Chemische Werke Huls Aktiengesellschaft

Ferdinand Von Praun

Kurt Kosswig

Alfred Coenen

Fritz Gude

Bernhard Hentschel

Jurgen Ziebarth

Sigrid Scholz-Weigl

Wolfgang Schneider

Kurt Niehaves

Willi Ziegenbein

Hans-Peter Schuller

A process for the production of maleic anhydride by catalytic air oxidation of hydrocarbons capable of being so oxidized at a temperature in the range of 300.degree.-450.degree. C., which, after air oxidation, entails:

Process for the production of maleic anhydride

A process for the recovery of five-membered ring dicarboxylic acid anhydrides from aqueous solutions of the corresponding dicarboxylic acids which entails (a) washing the aqueous solution of the dicarboxylic acid with a water-insoluble tertiary amine, and separating the resulting amine-acid salt from the water layer; and (b) adding an aromatic hydrocarbon entrainer for the water, removing the entrainer/water azeotrope by distillation and separating the five-membered ring dicarboxylic acid anhydride after phase separation; or adding an aliphatic hydrocarbon entrainer for the water, removing a ternary azeotropic mixture consisting of a hydrolytically stable anhydride, water and entrainer by distillation and separating the five-membered ring dicarboxylic acid anhydride after phase separation.

Process for the recovery of five-membered ring dicarboxylic acid

A process for preparing sodium bicarbonate and hydrogen chloride by reacting an aqueous sodium chloride solution with carbon dioxide under pressure in the presence of an amine and of an organic solvent.

Method for preparing sodium bicarbonate and hydrogen chloride

Gaseous hydrogen chloride is extracted from dilute aqueous hydrochloric acid using amines, by:

Process for preparing gaseous hydrogen chloride from dilute aqueous

An improvement in the process for obtaining gaseous hydrogen chloride by extracting dilute aqueous hydrochloric acid with amines wherein:

Method for obtaining gaseous hydrogen chloride from dilute aqueous

A method of purifying tertiary amines by removing sec. and prim. amines and/or their hydrochlorides produced in the manufacture of the tertiary amines. The impurities are removed by dissolving the impure tertiary amines in an organic solvent and the resulting solution is passed over absorbents such as aluminum oxides having a specific surface area of about 100 to 400 square meters per gram. The sec. and prim. amines and/or their hydrochlorides are retained on the adsorbents and pure tertiary amines are useful in the solvents or can be separated therefrom. The adsorbents are regenerated by passing polar solvents thereover to remove the sec. and prim. amines and/or their hydrochlorides.

Purification of tertiary amines using an adsorbent

The mercerizing of cellulose fibers is improved by using an aqueous alkaline bath composition having as a wetting agent alkali salts of alkene sulfonic acids having 6 to 10 carbon atoms and single or double branched structures in a concentration of about 1 to 5 grams per liter of bath composition.

Alkaline baths containing alkene sulfonates as wetting agents

Foam-controlled washing and cleaning and dishwashing composition, containing conventional detergents and additives, which are improved by the addition of about 20 - 70 percent by weight based on the total surfactant material of vicinal alkane diol mono and/or diesters of the formula ##EQU1## where R is hydrogen, linear or branched alkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms or phenyl; R' is hydrogen or ##EQU2## n is zero or an integer from 1 to 28, m is zero or an integer from 1 to 28 and where n+m are integers from 10 to 30.

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Haltern, Germany

Ferdinand Von Praun