Max-planck-gesellschaft Zur F&#xf6;rderung Der Wissenschaften E. V.

Ludwig-maximilians-universitaet Muenchen

Femtolasers Produktions Gmbh

Ludwig-maximillians-universitat Muenchen

Femtolasers Produktions Gbmh

Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat München

Ferenc Krausz

Ioachim Pupeza

Oleg Pronin

Alexander Apolonskiy

Andreas Stingl

Jonathan Brons

Ernst Fill

Marinus Huber

Hanieh Fattahi

Mihaela Zigman Kohlmaier

Gabriel Florin Tempea

Thomas Metzger

Vladimir Pervak

Joachim Pupeza

Theresa Buberl

Ka Fai Mak

Maksim Iandulskii

Alexander F&uuml;rbach

Sebastian Groebmeyer

Takao Fuji

Alexander Fürbach

Alexander Apolonski

Jan Kaster

Yunpei Deng

Moritz Ueffing

Simon Holzberger

Henning Carstens

Tim Paasch-Colberg

Ralph Ernstorfer

Jens Rauschenberger

Agustin Schiffrin

Iochaim Pupeza

Sebastian GRÖBMEYER

Maximilian HÖGNER

Mihaela Zigman

Ann-Kathrin Raab

Liudmila Voronina

A multiple frequency comb source apparatus () for simultaneously creating a first laser pulse sequence representing a first frequency comb () and at least one further laser pulse sequence representing at least one further frequency comb (), wherein at least two of the first and at least one further pulse sequences have different repetition frequencies, comprises a laser resonator device () comprising multiple resonator mirrors including first end mirrors EM,OCproviding a first laser resonator (), a laser gain medium () being arranged in the laser resonator device (), and a pump device () being arranged for pumping the laser gain medium (), wherein the laser resonator device () is configured for creating the first and at least one further laser pulse sequences by pumping and passively mode-locking the laser gain medium (), the resonator mirrors of the laser resonator device () include further end mirrors EM, OCproviding at least one further laser resonator (), the first laser resonator () and the at least one further laser resonator () share the laser gain medium (), resonator modes of the first laser resonator () and the at least one further laser resonator () are displaced relative to each other, wherein the resonator modes are located in the laser gain medium () at separate beam path spots, and at least one of the first and further end mirrors EM, EM, OC, OCis adjustable so that the repetition frequency of at least one of the first and at least one further laser pulse sequences can be set independently from the repetition frequency of the other one of the first and at least one further laser pulse sequences. Furthermore, a spectroscopic measuring method, a spectroscopy apparatus and a multiple frequency comb generation method are described.

Apparatus and method for multiple frequency comb generation and applications thereof

A laser device (), being configured for generating laser pulses by Ken lens based mode locking, comprises a laser resonator () with a plurality of resonator mirrors () spanning a resonator beam path (), a solid state gain medium () being arranged in the laser resonator (), a Kerr medium device () being arranged with a distance from the gain medium () in the laser resonator (), wherein the Kerr medium device () includes at least one Ken medium being arranged in a focal range of the resonator beam path and being configured for forming the laser pulses by the nonlinear Kerr effect, and a loss-modulation device () having a modulator medium, which is capable of modulating a power loss of the laser pulses generated in the laser resonator (), wherein the Kerr medium device () includes the modulator medium of the loss-modulation device () as the at least one Kerr medium having an optical non-linearity being adapted for both of creating the Kerr lens based mode-locking in the laser resonator and modulating the power loss in the laser resonator. Furthermore, a method of generating laser pulses by Kerr lens based mode locking is described, wherein a loss-modulation device () is used for both of introducing a Ken effect in the laser resonator () and modulating the power loss.

Device and method for generating laser pulses by Kerr lens based mode locking with a loss-modulation device as a Kerr medium

A particle analysis method and apparatus, including a spectrometry-based analysis of a fluid sample (), comprises the steps of creating a sample light beam S and a probe light beam P with a light source device () and periodically varying a relative phase between the sample and probe light beams S, P with a phase modulator device (), irradiating the fluid sample () with the sample light beam S, detecting the sample and probe light beams S, P with a detector device (), and providing a spectral response of the at least one particle (), wherein the light source device () comprises at least one broadband source, which has an emission spectrum covering a mid-infrared MIR frequency range, and the phase modulator device () varies the relative phase with a scanning period equal to or below the irradiation period of irradiating the at least one particle ().

Particle analysis method and apparatus for a spectrometry-based particle analysis

An interferometer apparatus includes a beam splitter arranged for splitting an input beam into a first beam propagating along a first interferometer arm including a deflection mirror and a second beam propagating along a second interferometer arm including a deflection mirror. The first and second interferometer arms have an identical optical path length. A beam combiner is arranged for recombining the first and second beams into a constructive output and a destructive output. In the first interferometer arm compared with the second interferometer arm, one additional Fresnel reflection at an optically dense medium is provided and a propagation of the electromagnetic fields of the first and second beams, when recombined by the beam combiner, results in a wavelength-independent phase difference of &#x3c0; between the contributions of the two interferometer arms to the destructive output. Furthermore, an interferometric measurement apparatus and an interferometric measurement method are described.

