Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.v.

Franz Wenninger

Dietrich Dumler

Christoph Kutter

Wolfgang Gerner

Harald Gossner

Embodiments of the invention provide an image sensor image sensor including an image sensor structure. The image sensor structure includes a multitude of image elements arranged in a grid-shaped manner in a first direction and in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction. An image element of the multitude of image elements includes a plurality of filter elements spatially arranged side by side. The plurality of filter elements includes at least one color filter and at least one additional filter from a filter group. The filter group includes a first absorption filter with a first optical bandwidth, a second absorption filter with a second optical bandwidth different from the first optical bandwidth, a first polarization filter with a first polarization characteristic, a second polarization filter with a second polarization characteristic different from the first polarization characteristic, and a filter element without absorption effect or polarization effect.

Image sensor, method for operating an image sensor, method for manufacturing an image sensor, and stationary device or vehicle or drone having an image sensor

Embodiments of the invention provide an apparatus for detecting a state of a road surface. The apparatus includes an input interface, an image divider, a parameter calculator, and a classifier. The input interface is configured to obtain recording information of the road surface, such as a camera recording. The image divider is configured to divide the recording information into a plurality of windows, wherein each window includes a plurality of image elements, and wherein each image element includes at least two different pieces of information, such as a spectral absorption of the road surface and/or a polarization of the reflected light. The parameter calculator is configured to calculate at least two parameters per window by using the at least two different pieces of information of each image element in the window. The classifier is configured to classify the window on the basis of a tuple of the at least two parameters of the window, and to detect, on the basis of the tuple of the at least two parameters of the window, as input values a state of the window and to output the state of the window as an output value.

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Munich, Germany

Franz Wenninger