Canon Kabushiki Kaisha

Canon Kabushiki Kaisha & Raito Kogyo Co., Ltd.

Etsuko Sugawa

Takeshi Imamura

Tetsuya Yano

Takashi Kenmoku

Tsutomu Honma

Tatsuki Fukui

Tomohiro Suzuki

Tsuyoshi Nomoto

Akira Kuriyama

Kinya Kato

Chieko Mihara

Masahiro Kawaguchi

Masanori Sakuranaga

Shinya Kozaki

Shin Kobayashi

Hirohide Munakata

Yuji Kawabata

Yasutsugu Yamada

Toshihiko Miyazaki

Yukuo Nishimura

Ken Eguchi

Yoshinori Tomida

Masahiro Haruta

Akira Watanabe

Satoshi Yuasa

Toyoko Kobayashi

Yoshiyuki Toge

Yoshiyuki Touge

Shigeki Yoshida

Yoko Kuwae

Masatoshi Iio

Yuri Senshu

To provide a toner for developing electrostatic images which is not easily cause the phenomenon of toner-spent, constituent materials are so selected that a charge control resin has hardness which is the same as the hardness of a binder resin or the charge control resin is harder than the binder resin, as measured with a scanning probe microscope in a viscoelasticity evaluation mode in respect to the binder resin and the charge control resin which are present in the particle interiors or particle surfaces of the toner.

Toner for developing electrostatic images

The invention provides a PHA copolymer including at least a 3-hydroxy-&#x3c9;-carboxyalkanoic acid represented by a formula (19) or (32) and simultaneously at least a unit represented by a formula (2) or a formula (3) in a molecule, a precursor PHA copolymer having a corresponding vinyl group or a corresponding alkoxycarbonyl group, a biosynthesis method thereof by microorganisms, and a method of producing a desired PHA copolymer from the precursor PHA copolymer: (wherein k, m, n are integers; Rrepresents H, Na, K, R27? represents (A); Rrepresents a substituent on a cyclohexyl group and represents H, CN, NO, a halogen atom, CH, CH, CH, CF, CF, or CF; R includes a residue including a phenyl structure or a thienyl structure; these being independent for each unit). 

Polyhydroxy alkanoate copolymer including within molecule unit having vinyl group or carboxyl group in side chain, and producing method therefor

A polyhydroxyalkanoate is disclosed which has in the molecule a unit represented by Chemical Formula (1). wherein R is arbitrarily selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, CN, NO, COOR', SOR&#x2033;, CH, CH, CH, C(CH)H and C(CH); where R&#x2032; is H, Na, K, CHor CH, and R&#x2033; is OH, ONa, OK, a halogen atom, OCHor OCH; and x is an integer arbitrarily selected from 1 to 8; with the proviso that a polyhydroxyalkanoate is excluded which has a hydrogen atom as R and x in all the units is 2 or 4. Also disclosed is a process for producing the polyhydroxyalkanoate by the use of a microorganism having the ability to produce the polyhydroxyalkanoate and accumulate it in the bacterial body.

Polyhydroxyalkanoate containing unit with phenylsulfanyl structure in the side chain, process for its production, charge control agent, toner binder and toner which contain novel polyhydroxyalkanoate, and image forming method and image-forming apparatus which make use of the toner

The invention provides a polyhydroxyalkanoate having a bromo group in a unit and being thermally stable and capable of arbitrarily controlling physical properties, and a producing method thereof. According to the invention, there are provided a polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymer including a 3-hydroxy-&#x3c9;-bromoalkanoic acid unit represented by a formula&#x2014;[OCH((CH)Br)CHC(O)]&#x2014; (n=1 to 8) (1) and a unit represented by a formula &#x2014;[OCH((CH)R)CHC(O)]&#x2014; (2) within a same molecule, and a method for producing a polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymer by microorganisms, utilizing a &#x3c9;-bromoalkanoic acid represented by a formula Br(CH)CHCHCOOH (p=1 to 8) (20) and a compound represented by a formula R(CH)CHCHCOOH (21) as raw materials.

Polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymer including unit having bromo group in side chain and method for producing the same

A method for producing a polyhydroxyalkanoate using a microorganism capable of substantially reducing unintended monomer units and obtaining the polyhydroxyalkanoate in a high yield. A microorganism capable of synthesizing a novel polyhydroxyalkanoate having 3-hydroxy-substituted benzoylalkanoic acid as a monomer unit, using a substituted benzoylalkanoic acid as a material, is cultured in a medium containing a substituted benzoylalkanoic acid. Then, the polyhydroxyalkanoate produced in the cultured bacteria is extracted and recovered.

Method for manufacturing a polyhydroxyalkanoate

The present invention provides a method of effectively producing polyhydroxyalkanoate having an aromatic substituted residue in its monomer unit. In the method of producing polyhydroxyalkanoate by using microorganisms, microorganisms capable of producing polyhydroxyalkanoate are cultured in a culture medium containing at least one starting compound selected from the group consisting of substituted alkanes represented by formula (1) to produce polyhydroxyalkanoate having, in its molecule, at least one unit selected from the group consisting of 3-hydroxy-substituted alkanoate units represented by formula (2):R&#x2014;(CH)&#x2014;CH&#x2014;CH&#x2014;CH&#x2003;&#x2003;(1)wherein R represents a residue containing a substituted aromatic ring, and n represents any integer of 1 to 8; wherein R represents a residue containing a substituted aromatic ring, and n represents any integer of 1 to 8. In formulas (1) and (2), a residue R is as described in the specification.

Method of producing polyhydroxyalkanoate from alkane having residue containing aromatic ring in its molecule

A polyhydroxyalkanoate characterized by having in the molecule a unit represented by Chemical Formula (1):wherein n may assume any one integral value within the range of from 1 to 8. Also disclosed are a process for producing the polyhydroxyalkanoate by the use of a microorganism having the ability to produce the polyhydroxyalkanoate and accumulate it in the bacterial body; a charge control agent, a toner binder and a toner which contain this polyhydroxyalkanoate; and an image-forming method and an image-forming apparatus which make use of the toner.

POLYHYDROXYALKANOATE CONTAINING UNIT WITH PHENYLSULFANYL STRUCTURE IN THE SIDE CHAIN, PROCESS FOR ITS PRODUCTION, CHARGE CONTROL AGENT, TONER BINDER AND TONER WHICH CONTAIN NOVEL POLYHYDROXYALKANOATE, AND IMAGE-FORMING METHOD AND IMAGE-FORMING APPARATUS WHICH MAKE USE OF THE TONER

A polyhydroxyalkanoate that comprises a unit represented by the following chemical formula (1):wherein R1 is a substituent of an aromatic ring selected from the group consisting of H, CH, CH, CHCHCH, (CH)CH, (CH)C, a halogen atom, CN, NO, COOR', and SOR&#x2033;, wherein R&#x2032; is selected from the group consisting of H, Na, K, CH, and CH, and R&#x2033; is selected from the group consisting of OH, a halogen atom, ONa, OK, OCH, and OCH; and x represents an integer of 1 to 8 being the same or different each other in the polyhydroxyalkanoate. A method for producing the polyhydroxyalkanoate is also provided.

Polyhydroxyalkanoate that comprises unit having substituted or unsubstituted (phenylmethyl) sulfanyl structure in side chain thereof and process for producing the same

Provided is a polyhydroxyalkanoate containing in a molecule thereof one or more units each selected from the following formulae (1) (2), (3) and (4):

Polyhydroxyalkanoate, method of producing the same, charge controlling agent containing polyhydroxyalkanoate, toner binder and toner, and image formation method and image forming apparatus using toner

