Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.

E.i. Dupont De Nemours and Company

University of Connecticut

Francis Joseph Waller

Dorai Ramprasad

Andrew Francis Nordquist

Martin H Butt

Lloyd Mahlon Robeson

William Franklin Burgoyne, Jr

Steffen Zahn

Gauri Sankar Lal

Kristen Elaine Minnich

Patrick M Burke

Reinaldo Mario Machado

Frederick Carl Wilhelm

William Eamon Carroll

Norman Herron

William F Burgoyne, Jr

Stephan James McLain

Gregory Allen Sotzing

Edward Landis Weist, Jr

Edward N Squire

Chung-Ling Mao

Gene Everad Parris

Robert Quinn

Kenneth Merle Kem

John B Dickenson

Xuezhong Jiang

William A Nugent, Jr

David W Studer

Roy Daniel Bastian

John B Appleby

David Christopher Braddock

Stephen Charles Webb

Petrus J Tijm

Dennis M Brown

Anthony Gerard Barrett

David William Studer

Partially and fully fluorinated alkyl substituted thienothiophene monomers (and polymers thereof) wherein the monomers are represented by the formula: wherein 

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Compositions are provided comprising aqueous dispersions of polythienothiophenes and colloid-forming polymeric acids. Films from invention compositions are useful as hole injection layers in organic electronic devices, including electroluminescent devices, such as, for example, organic light emitting diodes (OLED) displays, as hole extraction layers in organic optoelectronic devices, such as organic photovoltaic devices, and in combination with metal nanowires or carbon nanotubes in applications such as drain, source, or gate electrodes in thin film field effect transistor.

Aqueous dispersions of polythienothiophenes with fluorinated ion exchange polymers as dopants

Partially and fully fluorinated alkyl substituted thienothiophene monomers (and polymers thereof) wherein the monomers are represented by the formula: wherein CH&#x2550;CHR&#x2033;, &#x2014;OR&#x2033;, &#x2014;COOR&#x2033;, &#x2014;S&#x2014;COR&#x2033;, &#x2014;B(OR&#x2033;), &#x2014;COR&#x2033;, &#x2014;C&#x2261;CH, and a polymerizable cyclic pi-conjugated carbon-ring structure optionally comprising S, N or O heteroatoms;

Fluorinated alkyl substituted-thieno[3,4-]thiophene monomers and polymers therefrom

This invention presents polymers and copolymers comprising repeating units of thieno[3,4-b]thiophene. Water-borne dispersions of such polymers and copolymers can be cast by conventional methods to provide uniform, thin films which possess utility in numerous electroactive applications including electrochromic displays, optically transparent electrodes and antistatic coatings. The compositions of this invention can be doped with conventional p-dopants or n-dopants. The invention also presents an aqueous process for preparing such compositions of matter.

Polymers comprising thieno [3,4-b]thiophene and methods of making and using the same

Thienothiophenes compositions comprising a Csecondary or tertiary alkyl group are disclosed. The thienothiophenes may be represented by the formula: where R is Csecondary or tertiary alkyl, e.g., isopropyl, tert-butyl, tert-pentyl, isopentyl, and 2-ethylhexyl, X and X' are independently selected from the group consisting of H, halogen atoms (e.g., F, Cl, Br, and I), MgCl, MgBr, Mgl, Sn(R&#x2032;), (where R&#x2032; is Calkyl or &#x2014;OCalkyl), boronic acid, boronic ester, &#x2014;CH&#x2550;CHR&#x2033; (where R&#x2033; is H or Calkyl), &#x2014;OCalkyl, &#x2014;COOCalkyl, &#x2014;S&#x2014;COR&#x2032;&#x2033;, &#x2014;COR&#x2032;&#x2033; (where R&#x2032;&#x2033; is H or Calkyl), &#x2014;C&#x2261;CH, and polymerizable aromatic rings such as phenyl, naphthalene, pyrrole, dithiophene, thienothiophene, thiophene and so forth.

Substituted thienothiophene monomers and conducting polymers

The present invention relates to a method of producing a diesel fuel blend having a pre-determined flash-point and a pre-determined increase in cetane number over the stock diesel fuel. Upon establishing the desired flash-point and increase in cetane number, an amount of a first oxygenate with a flash-point less than the flash-point of the stock diesel fuel and a cetane number equal to or greater than the cetane number of the stock diesel fuel is added to the stock diesel fuel in an amount sufficient to achieve the pre-determined increase in cetane number. Thereafter, an amount of a second oxygenate with a flash-point equal to or greater than the flash-point of the stock diesel fuel and a cetane number greater than the cetane number of the stock diesel fuel is added to the stock diesel fuel in an amount sufficient to achieve the pre-determined increase in cetane number.

