Sanofi Pasteur Vaxdesign Corporation

Virginia Commonwealth University

Vaxdesign Corporation

Eric Mishkin

William L Warren

Donald Drake

Heather Fahlenkamp

Guzman Sanchez-Schmitz

Russell Higbee

John G Tew

Inderpal Singh

Haifeng Song

Janice Moser

Mohey Eldin M El Shikh

Michael D Rivard

Anatoly Kachurin

Conan Li

Luis Mosquera

Selva Sukumar

Santosh Pawar

Russel G Higbee

Mohey Eldin El Shikh

Donald Drake Iii

Mohey Edin El Shikh

Donald Iii Drake

Mohey Edin M El Shikh

The present invention relates to methods for preparing an artificial immune system. The artificial immune system comprises a cell culture comprising T cells, B cells and antigen-primed dendritic cells. The artificial immune system of the present invention can be used for in vitro testing of vaccines, adjuvants, immunotherapy candidates, cosmetics, drugs, biologics and other chemicals.

Methods for testing an immune response using cultures of T cells, B cells, dendritic cells and follicular dendritic cells

Methods for testing an immune response using cultures of T cells, B cells and dendritic cells

The present invention incorporates germinal centers (GCs) into three-dimensional (3D) engineered tissue constructs (ETCs). In an embodiment, we have incorporated the GC in the design of an artificial immune system (AIS) to examine immune responses to vaccines and other compounds. Development of an in vitro GC adds functionality to an AIS, in that it enables generation of an in vitro human humoral response by human B lymphocytes that is accurate and reproducible, without using human subjects. The invention also permits evaluation of, for example, vaccines, allergens, and immunogens, and activation of human B cells specific for a given antigen, which can then be used to generate human antibodies. In an embodiment of the present invention the function of the in vitro GC is enhanced by placing FDCs and other immune cells in a 3D ETC; FDCs appear more effective over a longer time (antibody production is sustained for up to about 14 days.

Methods for assaying responses to vaccines

The present invention relates to methods of constructing an integrated artificial immune system that comprises appropriate in vitro cellular and tissue constructs or their equivalents to mimic the tissues of the immune system in mammals. The artificial immune system can be used to test the efficacy of vaccine candidates and other materials in vitro and thus, is useful to accelerate vaccine development and testing drug and chemical interactions with the immune system, coupled with disease models to provide a more complete representation of an immune response.

Methods of evaluating a test agent in a diseased cell model

Methods of evaluating an immune response to an antigen

The present invention relates to methods for preparing an artificial immune system. The artificial immune system comprises a cell culture comprising a three-dimensional matrix comprising lymphoid tissue, a three-dimensional matrix comprising epithelial and/or endothelial cells, and diseased cells. The artificial immune system of the present invention can be used for in vitro testing of vaccines, adjuvants, immunotherapy candidates, cosmetics, drugs, biologics and other chemicals.

Disease model incorporation into an artificial immune system (AIS)

Method for determining the immunogenicity of an antigen

Co-culture lymphoid tissue equivalent (LTE) for an artificial immune system (AIS)

In vitro germinal centers

The present invention is directed to methods for constructing and using in vivo and in vitro models of aspects of human immunity and, in particular, construction of a human immune system model for the testing of, for example, vaccines, adjuvants, immunotherapy candidates, cosmetics, drugs, biologics and other chemicals. The present invention comprises both in vivo and in vitro models of aspects of human immunity that are useful for assessing the interaction of substances with the immune system, and thus can be used to accelerate and improve the accuracy and predictability of, for example, vaccine, drug, biologic, immunotherapy, cosmetic and chemical development. The invention is also useful for the generation of human monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies.

Models for vaccine assessment

Growing community of inventors

Winter Springs, FL, United States of America

Eric Mishkin