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Rheinische Braunkohlenwerke Ag

Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft

Erhard Wolfrum

Georg Strauss

Willi Portz

Hans-Joachim Kersting

Rolf A Sieglen

Dietrich Bocker

Wolfgang Faber

Reiner Konig

Manfred Erken

An apparatus for preparing samples taken from a flow of bulk material for the purposes of determining representative chemical and/or physical characteristics of the sampled material. The sampled material is removed in the form of a mix of fine and coarser particles of dust from the flow of bulk material by way of a suction conduit. The sample-preparing apparatus is positioned at a spacing from the intake opening of the suction conduit and at a spacing from the flow of bulk material, and comprises a first housing accommodating a first hollow strainer and a second housing downstream of the first housing and accommodating a second hollow strainer. Outside the second strainer, the second housing is communicated with a reduced pressure source for producing the suction effect to transport the dust particles of the sampled material through the two housings and, insofar as the grain size of the dust particles permits, also through the two strainers. The first strainer defines the upper separation cut-off limit of the relevant grain fraction required for analysis, and the second strainer defines the lower separation cut-off limit of the relevant grain fraction.

Apparatus for preparing samples from a flow of bulk material

A process is provided for removing noxious pollutants containing sulfur and/or fluorine compounds from gaseous or liquid media by adsorption of the compounds on coke. The coke is produced by conventional processes from lignite (brown coal) containing alkaline ash compounds, particularly CaO and MgO as well as possibly Na.sub.2 O, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and K.sub.2 O. The coke with adsorbed sulfur and/or fluorine pollutants is incinerated at temperatures selected from 700.degree. C. and 1050.degree. C. such that the pollutants combine chemically with the alkaline ash compounds so that the pollutants become bound in the coke ash rather than being emitted to the environment in the combustion gases.

Process for removing noxious substances containing fluorine and/or

The invention relates to a process for making calcium carbide by reacting an excess of coke with quicklime in the presence of oxygen in an oxygen-thermal furnace. To this end, the invention provides for precrushed coal to be used as starting material for coke and precrushed lime hydrate (Ca(OH).sub.2) or precrushed limestone (CaCO.sub.3) to be used as a starting material for quicklime. The precrushed materials are mixed and the resulting mixture is introduced into a drying zone and freed therein at 80.degree. to 120.degree. C. from adhering water. Next, the warm mixture coming from the drying zone, and air, are introduced into a calcining apparatus in which the coal constituent is coked and the lime constituent is simultaneously dehydrated or decarbonized, at temperatures of 900.degree. to 1400.degree. C. The thermally-pretreated mixture of starting materials with an inherent temperature of 900.degree. to 1000.degree. C. is then directly introduced into the oxygen-thermal furnace and reacted with oxygen to calcium carbide.

Production of calcium carbide

At least a portion of coke produced in a hearth-type furnace is fed into an activation reactor, and at least a portion of the waste gas from the hearth-type furnace is fed to the activation reactor to act as a heating gas and/or an activation gas for the coke feed. Hot waste gas from the activation reactor is passed to a waste-heat boiler. Active coke which has at least partially lost its adsorption capacity may be fed into the furnace in mixture with the coal or alone, or it may be fed directly into the activation reactor for re-activation of the coke.

Method and apparatus for producing active coke

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Duren, Germany

Erhard Wolfrum