Leybold Aktiengesellschaft

Leybold-heraeus Gmbh

Leybold Durferrit Gmbh

Other

Ald Vacuum Technologies Gmbh

Ald Vacuum Technologies Ag

Erwin Wanetzky

Franz Hugo

Albrecht Melber

Manfred Raschke

Fernand Kuhlmann

Wilfried Goy

Johannes Mosch

Helmut Teuschel

Dieter Uschkoreit

Paul Frankenbach

Method and apparatus for evaporating components of multiple substance mixtures and multiple substance systems

Apparatus and method for removing metal bases from glass bulbs such as fluorescent lamps for the salvaging of raw materials therein for reuse. The method comprises providing an inductive field coil about at least one end of the glass bulb having the metal base, heating the metal base by induction to expand and loosen the same, then gripping and pulling the metal base from the bulb. The bulb is kept intact for later salvaging operations such that the removed bases are uncontaminated by mercury. The apparatus can include non-magnetic grippers such as ceramic jaws for the gripping of the metallic bases.

Inductive base detachment method

In a process for cleaning oil-wetted structural parts, a vacuum furnace (1) is first evacuated to a defined first pressure to eliminate residual air. Then an inert gas is introduced until a second, subatmospheric pressure is reached, which is above the first pressure, and the inert gas is circulated inside the vacuum furnace. To reduce the heat-up times and to conserve energy and inert gas:

Process for cleaning oil-wetted parts

Materials containing vaporizable substances are exposed successively in at least two treatment chambers (10, 13, 14), which can be closed off with respect to each other, to a series of decreasing pressures and increasing temperatures. The vaporizable substances are exhausted separately from each treatment chamber (10, 13, 14) and at least partially condensed and collected. The solid materials are discharged from the last treatment chamber (14). The treatment chambers (10, 13, 14) can be closed off against each other, against the atmosphere, and against any other units which may be connected to them downline (17, 18) by vacuum valves (11, 12, 115, 16) and are connected to vacuum lines (10a, 13a, 14a) in which condensers (10b, 13b, 14b) and vacuum pumps (10c, 13c, 14c) are installed.

Method and apparatus for thermal treatment of materials containing

Apparatus for the cleaning, especially degreasing, of electrically conductive material (9), for example metal and/or ceramic turning chips and/or grinding sludges, under vacuum conditions, essentially consisting of a container (4) and at least two electrodes (4,5) which are connected to a power supply unit (8), the material (9) to be cleaned being heatable by the two electrodes (4,5) by direct passage of current.

Apparatus for degreasing electrically conductive material

Material containing organic substances including rubber, plastic, and lacquer is heated in a vacuum process chamber at subatmospheric pressure in a nonreactive atmosphere to a temperature of at least 200.degree. C., the gases and vapors thus formed are condensed in a condensate separator, and the condensate is captured and made available for reuse or disposal. The embrittled residues formed from these substances are crushed and the crushed residues are collected and made available for recycling or disposal. If metals are contained in the material, the residues are loosened, collected, and crushed. The process and the apparatus are suitable for recycling insulted wire, metal bonded to rubber, plastic containers decorated with pigments, motor vehicle steering wheels, workpiece hangers and tools coated with lacquer, poorly lacquered metal parts, tires and rubber pads of track-laying vehicles, and seals.

Method for recycling materials containing plastic, rubber or lacquer

A plunger charged as an electrode is received in a trough charged as a counter-electrode in order to heat material in the trough above the annealing temperature of metal material or the sintering temperature of ceramic-material. The trough and plunger are situated in a vacuum chamber separated from a condenser and pump stand by a valve. The plunger can be retracted into a cover of the chamber by a hydraulic drive on the cover. The cover, drive, and plunger are removable from the lower part of the chamber as a unit.

Method and apparatus for degreasing and compacting electrically

The parts are heated by conduction and radiation while the chamber is evacuated, whereupon the chamber is sealed air-tight and the parts are also heated by condensation of vapors from the grease and oil. When the parts reach a constant temperature the chamber is again evacuated, causing the temperature of the parts to drop as condensate thereon evaporates. Finally, the chamber is returned to atmospheric pressure and the cleaned parts are removed.

