Georgia Tech Research Corporation

Other

Elias N Glytsis

Thomas K Gaylord

James D Meindl

Paul Albert Kohl

Stephen M Schultz

Emmanuel Anemogiannis

Donald D Davis

Muhannad S Bakir

Hollie K Reed

Kevin F Brennan

Tony Mule&prime;

Chirag Suryakant Patel

Gregory Douglas VanWiggeren

Kevin P Martin

Gregory D Van Wiggeren

Tony Mule′

Gregory H Henderson

Charles W Roberts

Nile F Hartman

William E Baird

Lawrence C West

Agnes M Padovani

Ricardo Villalaz

M Gamal Moharam

Gregory N Henderson

Moses T Asom

Sue Ann B Allen

The present invention relates to a type of optical fiber grating having an azimuthal refractive-index perturbation. The optical fiber includes a fiber grating that has a plurality of grating elements formed therein. At least one of the grating elements has a spatially varying index of refraction that varies azimuthally about the centerline of the optical fiber. The fiber grating acts as a band-stop optical spectral filter. In addition, since fiber-cladding modes are weakly-guided modes, their power can be easily dissipated by scattering, bending, stretching, and/or rotating the optical fiber. Multiple configurations of these gratings within an optical fiber are given. Methodologies are given for the fabrication of these gratings. Devices are presented which can dynamically attenuate, tune, switch, or modulate the wavelength spectral characteristics of an optical signal.

Optical fiber gratings with azimuthal refractive index perturbation

Wafer-level electronic packages having waveguides and methods of fabricating chip-level electronic packages having waveguides are disclosed. A representative chip-level electronic package includes at least one waveguide having a waveguide core. In addition, another representative chip-level electronic package includes a waveguide having an air-gap cladding layer around a portion of the waveguide core. A representative method for fabricating a chip-level electronic package includes: providing a substrate having a passivation layer disposed on the substrate; disposing a waveguide core on a portion of the passivation layer; disposing a first sacrificial layer onto at least one portion of the passivation layer and the waveguide core; disposing an overcoat layer onto the passivation layer and the first sacrificial layer; and removing the first sacrificial layer to define an air-gap cladding layer within the overcoat polymer layer and around a portion of the waveguide core.

Guided-wave optical interconnections embedded within a microelectronic wafer-level batch package

Waveguides and methods of fabrication thereof are presented. A representative waveguide includes a waveguide core and a cladding layer, where the cladding layer surrounds the waveguide core. The waveguide core and cladding can be made of a host material having a plurality of nano-pores, wherein the nano-pores include a sacrificial material, and the sacrificial material can be selectively decomposed in both the core and cladding layers to form a plurality of nano air-gaps.

Optical waveguides formed from nano air-gap inter-layer dielectric materials and methods of fabrication thereof

The present invention relates to a type of optical fiber grating having an azimuthal refractive-index perturbation. The optical fiber includes a fiber grating that has a plurality of grating elements formed therein. At least one of the grating elements has a spatially varying index of refraction that varies azimuthally about the centerline of the optical fiber. The fiber grating acts as a band-stop optical spectral filter. In addition, since fiber-cladding modes are weakly-guided modes, their power can be easily dissipated by scattering, bending, stretching, and/or rotating the optical fiber. Multiple configurations of these gratings within an optical fiber are given. Devices are presented which can dynamically attenuate, tune, switch, or modulate the wavelength spectral characteristics of an optical signal.

Optical fiber gratings with azimuthal refractive index perturbation and devices for tuning, attenuating, switching, and modulating optical signals

Optical fiber gratings with azimuthal refractive index perturbation, method of fabrication, and devices for tuning, attenuating, switching, and modulating optical signals

Waveguides having air-gap cladding layers and methods of fabricating waveguides having air-gap cladding layers are disclosed. A representative waveguide includes a waveguide core having an air-gap cladding layer engaging a portion of the waveguide core. In addition, a representative method of fabricating a waveguide having an air-gap cladding layer includes: providing a substrate having a lower cladding layer disposed on the substrate; disposing a waveguide core on a portion of the lower cladding layer; disposing a sacrificial layer onto at least one portion of the lower cladding layer and the waveguide core; disposing an overcoat layer onto the lower cladding layer and the sacrificial layer; and removing the sacrificial layer to define an air-gap cladding layer within the overcoat polymer layer and engaging a portion of the waveguide core.

Optical waveguides with embedded air-gap cladding layer and methods of fabrication thereof

Optical interconnect layers and methods of fabrication thereof are described. In addition, the optical interconnect layers integrated into devices such as backplane (BP), printed wiring board (PWB), and multi-chip module (MCM) level devices are described. A representative optical interconnect layer includes a first cladding layer, a second cladding layer, one or more waveguides having a waveguide core and an air-gap cladding layer engaging a portion of waveguide core, wherein the first cladding layer and the second cladding layer engage the waveguide.

