilized zirconium dioxide compositions sintered with a silicate flux and stabilized with (i) calcium oxide and (ii) magnesium oxide. The stabilized zirconium dioxide can be sintered at temperatures between 1460.degree. C. and 1480.degree. C. to form solids having high mechanical strength and a specific resistance of 1M.OMEGA.cm at a low temperature. The invention also provides oxygen sensors containing at least one measuring cell which is an oxygen concentration cell having two electrodes separated by and in ionic communication through a solid stabilized zirconium dioxide electrolyte which is prepared from the said compositions.

Growing community of inventors

Leonberg, Germany

Friedrich J Esper