Interferometry with an achromatic interferometric superposition of electromagnetic fields

A method of measuring a polarization response of a sample (), in particular a biological sample, comprises the steps of generating a sequence of excitation waves (), irradiating the sample () with the sequence of excitation waves (), including an interaction of the excitation waves () with the sample (), so that a sequence of sample waves () is generated each including a superposition of a sample main pulse and a sample global molecular fingerprint (GMF) wave (E(t)), irradiating a reference sample (A) with the sequence of excitation waves (), including an interaction of the excitation waves () with the reference sample (A), so that a sequence of reference waves (A) is generated each including a superposition of a reference main pulse and a reference GMF wave (E(t)), optically separating a difference of the sample waves () and reference waves (A) from GMF wave contributions which are common to both of the sample waves () and reference waves (A) in space and/or time, and detecting the difference of the sample waves () and the reference waves (A) and determining a temporal amplitude of differential molecular fingerprint (dMF) waves (&#x394;E) () each comprising the difference of the sample and reference GMF waves. Furthermore, as a spectroscopic apparatus for measuring a polarization response of a sample () is described.

Methods and devices for measuring changes in the polarization response of a sample by field-resolved vibrational spectroscopy

A pulse laser apparatus () for creating laser pulses (), in particular soliton laser pulses (), based on Kerr lens mode locking of a circulating light field in an oscillator cavity (), comprises at least two resonator mirrors (, . . . ) spanning a resonator beam path () of the oscillator cavity (), at least one Kerr-medium () for introducing self-phase modulation and self-focusing to the circulating light field in the oscillator cavity (), at least one gain-medium () for amplifying the circulating light field in the oscillator cavity (), and a tuning device () for setting a first mode-locking condition and a second mode-locking condition of the oscillator cavity () such that an intra-cavity threshold-power for mode-locking at the first mode-locking condition is lower than that at the second mode-locking condition, wherein the first mode-locking condition is adapted for starting or shutting-down of the Kerr lens mode locking and the second mode-locking condition is adapted for continuous Kerr lens mode locking and a resonator-internal peak-power of the circulating light field is higher at the second mode-locking condition than at the first mode-locking condition. Furthermore, a method of operating a pulse laser apparatus is described.

Pulse laser apparatus and method for Kerr lens mode locking based creation of laser pulses

A pulse light source device () for creating fs output laser pulses () having CEP stability comprises a pulse source device () creating primary ps laser pulses, a first beam splitting device () splitting the primary ps laser pulses to first ps laser pulses () and second ps laser pulses (), a pulse shortening device () creating sub-ps laser pulses () by shortening and spectrally broadening the first ps laser pulses (), a primary supercontinuum generation device () creating primary fs laser pulses (), a pulse stretcher device () creating stretched ps laser pulses () by stretching the primary fs laser pulses (), a optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification device () creating amplified ps laser pulses () on the basis of the stretched ps laser pulses () and the second ps laser pulses (); a phase stabilization device () creating CEP stable ps laser pulses () by difference frequency generation of the amplified ps laser pulses () and reference laser pulses derived from the primary ps laser pulses () or the sub-ps laser pulses (), a pulse compressor device () creating compressed fs laser pulses () by compressing the CEP stable ps laser pulses () output by the phase stabilization device (), and a secondary supercontinuum generation device () creating fs output laser pulses as the fs output laser pulses () to be obtained by spectrally broadening the compressed fs laser pulses (). Furthermore, a method of creating fs output laser pulses is described.

Pulse light source device and method for creating CEP stable fs laser pulses

A method of measuring a spectral response of a biological sample (), comprises the steps generation of probe light having a primary spectrum, irradiation of the sample () with the probe light, including an interaction of the probe light and the sample (), and spectrally resolved detection of the probe light having a modified spectrum, which deviates from the primary spectrum as a result of the interaction of the probe light and the sample (), said modified spectrum being characteristic of the spectral response of the sample (), wherein the probe light comprises probe light pulses () being generated with a fs laser source device (). Furthermore, a spectroscopic measuring apparatus is described, which is configured for measuring a spectral response of a biological sample ().

Method and apparatus for measuring a spectral sample response

A method of creating difference frequency (DF) laser pulses () by difference frequency generation (DFG) comprises the steps of providing ultrashort laser pulses () having a spectral bandwidth corresponding to a Fourier limit of below 50 fs and containing first spectral components and second spectral components having larger frequencies than the first spectral components, and driving a DFG process by the ultrashort laser pulses () in an optically non-linear crystal (), wherein the DF laser pulses () are generated in the crystal () by difference frequencies between the first and second spectral components, resp., said difference frequencies comprising third spectral components being lower in frequency than the first and second spectral components, wherein at least one enhancement cavity () with resonator mirrors (Mito M) spanning a beam path () is provided and the crystal () is placed in the beam path () of the enhancement cavity (), the ultrashort laser pulses () are input coupled and coherently added in the at least one enhancement cavity (), at least one circulating ultrashort laser pulse () is created in the at least one enhancement cavity (), which drives the DFG process in the crystal () for generating the DF laser pulses (), and the at least one enhancement cavity () is adapted for recycling the at least one ultrashort laser pulse () passing through the crystal (). Furthermore, a photonic source () for creating DF laser pulses () is described, including one or more enhancement cavities.

