Agfa Gevaert Nv

Francis J Sels

Robert J Pollet

George F Van Veelen

Hendrik E Kokelenberg

Camille Angelina Vandeputte

Jozef Frans Willems

Nikolaas C De Jaeger

Herman Adelbert Philippaerts

Andre Roefs

Yvan K Gilliams

Rene M De Keyzer

Albert Lucien Poot

Benedictus J Jansen

Marc Van Den Zegel

Raymond L Florens

Noel J De Volder

Rafael P Samijn

Pieter Perdieus

Jules Robert Berendsen

Francois Leon Schelfaut

Bernard H Tavernier

Frans J Ville

Gerard Laurens Vanreusel

Arthur Henri De Cat

Valere Frans Danckaert

Maurice A De Ramaix

Antoine A De Jaeger

Alfons J Bertels

Karel A Brems

Josephus F Paulussen

To eliminate the 'pi-line' artifact after processing a method of image formation is disclosed in a silver halide industrial X-ray photographic material, comprising on at least one side of a support, at least one gelatin silver halide emulsion layer and a total amount of silver halide, corresponding to from 6 to 20 g of silver nitrate per square meter and per side, and at least one non-sensitive protective antistress coating, wherein said material further comprises a hardening agent different from a vinyl sulphone compound, preferably formaldehyde, and at least one polyoxyalkylene compound as a surfactant in at least one of its hydrophilic layers, and wherein after exposure to direct X-rays said material is subjected in an automatic processing machine to the steps of developing in a developer comprising at least one anionic alkylphenoxy polyalkyleneoxy phosphate ester surfactant, fixing in a fixer which may comprise at least one alpha-ketocarboxylic acid, rinsing and drying.

Processing of silver halide photographic industrial X-ray films

For the processing in a total processing time of 60 seconds or less of exposed X-ray materials containing silver bromide or silver bromoiodide emulsions use is made of an aqueous alkaline photographic developing solution, having a pH in the range of 9 to 12, comprising a dihydroxybenzene developing agent, 4-hydroxymethyl-4-methyl-1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidinone as an auxiliary developing agent, at least one organic antifoggant and a compound providing iodide ions.

Method of developing x-ray materials

Film-forming cellulose ester compositions containing at least one solvent and at least one phosphate as stripping aid, said phosphate being a mono- or di-C.sub.12 -C.sub.20 alkyl phosphate, the non-esterified hydroxyl group(s) of which is (are) in the free acid form. The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing cellulose ester film, comprising adding to cellulose ester, at least one solvent and at least one above defined phosphate, casting the resulting film-forming cellulose ester composition on a smooth casting surface, and stripping said cellulose ester composition in the form of a film.

Stripping aids for cellulose ester film

A method for the preparation of a planographic printing plate wherein a sheet material, which comprises an exterior hydrophilic colloid layer having concentrated on its surface a silver image formed by the silver complex diffusion transfer process with NiS or mixed crystal NiS.Ag.sub.2 S development nuclei in which the molar ratio of NiS to Ag.sub.2 S is not smaller than 1:1, is treated with a liquid for hydrophobizing the silver image for planographic printing, such liquid containing in dissolved state a heterocyclic compound corresponding to one of the following tautomeric structures (A) and (B) or (C) and (D): ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1 represents hydrogen, amino or acylamino,

Method for the preparation of a planographic printing plate using NiS

Fluorine-containing surfactants according to formula (Rf--X).sub.n --A--L--Z wherein Rf is a short-chain fluorine-containing group derived from hexafluoropropylene or trifluorochloroethylene, X is --O--, --S--, or --SO.sub.2 --, n is at least 2, the Rf groups being same or different, L is a monovalent bond or a bivalent bridging group such as --COO--alkylene, --CONR.sup.1 --alkylene, or --SO.sub.2 NR.sup.1 --alkylene, wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl, and Z represents a hydrophilic polyoxyethylene group or a hydrophilic group such as ##STR1## wherein M is hydrogen, an alkali metal, ammonium, or organic ammonium, and R.sup.3 is alkyl; A is an aliphatic, aromatic, or aliphatic-aromatic group. These surfactants can be used in hydrophilic colloid layers, which may form part of light-sensitive silver halide materials.

Light-sensitive silver halide materials containing fluorine-containing

Photographic elements containing image-wise developable silver halide are developed in the presence of an oxathioether development activator according to the formula:

Photographic silver halide development in the presence of thioether

A proteinaceous material such as gelatin is hardened by treatment with an aqueous solution of a partial hydrolysis product of cyanuric chloride that has been buffered with a water-soluble borate, e.g. sodium metaborate, potassium metaborate or ammonium metaborate. The proteinaceous material can be a proteinaceous coating such as a photographic silver halide emulsion layer, a backing layer, a protective layer, a filter layer or any other photographic auxiliary layer.

Hardening solution for proteinaceous materials

The processing of exposed photographic silver halide color materials is described while using a bleach or bleach-fixing bath containing better bleach-accelerating compounds. The bleach-accelerating compounds are polyoxyethylene compounds comprising at least 20 mol % of recurring oxyethylene units, which carry a thioether group in a sidechain.

Photographic bleach compositions containing bleach-accelerating compounds

Proteinaceous material such as gelatin is hardened by treatment with an aqueous solution of the partial hydrolysis product of a 2,4-dichloro-6-alkoxy-S-triazine with a water-soluble tertiary phosphate and/or a water-soluble borate, wherein the 2,4-dichloro-6-alkoxy-s-triazine corresponds to the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a lower alkyl or alkoxyalkyl group. The proteinaceous material can be a proteinaceous coating such as a photographic silver halide emulsion layer, a backing layer, a protective layer, a filter layer, or any other photographic auxiliary layer.

Hardening proteinaceous materials

Hardening of proteinaceous materials

A liquid toner developer composition suitable for use in developing electrostatic charge patterns, characterized in that the developer contains a metal alkyl sulphonate ionic surfactant in which the metal ion is a bivalent metal ion selected from the group consisting of zinc(II), lead(II), cadmium(II) and copper(II) and the sulphonate group thereof is present directly on an alkyl chain containing at least 6 carbon atoms in a straight chain, which sulphonate has a positive charging effect on the toner, and the sizes of the toner particles and the amount in which said sulphonate is present are selected such that the toner can develop a charge pattern having a charge level corresponding to 50 V for a capacitance of 1.5.times.10.sup.-11 F.cm.sup.-2 up to an optical density of at least 0.8.

Electrophoretic liquid developer containing a metal alkyl sulphonate

A method is described of developing a photographic silver halide element containing developable silver halide by means of a silver halide developing composition, comprising as development activator a derivative of a polyethylene glycol or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 monoalkyl ether thereof corresponding to the formula:

Development of photographic silver halide material

A method of developing an exposed lith-type silver halide emulsion is described wherein development takes place in the presence of a sulphonium compound corresponding to the formula: ##STR1## wherein: EACH OF X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 represents an alkyl group at least one of which carries a hydroxy, carboxy, sulpho or cyano group,

Development of exposed lith-emulsions

Proteinaceous materials, especially gelatin, are hardened by incorporating therein at least one bis-epoxy compound corresponding to one of the formula: ##STR1## wherein: X represents a 1,4-piperazinylene group or a monomethyl or dimethyl-substituted 1,4-piperazinylene group, or represents a 1,2-pyrazolidinylene group,

Polyoxyethylene compounds carrying thioether groups as substituents on the linear chain are described for accelerating or activating development of exposed silver halide elements.

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Kontich, Belgium

Francis J Sels