Georgetown University

National Technology & Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC

Abqmr, Inc.

Eric G Sorte

YuYe J Tong

Todd M Alam

Mark S Conradi

De-Jun Chen

Brennan J Walder

Provided are batteries and fuel cells incorporating a stripline detector for use in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The stripline batteries and fuel cells can be used for in situ NMR measurement of battery or fuel cell chemistry. Also provided are methods for measuring in situ battery and fuel cell NMR using the stripline batteries and fuel cells of the invention.

Stripline detector for in situ battery and fuel cell NMR

Electrochemical devices with metal casings have been considered incompatible with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy because the oscillating magnetic fields ('rf fields') responsible for excitation and detection of NMR active nuclei do not penetrate metals. According to the present invention, rf fields can still efficiently penetrate into nonmetallic layers of electrochemical cells (such as a coin cell battery configuration) provided the magnetic field is oriented tangentially to the electrochemical cell electrodes in a 'skimming' orientation. As an example, noninvasive high field in situLi andF NMR of an unmodified commercial off-the-shelf rechargeable coin cell was demonstrated using a traditional external NMR coil setup. The in operando NMR measurements revealed that irreversible physical changes accumulate at the anode during electrochemical cycling.

Probe for operando in situ electrochemical nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

A rotating dual-electrode infrared cell for in situ electrochemical attenuated-total-reflection infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IRS) comprising:

Dual in situ infrared spectroscopy for fuel cells

A system for carrying out electrochemical nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (EC-NMR) is disclosed, along with methods of manufacturing the EC-NMR system, and methods of using the EC-NMR system to monitor electrochemical reactions. The system comprises interdigitated electrodes arranged in a cylindrically symmetric manner. The system allows for nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to be carried out on a sample during electrolysis with minimal effect to its sensitivity.

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Washington, DC, United States of America

Eric G Sorte