Energy, Mines & Resources - Canada

Natural Resources Canada

Franco Berruti

Leo A Behie

Bruce J Milne

Bent B Nielsen

A fenestrated centrifugal terminator is described for use in an internally circulating fluid bed reactor or conventional riser reactor. It includes a tubular member having a straight vertical tubular portion the lower end of which is adapted for attachment to the upper end of a riser tube. The upper end of the vertical tubular portion merges into a substantially semi-circular inverted U-shaped tubular loop and terminating in a downwardly directing opening. A ramp portion of shallow angle is provided in the vertical tubular portion adjacent the inner face of the loop and terminating at the inlet to the loop to thereby create a venturi. Commencing at the end of the ramp portion is a semi-circular divider wall dividing the tubular loop into a larger upper flow channel and a smaller lower flow channel. This divider wall has a plurality of longitudinally spaced lateral slots through which the gas being separated from the solids is discharged. This gas is collected in a chamber beneath the semi-circular divider wall and then discharges through a discharge outlet connected to the lower flow channel. This terminator is capable of separating solids from gas in less than 20 milliseconds with a separation efficiency of at least 99.5%.

Riser terminator for internally circulating fluid bed reactor

A process is described for ultrapyrolytic upgrading of a heavy hydrocarbon oil feedstock by contacting the feedstock in a confined riser vertical column with finely divided inert solid particles under ultrapyrolysis conditions, the riser forms part of an internally circulating aerated bed reactor with the bottom end of the riser being directly connected to an inlet nozzle feeding the heavy hydrocarbon oil feedstock and the upper end of the riser extending above an annular aerated bed of the finely divided solid particles surrounding the riser. The riser also includes a plurality of orifices in a lower region thereof flow connected to a lower region of the aerated bed for controlled delivery of the particles from the aerated bed into the riser. The novel feature comprises continuously feeding an atomized stream of the heavy hydrocarbon oil feedstock upwardly through the inlet nozzle into the riser, continuously feeding finely divided solid heat carrier particles from the annular aerated bed into the riser through the orifices, contacting the particles and atomized feed within the riser under ultrapyrolysis conditions, continuously maintaining a level of particles in the aerated bed such that there is a net positive pressure difference between the aerated bed and the riser at the level of the orifices whereby riser gases are prevented from escaping into the annular bed, continuously removing particles and product gas from the upper end of the riser, continuously recycling the removed particles into the aerated bed and continuously withdrawing product gas from the system.

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Calgary, Canada

Franco Berruti