Google Inc.

Eric Christopher Rollins

Radek Vingralek

Sukhdeep S Sodhi

Jeffrey Shute

Ian Rae

Arash Baratloo

Benjamin J Young

Daniel Virabott Phang

This disclosure provides systems and methods for updating database servers with schema changes to avoid concurrency anomalies. The system may receive a snapshot of a table to be updated with a new schema, wherein the snapshot is taken at a given time, and wherein the table includes a number of rows. The system may then read each row from the snapshot and read each row from the table to be updated at a second time. The system may then compare the rows read from the snapshot to the rows read from the table at the second time. Furthermore, the system may determine, based on the comparison, the rows from the snapshot that have not changed between the given time and the second time. The system may then write the rows that have not changed to the table to be updated.

Systems and methods for asynchronous schema changes

A set of one or more candidate parameters associated with a content item is identified. A subset of the one or more candidate parameters is determined. Performance statistics associated with the one or more candidate parameters in the subset are monitored, and the set of one or more candidate parameters or the subset of the one or more candidate parameters are modified based on the performance statistics.

Content item parameter filter

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Mountain View, CA, United States of America

Eric Christopher Rollins