Backplane, printed wiring board, and/or multi-chip module-level optical interconnect layer having embedded air-gap technologies and methods of fabrication

The present invention entails a phase mask for producing a plurality of volume gratings for use as optical couplers and method for creating the phase mask. The phase mask is produced by creating a plurality of volume gratings having predetermined characteristics which allow the phase mask, when excited by a coherent light wave, to produce a plurality of volume gratings in a recording material.

Phase mask consisting of an array of multiple diffractive elements for simultaneous accurate fabrication of large arrays of optical couplers and method for making same

An apparatus for measuring environmental parameters comprising an optical fiber-based sensor having thermally-induced diffraction gratings therein which are stable at very high temperatures for many hours. The diffraction gratings are, preferably, formed in an optical fiber by exposure to light from an infrared laser and do not degrade at high temperatures. A system for measuring an environmental parameter includes an optical fiber-based sensor, a light source, and a detector. According to a method of measuring an environmental parameter, the optical fiber-based sensor is positioned within a high-temperature environment having a parameter desired for measurement. The light source directs light into the optical fiber-based sensor. The detector measures the differential diffraction of the light output from the optical fiber-based sensor and determines a value of the environmental parameter based, at least in part, upon a known correlation between the differential diffraction and the environmental parameter.

Very-high-temperature-stable fiber grating-based sensor

The present invention entails a volume grating for use as an optical coupler and method for creating the same which comprises a predetermined surface grating pattern having a decreasing surface grating period along a waveguide light propagation direction in the volume grating with a plurality of slanted grating fringes having a variable slant angle along the waveguide light propagation direction to focus coupled light in a first dimension with a predetermined light intensity profile along a grating-cover interface plane of the volume grating. In addition, the predetermined surface grating pattern further includes an increasing radius of curvature along the waveguide light propagation direction to focus the light in a second dimension. The present invention further comprises a system and method for designing the volume grating, as well as a system and method for designing an apparatus for fabricating the volume grating.

Diffractive grating coupler and method

A solid state, electronic, optical transition device includes a multiple-layer structure of semiconductor material which supports substantially ballistic electron/hole transport at energies above/below the conduction/valance band edge. The multiple layer structure of semiconductor material includes a Fabry-Perot filter element for admitting electrons/holes at a first quasibound energy level above/below the conduction/valance band edge, and for depleting electrons/holes at a second quasibound energy level which is lower/higher than the first energy level. Such an arrangement allows common semiconductor material to be used to produce emitters and detectors and other devices which can operate at any of selected frequencies over a wide range of frequencies.

Semiconductor devices based on optical transitions between quasibound

A solid state, quantum mechanical electron/hole wave device in the form of a switch or multiplexor includes a layer of semiconductor material supporting substantially ballistic electron/hole transport and a periodic grating structure formed in the layer of semiconductor material, with the grating structure comprising a modulation in electron/hole potential energy and/or effective mass. Preferably, means are provided for applying and varying the grating modulation. By constructing the device to divide the input substantially completely into two output beams (to operate in the Bragg regime), a useful switch is provided. Likewise, by constructing the device to divide the input into a selected number of three or more output beams (to operate in the Raman-Nath regime), a useful multiplexor is provided.

Quantum mechanical semiconductor device with electron/hole diffractive

A method of forming an antireflection rectangular-groove surface-relief grating on a lossy substrate exposed to incident waves of transverse electric or transverse magnetic or combination of polarizations and any angle of incidence in a lossless medium. The required thickness and complex refractive index of a single homogeneous layer on a lossy substrate to produce zero reflectivity is first computed using an impedance matching approach. The filling factor and groove depth of the rectangular groove surface-relief grating that is equivalent to the single homogeneous layer in the long-wavelength limit are then calculated. The surface-relief grating is then formed on the lossy substrate by reactive ion etching, electron beam lithography, or holography.

Technique for producing antireflection grating surfaces on dielectrics,

Continuously tunable, biased, semiconductor superlattice electron interference filter/emitter which can serve, for example, as a hot electron emitter in a ballistic transistor, provides energy selectivity for substantially ballistic electron wave propagation at electron energies above the superlattice potential barriers. The layers of the biased superlattice have alternatively high and low electron refractive indices wherein each layer is a quarter or half of an electron wavelength in thickness and wherein the quantum well barrier widths are adjusted in the direction of emission to provide the desired energy selectivity.

Growing community of inventors

Dunwoody, GA, United States of America

Elias N Glytsis