Siemens Aktiengesellschaft

Siemens Energy Global Gmbh & Co. Kg

Dipl. Ing. Ernst Schmitz Gmbh & Co. Kg Maschinen Und Apparatebau

Clariant International Ltd

Siemens Aktiengesell Schaft

Siemens Fuel Gasification Technology Gmbh & Co. Kg

Dipl. Ing. Ernst Schmitz Gmbh & Co. Kg Maschinen and Apparatebau

Frank Hannemann

Manfred Schingnitz

Ulrich Schiffers

Tino Just

Sebastian Rahm

Gerhard Zimmermann

Norbert Fischer

Berthold Köstlin

Marcus Weder

Andreas J Heilos

Friedemann Mehlhose

Jörg Werner

Horst Hoppe

Yeping Cai

Michael Huth

Dietmar Degenkolb

Justin X Wang

William M Faris

Christian Reuther

Heidrun Toth

Ling Xu

Rainer Nies

Günter Tietze

Guido Schuld

Doris Klostermann

Claus Grewe

Robert Marx

Thomas Fleischer

Stefan Schmied

Andreas Volkmann

Mirko Putz

Peter Taffelt

Thomas Metz

Joachim Lamp

André Herklotz

Darek Schmauch

Christian Görsch

Ralph Schumann

Martin Pfund

Guenter Tietze

Andreas Heilos

Berthold Koestlin

Stephen Schulte

A power-to-X system for the utilization of off-gases, includes an electrolyzer for generating hydrogen H2 and oxygen O2, a unit, connected to the electrolyzer, for processing the hydrogen H2, for removing any remaining water H2O and oxygen O2 from the generated stream of hydrogen H2, a compressor, connected to the unit for processing the hydrogen H2, for compressing the hydrogen H2, and a chemical reactor, connected to the compressor, for producing a synthesis gas consisting of hydrogen H2 and carbon dioxide CO2 that can be added. An oxy-fuel combustion system to which non-condensable off-gases from the chemical reactor and oxygen O2 from the electrolyzer can be supplied, and carbon dioxide CO2 generated during the combustion of the off-gases in the oxy-fuel combustion system can be returned to the stream of hydrogen H2 downstream of the electrolyzer via a return line.

Apparatus and method for utilizing off-gases from a power-to-X system

A power-to-X system having an electrolyzer and an energy converter which are connected together via a hydrogen line. The system additionally has a chemical reactor for catalytically removing oxygen, a first heat exchanger, a water separator, a store, and a humidifier which are connected into the hydrogen line in the stated order one behind the other between the electrolyzer and the energy converter. A second heat exchanger is arranged in the hydrogen line such that a first side of the second heat exchanger is arranged in front of the first heat exchanger and a second side of the second heat exchanger is arranged downstream of the water separator in the hydrogen line.

Power-to-X system with an optimized hydrogen drying and purifying process

A method produces a porous, arched aluminum fluidization element for a diaphragm pump for fluidizing, covering and delivering pulverized products, such as pulverized coal, using inert gas at pressures of up to 7 MPa. The fluidization element ensures that fluidizing gas is supplied and homogeneously distributed in the pump lower region, and the contour of the space for pulverized materials may be advantageously designed in the diaphragm deflection area and optionally adapted to the diaphragm guide rod. In this way, a homogeneous and reversible deformation of the diaphragm is obtained with minor wear as far as possible. At the end of the delivery process of the diaphragm pump, the diaphragm is applied to the arched, half-shell-shaped fluidization surface in an extensively flat manner, and a small dead volume can be obtained, which results in minimal space for pulverized materials with a high delivery rate and little high-pressure gas loss.

Production of a porous aluminum filter for a diaphragm pump

A method for preparing a carbonaceous product includes providing oxygen, in particular from electrolysis, and providing a fuel. The method also includes combusting the fuel with the oxygen by an oxy-fuel combustion process in order to provide energy, purifying a flue gas produced by the oxy-fuel combustion process, and separating carbon dioxide from the flue gas produced by the oxy-fuel combustion process, wherein energy provided by the oxy-fuel combustion process includes, in particular exclusively, heat which is used as process heat for purifying and/or for synthesising or providing the carbonaceous product. A corresponding system is designed to carry out the described method.

