Battelle Energy Alliance, LLC

Battelle Memorial Institute

Eric J Dufek

Tedd Edward Lister

Luis A Diaz Aldana

Philip Keller

Gemma Clark

Jacob A Parkman

John Klaehn

Kevin L Gering

Ningshengjie Gao

Michael A Lilga

Mason K Harrup

Lucia M Petkovic

Aaron D Wilson

Prabhat K Tripathy

Harry W Rollins

J Stephen Herring

Birendra Adhikari

Joshua S McNally

Asanga B Padmaperuma

Guy Lawrence Fredrickson

Luis A Diaz-Aldana

Sergiy V Sazhin

Laura A Wurth

Bin Li

Ninshengjie Gao

Methods for diagnosing failure mechanisms and for predicting lifetime of metal batteries include monitoring rest voltage and Coulombic Efficiency over relatively few cycles to provide profiles that indicate, by the trends thereof, a particular failure mechanism (e.g., electrolyte depletion, loss of metal inventory, increased cell impedance). The methods also include cycling over relatively few cycles an anode-free cell, having the same cathode and electrolyte as the metal battery, but with a current collector instead of the anode. Discharge capacity is monitored and profiled, and a discharge capacity curve is fitted to the discharge capacity profile to discern a capacity retention per cycle. The lifetime of the metal battery is determined using the capacity retention per cycle discerned from the anode-free cell. Related systems include a metal-based battery and an anode-free cell or a battery cell reconfigurable between a metal-based and an anode-free cell.

Methods and systems for diagnosis of failure mechanisms and for prediction of lifetime of metal batteries

Systems and methods for coating a metallic component are provided. In one embodiment, a metallic coating may be disposed in a plating bath comprising AlBr3. The metallic coating may be coupled with, or configured as, a working electrode. A counter electrode formed of aluminum may be disposed within the plating bath. An electric current may be applied between the two electrodes resulting in the electrodeposition of aluminum on the metallic component. In one particular embodiment, the plating bath may include LiBr, KBr and CsBr, with AlBrbeing present in an amount of approximately 80 percent or greater by weight. Various types of metals may be coated with aluminum using embodiments of the present disclosure. Additionally, the methods and systems described herein are amenable to coating of complex geometries.

Methods and systems for aluminum electroplating

A method of recovering metals from electronic waste comprises providing a powder comprising electronic waste in at least a first reactor and a second reactor and providing an electrolyte comprising at least ferric ions in an electrochemical cell in fluid communication with the first reactor and the second reactor. The method further includes contacting the powders within the first reactor and the second reactor with the electrolyte to dissolve at least one base metal from each reactor into the electrolyte and reduce at least some of the ferric ions to ferrous ions. The ferrous ions are oxidized at an anode of the electrochemical cell to regenerate the ferric ions. The powder within the second reactor comprises a higher weight percent of the at least one base metal than the powder in the first reactor. Additional methods of recovering metals from electronic waste are also described, as well as an apparatus of recovering metals from electronic waste.

Reactor systems for recovering metals, and related methods

A method of electrochemically reducing COcomprises introducing a first feed stream comprising HO to a positive electrode of an electrolysis cell comprising the positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a proton conducting membrane. A second feed stream comprising a solvent and a non polar form of a switchable polarity material is directed into a COcapture apparatus. A third feed stream comprising COis directed into the COcapture apparatus to interact with the second feed stream and form a first product stream comprising the solvent and a polar form of the switchable polarity material. The first product stream is introduced to the negative electrode. A potential difference is applied between the positive electrode and the negative electrode to convert the polar form of the switchable polarity material into COand the non-polar form and to form products from the COand the solvent. A COtreatment system is also described.

Methods and systems for the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide using switchable polarity materials

Methods for recovering metals from electronic waste, and related systems

A phosphoranimine compound comprising a cationic portion bonded to a nitrogen atom of the phosphoranimine compound, a phosphorus atom bonded to the nitrogen atom, pendant groups bonded to the phosphorus atom, and a counterion. An electrolyte solution comprising at least one phosphoranimine compound is also disclosed, as is an energy storage device including the electrolyte solution.

Phosphoranimine compounds, electrolyte solutions including a phosphoranimine compound, and energy storage devices including same

A system and process are disclosed for electrochemically upgrading bio-oils and bio-crudes that enhance yields of selected reduction products for subsequent production of bio-based fuels.

System and process for electrochemical upgrading of bio-oils and biocrudes

Systems and methods for determining self-discharge currents in an energy storage cell and detecting internal shorts are disclosed. A system includes a DC voltage source configured to provide a constant test voltage selected to be less than an open-circuit voltage of an energy storage cell to the energy storage cell. The system also includes a current measuring device operably coupled between the DC voltage source and the energy storage cell, and control circuitry operably coupled to the current measuring device. A method includes applying the constant test voltage, and measuring the test current flowing between the DC voltage source and the energy storage cell until after the test current switches from a negative current to a positive current. The method also includes determining a self-discharge current of the energy storage cell by analyzing the measured test current with computational models that capture physical processes tied to the test methods.

Systems and related methods for determining self-discharge currents and internal shorts in energy storage cells

An electrolyte solution comprising at least one phosphoranimine compound and a metal salt. The at least one phosphoranimine compound comprises a compound of the chemical structure where X is an organosilyl group or a tert-butyl group and each of R, R, and Ris independently selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group, or an aryloxy group. An energy storage device including the electrolyte solution is also disclosed.

Electrolyte solutions including a phosphoranimine compound, and energy storage devices including same

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Ammon, ID, United States of America

Eric J Dufek