UChicago Argonne, LLC

Eungje Lee

Jason R Croy

Christopher S Johnson

Michael M Thackeray

Joong Sun Park

Jinhyup Han

Brandon R Long

Jehee Park

Jihyeon Gim

Jeffrey W Elam

Anil U Mane

Anirudha V Sumant

Hakim H Iddir

Tijana Rajh

Alexander A Balandin

Elena Shevchenko

Arturo Gutierrez

Bonil Koo

Devika Choudhury

Wen Chao Lee

Youngsik Kim

A method for coating of lithium ion electrode materials via atomic layer deposition. The coated materials may be integrated in part as a dopant in the electrode itself via heat treatment forming a doped lithium electrode.

Modification of lithium ion electrode materials via atomic layer deposition techniques

Substantially defect-free layered lithium nickel oxide materials of Formula (I): Li(NiM)Oand Formula (II): LiNiMOare provided herein, wherein M is one or more metal selected from the group consisting of Co, Mn, Al, Mg, Ti, B, Zr, Nb, and Mo; 0≤x≤0.05; and 0≤y≤0.1, 0.97≤a≤1.03; 0.9≤b≤1; 0≤c≤0.1; and 0.97≤(b+c)≤1.03; and the material has a layered structure with no more than about 1.2 percent disorder between lithium and transition metal (TM) layers, as determined by structural refinement calculations on x-ray diffraction (XRD) data, compared to an ideal layered LiNiOstructure. The materials can be formed by heating Ni(OH)or NiO with lithium hydroxide at a temperature in the range of about 650 to 680° C.

Defect-free lithium nickel(3+) oxide materials for use in lithium batteries and method of preparation thereof

Cation-stabilized materials and compositions are described herein, which suppress the structural and electrochemical instability of lithium-metal-oxide spinel and lithiated lithium-metal-oxide spinel electrodes for lithium batteries, notably lithium-ion batteries. The lithium metal oxide electrode material comprises a disordered rock salt structure with partial lithiated-spinel character, wherein, for example, the disordered rock salt structure comprises a formula Li(M″M'″)O, which has the crystallographic formula: [LiM′″][M″M′″Li]Owherein 16c and 16d refer to the octahedral sites of the prototypic space group symmetry Fdm; M″ and M′″ are metal ions; 0<a≤0.5; and 0<b<0.5. These stabilized materials are useful as positive electrodes for lithium batteries in their own right or when used as a structural component to stabilize layered metal oxide electrode systems, such as a two-component layered-layered system or a multi-component layered-layered-spinel system.

Disordered rock salt electrodes for lithium batteries

Lead/lead oxide/carbon ('Pb—O—C') nanocomposite materials that are useful as electrode active materials for electrodes in lithium and sodium batteries are formed by grinding a mixture of a lead oxide material and a carbon material in a high energy ball mill. A Pb—O—C nanocomposite as described herein comprises Pb and lead oxide nanoparticles homogeneously dispersed in a carbon nanoparticle matrix. In the nanocomposite, other elements (e.g., transition metals, Al, Si, P, Sn, Sb, and Bi) can be alloyed with the Pb nanoparticles, incorporated as a mixed oxide with the lead oxide nanoparticles, or can be present as distinct elemental or oxide nanoparticles within the carbon nanoparticle matrix.

Lead-lead oxide-carbon nanocomposite for energy storage cells and method of preparation

Lead/lead oxide/carbon ('Pb&#x2014;O&#x2014;C') nanocomposite materials are useful as electrode active materials for electrodes in lithium and sodium batteries. A Pb&#x2014;O&#x2014;C nanocomposite as described herein comprises Pb and lead oxide nanoparticles homogeneously dispersed in a carbon nanoparticle matrix. In the nanocomposite, the other element or elements (e.g., transition metals, Al, Si, P, Sn, Sb, and Bi) can be alloyed with the Pb nanoparticles, incorporated as a mixed oxide with the lead oxide nanoparticles, or can be present as distinct elemental or oxide nanoparticles within the carbon nanoparticle matrix. In some embodiments, the additional element or elements are present as alloys and mixed oxides with the Pb materials and as distinct elemental and/or oxide nanoparticles. In a preferred embodiment the Pb nanoparticles surface is oxidized to lead oxide thus creating a shell on core nanostructure.

An electrode material comprising a composite lithium metal oxide, which in an initial state has the formula: y[xLiMO.(1&#x2212;x)LiM'O].(1&#x2212;y)LiMnM&#x2033;O; wherein 0&#x2264;x&#x2264;1; 0.75&#x2264;y&#x3c;1; 0&#x3c;z&#x2264;2; 0&#x2264;d&#x2264;0.2; and z&#x2212;d&#x2264;2. M comprises one or more metal ions that together have an average oxidation state of +4; M&#x2032; comprises one or more metal ions that together have an average oxidation state of +3; and M&#x2033; comprises one or more metal ions that together with the Mn and any excess proportion of lithium, 'd', have a combined average oxidation state between +3.5 and +4. The LiMnM&#x2033;Ocomponent comprises a spinel structure, each of the LiMOand the LiM&#x2032;Ocomponents comprise layered structures, and at least one of M, M&#x2032;, and M&#x2033; comprises Co. Cells and batteries comprising the electrode material also are described.

Cobalt-stabilized lithium metal oxide electrodes for lithium batteries

An electrode for a lithium-ion cell comprising a 'layered-spinel' composite oxide material is disclosed. The 'layered-spinel' can be a material of formula xLiMO.(1&#x2212;x)LiM'O, wherein 0&#x3c;x&#x3c;1; LiMOis a lithium metal oxide having a layered structure in which M comprises one or more transition metals and optionally lithium, and has a combined average oxidation state of +3; and LiM&#x2032;Ois a lithium metal oxide having a spinel structure, 1&#x2264;y&#x2264;1.33, 1.66&#x2264;z&#x2264;2, and M&#x2032; comprises one or more transition metals, and has a combined average metal oxidation state in the range of about +3.5 to about +4.

Layered-spinel electrodes for lithium batteries

A thermally conductive electrochemical cell comprises a lithium ion-containing liquid electrolyte contacting a cathode and anode. The cathode and anode are in the form of electroactive sheets separated from each other by a membrane that is permeable to the electrolyte. One or more of the cathode and anode comprises two or more layers of carbon nanotubes, one of which layers includes electrochemically active nanoparticles and/or microparticles disposed therein or deposited on the nanotubes thereof. The majority of the carbon nanotubes in each of the layers are oriented generally parallel to the layers. Optionally, one or more of the layers includes an additional carbon material such as graphene, nanoparticulate diamond, microparticulate diamond, and a combination thereof.

Thermally conductive lithium ion electrodes and batteries

A sodium-ion electrochemical cell described herein comprises a cathode, an anode, and a non-aqueous sodium-containing electrolyte therebetween. The electrolyte comprises a sodium salt dissolved in a liquid organic carrier. The cathode comprises at least one transition metal chalcogenide compound in an initial discharged or partially discharged state and having the formula NaMXCl, wherein 0&#x3c;x&#x2266;1; M is at least one transition metal having a +3, +4, or +5 fully discharged oxidation state, i.e., when x is 1. X is at least one chalcogen selected from the group consisting of S and Se, and n is 0 when the discharged oxidation state of M is +3, n is 1 when the discharged oxidation state of M is +4, and n is 2 when the discharged oxidation state of M is +5. In some embodiments, the cathode comprises NaVS, NaTiS, or a combination thereof.

Growing community of inventors

Naperville, IL, United States of America

Eungje Lee