Method for cleaning material contaminated with greasy or oily substances

In a device for identifying the solid-liquid-interface of a melt while withdrawing the poured full ceramic mold 6 from the heater 7, 8 which at least partially encloses the casting mold 6, the mold 6 is at least partially enclosed by two receiving loops 4, 5 disposed in the inside of the heater 7, 8 and a polarizing transmitting loop 13; the induction or receiving loops 4, 5 are coupled with an electric evaluation circuit 9, 10, 11 and polarizing transmitting loop 13 which is connected to a transmitter 14 sends a signal into the casting mold 6 the level of which is sensed by the receiving loops 4, 5 and the so obtained signals create a value for the solidification of the melt in the casting mold 6 by determining the difference of inductivity between ordered, crystalline and disordered, liquid metal mass.

Device for identifying the solid-liquid interface of a melt

The invention relates to an induction melting furnace 1 for metals which are difficult to melt including an induction coil 2 surrounding the crucible 3 and a mold receptacle 4 surrounded by an annular chamber 5 to hold the cooling agent. The crucible 3 is disposed in a housing 7 provided with a vacuum connection 6. In order to improve the microporous nature, the melt contained in the mold receptacle 4 is compressed by means of a pressure which is build up in the mold receptacle 4 prior to the cooling.

Induction melting furnace

The invention concerns a method, equipment and a regulating means for use in recovering metal-carbide scrap by alloying. This is carried out by treating the scrap with a low melting point metal which brings the metal-carbide matrix into solution at temperature above the melting point of the alloy formed. The treatment is carried out in a container in the presence of inert gas, the pressure of which is gradually reduced following completion of the alloying process, the resultant metal vapor being condensed. To solve the problem of producing, in the resultant residue, a proportion of low melting point metal of less than 100 ppm and of preventing condensation of the metal vapors on the container, it is proposed in the invention that the metal-carbide scrap and the low melting point metal should be alloyed with each other in an inner chamber arranged within the container. The metal vapor and the inert gas are passed out of this inner chamber on to the condensation surfaces, and the inert gas, containing no metal vapors, is cycled by way of the inner chamber. The metal vapor then serves as a means for inducing flow of the inert gas.

Equipment and regulating means for recovering metal-carbide scrap by

The invention concerns a method, equipment and a regulating means for use in recovering metal-carbide scrap by alloying. This is carried out by treating the scrap with a low melting point metal which brings the metal-carbride matrix into solution at temperatures above the melting point of the alloy formed. The treatment is carried out in a container in the presence of inert gas, the pressure of which is gradually reduced following completion of the alloying process, the resultant metal vapor being condensed. To solve the problem of producing, in the resultant residue, a proportion of low melting point metal of less than 100 ppm and of preventing condensation of the metal vapors on the container, it is proposed in the invention that the metal-carbide scrap and the low melting point metal should be alloyed with each other in an inner chamber arranged within the container. The metal vapor and the inert gas are passed out of this inner chamber on to the condensation surfaces, and the inert gas, containing no metal vapors, is cycled by way of the inner chamber. The metal vapor then serves as a means for inducing flow of the inert gas.

Method for recovering metal-carbide scrap by alloying

The invention relates to a distillation and sublimation apparatus having a receiving vessel and a number of containers for the starting product. Each container has a bottom, an outer wall and an inner wall with a vapor duct, and the containers are stacked one upon the other in such manner that the vapor ducts are arranged in series. An annular space is present outside the stack of containers. The apparatus comprises a condenser into which the vapor duct of the bottom container discharges. For the purpose of solving the problem of preventing condensation of vapor on the receiving vessel, it is proposed, in accordance with the invention, that capillary gaps (28), which are open towards the receiving vessel (3), be present between the containers (26). Furthermore, the condenser (8) communicates with the annular space (10) by way of at least one return-flow orifice (19) for the gases. The arrangement is such that the annular space (10), the capillary gaps (28), the vapor ducts (26), the condenser (8) and the return-flow orifice or orifices (19) are parts of a closed gas-circulation path.

Growing community of inventors

Grosskrotzenburg, Germany

Erwin Wanetzky