Providing carbon dioxide by means of oxygen-based combustion

A diaphragm pump for fluidizing, pressurizing, and conveying products in the form of dust, such as coal dust, using inert gas having pressures of up to 7 MPa has a porous, arched aluminum loosening element and optionally a dual diaphragm. The diaphragm pump ensures that fluidizing gas is supplied and distributed uniformly in the dust pump lower region, and the contour of the dust chamber may be adapted to the deflection of the diaphragm and possibly to the guide rod of the diaphragm. Uniform and reversible deformation of the diaphragm with as little wear as possible is thereby achieved. After the discharge operation of the diaphragm pump has ended, largely planar contact of the diaphragm on the arched, half-shell-shaped loosening surface and a small dead volume can be achieved, leading to a minimal dust chamber volume together with a high delivery rate and a small high-pressure gas loss.

Diaphragm pump having a porous, arched aluminum filter

A diaphragm pump for pneumatic high-pressure delivery of 1 to 10 MPa of fluidised dusts, in which filling occurs from below via pneumatic suction by hydraulic reciprocating movement of the diaphragm and also by applying a negative pressure. The dust is held in a loosened fluidised state over the entire pump operation, wherein the high-pressure gas requirement is low. A drive of the diaphragm pump by a hydraulic pressure intensifier and multiple diaphragm pumps are operated in a phase-displaced manner with respect to each other. A dust delivery system which uses the diaphragm pump is operated with a low drive power.

Diaphragm pump comprising dust suction from below

A double membrane for a diaphragm pump for fluidizing, covering and conveying dusty products, such as, for example, pulverized coal, with the aid of an inert gas at pressures of up to 7 MPa, the diaphragm pump having a porous, curved loosening element made from aluminum, monitors and ensures the membrane tightness by designing the double membrane with an integrated pressure sensor for monitoring leakages. A hermetically tight separation between the hydraulic chamber and dust chamber of the diaphragm pump can therefore be ensured and damage to the membrane can be promptly identified. Complicated repair and cleaning measures of the entire dust system or hydraulic system in the event of membrane damage are prevented and the tightness of the membrane is maintained during the incident. Particular refinements relate to the composition of the individual membranes and the interaction thereof.

Double membrane for a dust pump

A quenching chamber of an entrained-flow gasifier that gasifies fuels at temperatures of up to 1,800&#xb0; C. and pressures of up to 10 MPa, wherein an annular chamber through which cooling water flows is formed between the pressure-bearing tank and the inner jacket. The overflow water is discharged from the annular chamber (skirt water) into the quenching chamber via the sleeve of a quenching lance, wherein blocking by the spray cone of the spray nozzle is prevented. The cooling water from the annular chamber is used in addition to the quenching water from the spray nozzle to cool and clean the raw gas in the quenching chamber.

Blockage-free water overflow from the water jacket of a quencher into the quenching chamber

An annular gas feed element for use in gasification plants with a dry fuel supply. A gas feed ring element for tensioning and fluidizing gas/solid suspensions, in which gas feed ring element there is a housing ring which has a circumferential recess on its inner side, a support ring with a multiplicity of openings, filter material fitted between the support ring and the internal diameter of the housing ring, where the recess and the filter material delimit a distributor chamber, and a gas feed arranged from outside into the distributor chamber. The flangeless gas feed ring element makes rapid tensioning possible and secondly improves the fluidizing behavior and therefore the flow behavior.

Annular gas feed element for use in gasification plants with a dry fuel supply

A system for fluidizing and conveying a powdery product is provided. The system includes plurality of powder-locking and metering vessels, the vessels each having a conveying line for the powdery product and a control mechanism for the mass flow of the powdery product. The conveying lines are brought together to form a common conveying line and are supplied to a remover of the powdery product. The powder-locking and metering vessels are alternatively fed with the powdery product and tensioned with the fluidizing gas under operating pressure. The control mechanisms of the powder-locking and metering vessels are activated in such a manner that the mass flow sum of powdery product in the conveying lines is identical to the desired value for the mass flow of powdery product to the remover of the powdery product.

