The Singer Company

Other

Ernest C Wittke

Carol Zwick Rosen

A continuously variable transmission utilizes a cam loading device with a hydraulically controlled CVT of the metal V-belt type. The cam loading device applies an axial loading force to the pulley flanges in proportion to the output torque. A hydraulic mechanism positions the pulley flanges to compensate for the limited axial movement of the cam mechanism. A preload spring and hydraulic cushion provide a necessary preload while cushioning shock from reversal of torque. The loading force on the CVT is permitted to vary with the output torque to provide improved efficiency for a full range of automotive driving conditions.

Cam loaded continuously variable transmission

A piezoelectric sensing element is formed from bonding two piezoelectric layers with an intermediate metallic film. The intermediate metallic film is comprised of two separate films, which were sputtered onto the inner surfaces of the respective piezoelectric layers, which are then placed in contact with each other. The combination of piezoelectric layers and film is next heated at an elevated temperature for fusing the respective sputtered alloy films so that the piezoelectric layers are bonded into a piezo-pair sensor. The layers to be joined are chamfered so that the center electrode appears as a notch on the finished piezo-pair to allow a connection to the center electrode for poling and sensing.

Method for making piezoelectric sensing elements with gold-germanium

A method and apparatus for measuring a dynamic effect applied to a vibrating beam accelerometer. The apparatus analyzes a pair of frequencies related to natural frequency as a function of a force applied to a vibrating beam accelerometer producing f.sub.1 and f.sub.2 ; (f.sub.1.sup.2 -f.sub.2.sup.2) is computed to approximate ##EQU1##

Dynamic system analysis in a vibrating beam accelerometer

A CVT combined with a gearshift mechanism to permit shifting of power flow under conditions of zero load and synchronous speed. The CVT can adjust the output speed within a gear ratio without resetting of the CVT ratio during a shift. The full speed range of the CVT is matched by two planetary drivetrains having normal and inverted characteristics and driven by two shifting gearboxes. Input power is divided into three paths to drive a central CVT and the two shifting gearboxes. The output of one of the gear-boxes is clutched to the normal input of a compound planetary drivetrain and the output of the other gearbox is clutched to the inverted input of the compound planetary. The CVT is coupled to the sun gear input of the compound planetary with the output of the compound planetary providing the output of the gear-assisted CVT. Operation occurs with either of the two clutches engaged to a respective input but not both, so that each gearbox may be shifted when its output is disengaged. Continuous operation from full forward through zero to full reverse is achieved. A control mechanism is provided to attain the necessary synchronization of clutches and gearshifts for proper operation. The gearbox reduces the capacity requirements and energy losses of the CVT for a given overall output. The result is a transmission that utilizes the benefits of the CVT over the full speed range in which losses are reduced and capacity increased by the number of gear steps.

Gear assisted continuously variable transmission

An absolute digital clock system which is capable of counting absolute time despite the disruptive effects of a nuclear event, or other disturbance, on the electronic circuitry of the system. The clock system of the invention includes a master quartz crystal oscillator stage, and a string of counter stages connected thereto each including a binary counter for counting down from the frequency of the preceding stage to a lower frequency, and each including a crystal oscillator phase-locked with the binary counter and producing a signal at the lower frequency. During the period of time when the radiation level is too high for adequate electronic functioning, the quartz crystals in the master stage and subsequent counter stages continue to vibrate without significant loss of phase information due to the high mechanical inertia of the quartz crystals, and this mechanical inertia of the various crystals is used in the system of the invention to enable the system to continue to indicate absolute time despite an interruption of substantial length as compared with the period of vibration of the individual crystals.

Absolute digital clock system

A phase locked loop circuit employing a first edge detector consisting of an exclusive OR gate and flip flop circuit feeding by way of a NAND gate, an up counter and a second edge detector of like kind feeding also by way of a NAND gate into a down counter. Both counters feed into an added which provides a signal to a decoder representing the phase difference between the input phase and the output phase signal. The phase processing system provides positive rapid pull-in over the entire frequency range capability of the VCO, which allows narrow bandwidth loops to track rapid rates of frequency change without loss of lock and with great accuracy.

Phase detector for phase locked loops

A three-axis stellar sensor comprising a conventional stellar sensor for detecting the presence of light from a radiant body. The stellar sensor is mounted on a stable member located in a vehicle. The axis of the telescope of the sensor is parallel to a first line of sight to a first radiant body and a silvered mirror located at an angle of 45.degree. to the axis of the telescope provides a means to measure light from a second radiant body along a second line of sight 90.degree. displaced from the first line of sight. Additional means are provided to rotate and measure the mirror angle.

Three axis stellar sensor

A temperature compensation mechanism for a vibrating beam accelerometer comprising first and second bridge circuits. A quadrature signal is applied to the first bridge circuit containing the quartz crystal which pulls the resonant frequency of the quartz oscillator up or down depending upon the frequency shift caused by temperature variations.

Temperature compensated vibrating beam accelerometer

In a solid state star tracker of the type in which an array of image detectors is viewed and scanned with the video signals therefrom processed to determine star location, both horizontal and vertical location are determined using a crossover detector after the vertical information has been rotated or twisted to become horizontal information which can thereby be processed in the same manner as the horizontal information.

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West Caldwell, NJ, United States of America

Ernest C Wittke