Imec

Filip Frederix

Kristien Bonroy

Karolien Jans

In one aspect, this disclosure provides a substrate for determining the concentration of an analyte within a sample. The substrate includes a conductive region and a recognition layer, the conductive region including at least one particle and having a first surface operatively coupled with the recognition layer, the recognition layer comprising at least one recognition molecule. The distance between the first surface of the conductive region and the recognition molecule is selected such that when the analyte is bound to the recognition layer the combination of the at least one particle and the analyte exhibits at least one of the following effects when radiation is directed through the conductive region and the recognition layer: (i) a particle plasmon effect, (ii) a particle bulk interband absorption, (iii) analyte molecular absorption, and (iv) absorption by the analyte-particle combination.

Method and apparatus for detecting an analyte

An article is provided for immobilizing functional organic biomolecules (e.g. proteins, DNA, and the like) through a covalent bond to a thiolate or disulfide monolayer to a metal surface wherein an extra activation step of the surface layer or an activation step of the functional biomolecules or bioreceptors could be avoided. The monolayer can contain, but is not limited to, two moieties. One has a group that resists nonspecific adsorption and another has a group that directly (without activation) reacts with functional groups on the biomolecules. In addition, poly(ethylene oxide) groups are incorporated in the monolayer surfaces to resist the nonspecific adsorption and to enhance the specific affinity interactions. A sensor device including these monolayers is also provided to perform reproducible, sensitive, specific and stable bioanalysis.

Molecules suitable for binding to a metal layer for covalently immobilizing biomolecules

A method for determining a concentration of an analyte is provided. The method includes providing a substrate including a conductive region and a recognition layer where the conductive region has a first surface operatively coupled with the recognition layer; The method also includes contacting the substrate with the sample to bind at least some of the analyte that may present in the sample with the recognition layer; The method further includes directing radiation through the conductive region and the recognition layer, where the conductive region comprises at least one particle and a combination of the at least one particle effect when the radiation is directed through the conductive region and the recognition layer; The method still further includes measuring at least a part of a spectrum of the radiation that is absorbed or transmitted by or through the substrate, the at least part of the spectrum being related to one or more of the at least one particle effects; The method further includes determining a change of the at least part of the spectrum as compared with a reference spectrum and determining the concentration of the analyte from the change.

An article is provided for immobilizing functional organic biomolecules (e.g. proteins, DNA, and the like) through a covalent bond to a thiolate or disulfide monolayer to a metal surface wherein an extra activation step of the surface layer or an activation step of the functional biomolecules or bioreceptors could be avoided. The article comprises mixed self-assembled monolayers of thiol or disulfide molecules of formula X&#x2014;(CH)&#x2014;O&#x2014;([CH]&#x2014;CH&#x2014;O)&#x2014;R&#x2014;S&#x2014;Xincorporating poly(ethylene oxide) groups and two functional groups, Xand X. Preferably, one functional group resists nonspecific adsorption and the other functional group directly (without activation) reacts with functional groups on the biomolecules. The functional group Xis selected from the group consisting of flurophenyl, fluorobenzoyl, fluorophenoxycarbonyl, nitrophenoxycarbonyl, Calkenyl, sulfonyl halide, isothiocyanato, isocyanato, carbonyl halide, haloalkylcarbonyl, and diazonium carbonyl. The poly(ethylene oxide) groups resist nonspecific adsorption and enhance the specific affinity interactions. A particularly preferred molecule is 2-(2-{2-[2-(2-{2-[2-(11-mercaptoyldisulfanyl-undecyloxy)ethoxy]ethoxy}ethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy} acetic acid pentafluorophenyl ester. A sensor device including these monolayers is also provided to perform reproducible, sensitive, specific and stable bioanalysis.

Thiol or disulfide molecules having poly(ethylene oxide) groups for use in a self assembled monolayer bound to a metal layer for covalently immobilizing biomolecules in a biosensor

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Leuven, Belgium

Filip Frederix