Method of producing a diesel fuel blend having a pre-determined flash-point and pre-determined increase in cetane number

The present invention relates to an improved monolith catalytic reactor and a monolith support. The improvement in the support resides in a polymer network/carbon coating applied to the surface of a porous substrate and a catalytic metal, preferably a transition metal catalyst applied to the surface of the polymer network/carbon coating. The monolith support has from 100 to 800 cells per square inch and a polymer network/carbon coating with surface area of from 0.1 to 15 m /gram as measured by adsorption of N or Kr using the BET method.

Polymer network/carbon layer on monolith support and monolith catalytic reactor

The present invention relates to an improved for the hydrogenation of an immiscible mixture of an organic reactant in water. The immiscible mixture can result from the generation of water by the hydrogenation reaction itself or, by the addition of, water to the reactant prior to contact with the catalyst. The improvement resides in effecting the hydrogenation reaction in a monolith catalytic reactor from 100 to 800 cpi, at a superficial velocity of from 0.1 to 2 m/second in the absence of a cosolvent for the immiscible mixture. In a preferred embodiment, the hydrogenation is carried out using a monolith support which has a polymer network/carbon coating onto which a transition metal is deposited.

Hydrogenation with monolith reactor under conditions of immiscible liquid phases

Dimethyl ether for methyl group attachment on a carbon adjacent to an electron withdrawing group

Betaine is produced by the oxidation of a choline salt in the presence of a base and a supported noble metal catalyst at temperatures from about 20.degree. C. to 100.degree. C. and pressures from atmospheric to about 100 psi. This process is advantageous over prior processes for the production of betaine in that no amine halocarboxylate contaminants are produced by this reaction.

Preparation of solutions of betaine

Betaine is produced by the oxidation of a choline salt in the presence of a supported noble metal catalyst at temperatures from about 20.degree. C. to 100.degree. C. and pressures from atmospheric to about 100 psi. This process is advantageous over prior processes for the production of betaine in that no amine halocarboxylate contaminants are produced by this reaction.

Process for the preparation of aqueous solutions of betaine

This invention relates to a process for producing acetic anhydride by the reaction of methyl acetate, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen at elevated temperatures and pressures in the presence of an alkyl halide and a heterogeneous, bifunctional catalyst that contains an insoluble polymer having pendant quaternized phosphine groups, some of which phosphine groups are ionically bonded to anionic Group VIII metal complexes, the remainder of the phosphine groups being bonded to iodide. In contrast to prior art processes, no accelerator (promoter) is necessary to achieve the catalytic reaction and the products are easily separated from the catalyst by filtration. The catalyst can be recycled for consecutive runs without loss in activity. Bifunctional catalysts for use in carbonylating dimethyl ether are also provided.

Heterogeneous catalyst for the production of acetic anhydride from

A liquid-phase process for hydrolyzing a carboxylic acid alkyl ester having 2 to 18 carbon atoms to provide a product mixture comprising a carboxylic acid and an alcohol comprising contacting a feedstock comprising the carboxylic acid alkyl ester and water with an acidic carbon catalyst under reaction conditions sufficient to form the product mixture comprising the carboxylic acid and the alcohol. Suitable acidic carbon catalysts include charcoal and carbons produced from a variety of sources including coconut shells, coal, wood and peat. Carbon catalysts may be rendered acidic by treatment with nitric acid.

Hydrolysis of carboxylic acid alkyl esters in the liquid phase

A diesel fuel composition is set forth for an increased cetane number vis-a-vis conventional diesel fuel compositions. The composition generally comprises one or more compounds selected from the dialkoxy alkane (DAAK) chemical family. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the diesel fuel composition consists of moderate amounts of dimethoxy propane (DMPP) and dimethoxy ethane (DMET) blended into a conventional diesel fuel.

Diesel fuel composition comprising dialkoxy alkanes for increased cetane

This invention relates to a process for producing ethylidene diacetate by the reaction of acetic anhydride, acetic acid, hydrogen and carbon monoxide at elevated temperatures and pressures in the presence of an alkyl halide and a heterogeneous, bifunctional catalyst that is stable to hydrogenation and comprises an insoluble polymer having pendant quaternized heteroatoms, some of which heteroatoms are ionically bonded to anionic Group VIII metal complexes, the remainder of the heteroatoms being bonded to iodide. In contrast to prior art processes, no accelerator (promoter) is necessary to achieve the catalytic reaction and the products are easily separated from the catalyst by filtration. The catalyst can be recycled without loss in activity.

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Allentown, PA, United States of America

Francis Joseph Waller