A polyhydroxyalkanoate comprises a unit of formula (1): &#x2014;(O&#x2014;CH((CH)SASOR)CHC(&#x2550;O))&#x2014; wherein R is selected from the group consisting of OH, a halogen atom, ONa, OK, OCHand OCH; A represents a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon structure; m is an integer number selected from 1 to 8; and in the case where a plurality of units exist in the same molecule, R, A and m in one unit can be different from them in another unit respectively. A method of producing the polyhydroxyalkanoate comprises the step of reacting a polyhydroxyalkanoate comprising a unit of formula (18): &#x2014;(O&#x2014;CH((CH)Br)CHC(&#x2550;O))&#x2014;, wherein m is an integer number selected from 1 to 8, and in the case where a plurality of units exist in the same molecule, m in one unit can be different from that in another unit, with at least one type of compounds of formula (19): HS-A-SORwherein Ris selected from the group consisting of OH, a halogen atom, ONa, OK, OCHand OCHand Ais a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon structure, and in the case where a plurality of types of compounds exist in the same molecule, Rand Ain one unit can be different from them in another unit respectively.

POLYHYDROXYALKANOATE HAVING AMIDE GROUP AND SULFONIC GROUP, METHOD OF PRODUCING THE SAME, CHARGE CONTROLLING AGENT CONTAINING NOVEL POLYHYDROXYALAKNAOTE, TONER BINDER, TONER, AND IMAGE FORMING APPARATUS USING THE TONER

The present invention provides a novel PHA comprising a unit containing thioether with high reactivity, and its production method. The present invention also provides polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) comprising units having defined chemical formulas (1) and (2), and at least one of four units having defined chemical formulas (3), (4), (5) and (6); its production method; a charge control agent containing the PHA; a toner binder containing the charge control agent; an electrostatic latent image developing toner; and an image forming method and an image forming apparatus using the electrostatic latent image developing toner.

Polyhydroxyalkanoate, its production method, charge control agent containing the polyhydroxyalkanoate, toner binder and toner, and image forming method and image forming apparatus using the toner

A method is provided which biosynthesizes a PHA having an epoxy group on a side chain with improved physicochemical properties. Specifically, a method of producing a polyester containing an epoxy group in a side chain thereof using alkene as a raw material is provided which comprises the steps of bringing alkene into contact with a microorganism having an ability to uptake alkene and convert it to a polyester and allowing the microorganism to convert the alkene into a polyester containing an epoxy group in a side chain thereof. Further, a method of producing a crosslinked polymer is provided which comprises reacting the polyester obtained by the above mentioned method with a diamine compound.

Production method of polyester containing epoxy group in side chain and production method of crosslinked polymer

A polyhydroxyalkanoate that comprises a unit represented by the following chemical formula (1):wherein x is an integer of 1 to 8 being the same or different in the polyhydroxyalkanoate. The microbial production process is also disclosed.

Polyhydroxyalkanoate that comprises unit having (methylsulfanyl) phenoxy structure in side chain thereof and process for producing the same

Microorganisms capable of producing novel polyalkanoates having 3-hydroxybenzoylalkanoic acids as monomer units by utilizing benzoylalkanoic acids as starting materials are cultured in media containing benzoylalkanoic acids and saccharides, and the polyhydroxyalkanoates produced in the culture cells are extracted and recovered.

Polyhydroxyalkanoate containing 3-hydroxybenzoylalkanoic acid as monomer unit, and method for producing the same

PHA containing a novel 3-hydroxy-thioalkanoic acid unit having a highly reactive thienyl group in a side chain thereof, and a method of producing the same are provided. Specifically, 5-(2-thienylsulfanyl) valeric acid represented by Chemical Formula [4] below and 6-(2-thienylsulfanyl) hexanoic acid represented by Chemical Formula [5] below are provided. Further, a method of producing PHA, comprising the step of collecting PHA from cells of a microorganism cultured in a medium containing the valeric acid or hexanoic acid, and a novel PHA represented by Chemical Formula [1] below are provided.(n denotes an integer of 1 to 9)

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Kanagawa, Japan

Etsuko Sugawa