Combination of pressure charging and metering for continuously supplying pulverized fuel into an entrained-flow gasifying reactor with long conveying distances

A pressure filtration system for cleaning residual quenching water of a gasifying device that gasifies carbon-containing fuels under elevated pressure is provided. The soot water from the quencher is passed to a filter system, which has pressure filter chambers operating alternately in filtering mode under gasifying pressure or in cleaning mode. The filtrate from these chambers is passed to a quenching water reservoir, from which the quencher is fed with quenching water. Only small temperature and pressure losses with respect to the residual quenching water leaving, and only a small additional amount of energy has to be expended to overcome the remaining pressure difference to bring the filtrate that is to be returned back to the gasifying pressure. The residual quenching water is cleaned substantially under gasifying pressure in a pressure filter, avoids flash evaporation of the residual quenching water into the vacuum area, with vapour cooling and a subsequent increase in pressure and reheating.

Soot water cleaning by means of continuous pressure filtration

An apparatus for a three-stage cooling and scrubbing system for the treatment of hot crude gases and liquid slag downstream of an entrained flow gasification. Crude gas and slag are firstly cooled and prescrubbed in a first stage by injection of water from ring and/or wall nozzles into a free quench space. Crude gas and slag are then fed together with excess water into a waterbath as a second stage before intensive spraying is once again carried out as a third cooling and scrubbing stage in an annular space.

Cooling and scrubbing of a crude gas from entrained flow gasification

A three-stage quenching and scrubbing system for treatment of hot crude gases and liquid slag after an entrained flow gasification. In the first primary stage, cooling and scrubbing water is injected such that slag can no longer adhere to the wall of the central tube and the conversion reaction of the carbon monoxide with water vapor to give hydrogen can proceed to close to the equilibrium. A secondary quenching and scrubbing stage takes the form of a bubble column, and further cooling and the deposition of coarse dust and slag are effected in a water bath. The rest of the treatment is through intensive spraying in a tertiary quenching and scrubbing the gas stage, nozzle rings for deposition of fine slag and partly of fine dust. All three quenching and scrubbing stages enable cooling of the crude gas down to the water vapor dew point determined by the plant pressure.

Combined quenching and scrubbing system with guide tube for an entrained flow gasifying reactor

Devices for a three-stage scrubbing system for treatment of hot crude gases and liquid slag by an entrained flow gasification. Crude gas and slag are conducted downward into a water bath in a central tube. The upper part of the central tube consists of a double-threaded tube screen welded in a gas-tight manner, in which water is injected directly as the first scrubbing and cooling stage in the interior thereof. In the water bath, a bubble column is formed, which simultaneously constitutes the second scrubbing and cooling stage. Surface bodies arranged in three layers increase the scrubbing effect. After leaving the bubble column, the crude gas is again sprayed with water in a cavity, wherein one or more nozzle rings are disposed. This forms the third scrubbing stage. The crude gas then leaves the quenching and scrubbing apparatus in steam-saturated form at 200-220&#xb0; C. and is sent to further treatment.

Divided central tube of a combined quenching and scrubbing system for an entrained flow gasification reactor

A multistage gas washing system is applied for dust separation from crude gases of entrained flow gasification of pulverized fuels under pressures up to 10 MPa and temperatures which are greater than the melting point of the fuel ash. A first stage comprises a modified quenching system and a downstream washing column, which operates as a bubble column. A second washing stage comprises one or more Venturi washers connected in series. A third washing stage comprises multiple high-pressure atomization units of washing water, a partial condenser for cooling the crude gas by 1 to 15&#xb0; C. with condensate formation, and a separation column, which is equipped with washing surfaces and a plastic-coated demister.

Dust separation from the crude gas of an entrained flow gasifier

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Freiberg, Germany

Frank Hannemann