Method and device for cavity-enhanced broadband intrapulse difference frequency generation

An opto-electronic device () for processing optical and electric pulses includes a photoconductor device () with a sensor section () which is made of a band gap material and which has electrical sensor contacts (), and a signal processing device () which is connected with the sensor contacts (), wherein the photoconductor device () is adapted to create a photocurrent between the sensor contacts () in response to an irradiation with ultra-short driving laser pulses () having a photon energy smaller than the energy band gap of the band gap material, having a non-zero electric field component () oriented parallel with a line () between the electrical sensor contacts (), and causing a charge carrier displacement in the band gap material, and wherein the signal processing device () is configured for an output of an electric signal being characteristic for at least one of carrier-envelope phase (CE phase), intensity, temporal properties, spectral intensity and spectral phase of the driving laser pulses (). Furthermore, a laser source device including the opto-electronic device and pulse processing method for processing optical and electric pulses are described.

Opto-electronic device and pulse processing method

A method of spatially splitting a primary radiation beam () with a first radiation component () including an optical wavelength and a second radiation component () having a wavelength shorter than the first radiation component wavelength, said second radiation component () having a second or higher harmonic wavelength relative to the optical wavelength, comprises directing the primary radiation beam () onto a deflection mirror () having a reflective mirror surface () and carrying a refractive plate element (), reflecting the first radiation component () at the reflective mirror surface () and reflecting the second radiation component () at an exposed plate surface () of the refractive plate element (), wherein the reflected radiation components () travel along different beam paths. Furthermore, a method of spatially combining a first beam path of a first radiation component () and a second beam path of a second radiation component () is described, wherein the beam splitting method is reversed. Further more, an optical device for implementing the above methods and applications of the methods are described.

Spatially splitting or combining radiation beams

An enhancement resonator () being configured for generating intra-resonator laser light () by coherent superposition of input laser light, comprises at least three resonator mirrors () spanning a ring resonator path in one common resonator plane, said resonator path being free of a laser light amplifying medium, wherein the at least three resonator mirrors () include at least two toroidal mirrors and/or at least one cylindrical mirror. Furthermore, a laser device () comprising the enhancement resonator () and a method of generating intra-resonator laser light () are described.

Enhancement resonator including non-spherical mirrors

A laser pulse amplifier device () includes an amplifying cavity () comprising an amplifying laser gain medium () and multiple cavity mirrors (to) spanning a cavity light path (), wherein the amplifying cavity () is configured for an amplification of laser pulses () circulating along the cavity light path, and a multi-pass amplifier () being optically coupled with the amplifying cavity () and comprising multiple deflection mirrors () spanning a multipass light path (), wherein the multi-pass amplifier () is configured for a post-amplification of laser pulses () coupled out of the amplifying cavity (), wherein the amplifying cavity () and the multi-pass amplifier () are arranged such that the laser gain medium () of the amplifying cavity () is included as an active medium in the multi-pass light path () of the multi-pass amplifier (). Furthermore, a method of amplifying laser pulses is described.

Amplifier device and method for amplifying laser pulses

A laser device (), configured for generating laser pulses, has a laser resonator () with a gain disk medium () and a Kerr medium (). The laser resonator () includes a first mode shaping section () which is adapted for shaping a circulating electric field coupled into the gain disk medium (), and a second mode shaping section (), which is adapted for shaping the circulating electric field coupled into the Kerr medium () independently of the electric field shaping in the first mode shaping section (). Furthermore, a method of generating laser pulses () using a laser resonator () with a gain disk medium () and a Kerr medium () is described.

Laser device with Kerr effect based mode-locking and operation thereof

An optical parametric amplification device and method. The method includes providing a pump pulse having a pump pulse duration, providing a chirped seed pulse having a seed pulse duration, sequentially passing the pump and seed pulses through amplification stages, wherein the pump and seed pulses are coupled into the amplification stages with varying mutual temporal overlap and the seed pulse is amplified at each amplification stage, an amplified signal pulse is provided by the seed pulse after amplification in a last amplification stage, the seed pulse duration is longer than the pump pulse duration, the mutual temporal overlap of the pump and seed pulses is varied with different temporal ranges of the seed pulse amplified at each amplification stage. Compared with the seed pulse, the signal pulse has an increased energy in the spectral regions determined by the temporal overlap of the seed pulse with the pump pulse.

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Garching, Germany

Ferenc Krausz