Nippon Oil Company

Nippon Oil Corporation

Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd.

Eiji Yoda

Yutaka Otsuki

Hitoshi Yuasa

Toru Nakamura

Takehiro Toyooka

Haruyoshi Sato

Tetsuya Uesaka

Takuya Matsumoto

Masayuki Ando

Hiroyoshi Omika

Tadahiro Kaminade

Yukio Yamasita

Norikatsu Ono

Teruhisa Kuroki

A transflective liquid crystal display has a first substrate having a transparent electrode, a second substrate having a transflective electrode, a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first and second substrates, a first optical anisotropic element arranged on the first substrate, and a second optical anisotropic element arranged on the second substrate and having a liquid crystal film. An angle within the range of 0 to 30 degrees is formed by a tilt direction defined by a projection direction of a director of a liquid crystalline polymer molecule on a surface of the liquid crystal film to which an angle of the director of the liquid crystalline polymer molecule is smaller and a pre-tilt direction defined by a projection direction of a director of a liquid crystalline molecule on an interface between liquid crystal of the liquid crystal layer and a surface of the first substrate.

Translucent reflective liquid crystal display

A transflective liquid crystal display has a liquid crystal cell having a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between a pair of transparent substrates each provided with an electrode. A first polarizer is disposed on a viewer's side of the cell. At least one optical retardation compensator is disposed between the polarizer and the cell. A transflector is disposed behind the viewer's side of the liquid crystal layer. A circular polarizer is provided behind the viewer's side of the transflector. The circular polarizer comprises a second polarizer and an optical anisotropic element having a phase difference of approximately &#xbc; wavelength in the visible light region. The optical anisotropic element has a liquid crystal film with a fixed nematic hybid orientation structure and a stretched film.

Circular polarization plate and liquid crystal display device

A liquid crystal display device having improved and broadened viewing angle characteristics. The device includes a liquid crystal cell of the twisted nematic type for driving sandwiched by a pair of upper and lower polarizing plates in which at least one compensating film is inserted between the liquid crystal cell and the upper polarizing plate or between the liquid crystal cell and the lower polarizing plate. Alternatively, two compensating films are respectively inserted between the liquid crystal cell and the upper polarizing plate and between the liquid crystal cell and the lower polarizing plate. The compensating film consists essentially of a liquid crystalline polymer showing optically a positive uniaxiality, the liquid crystalline polymer being fixed in a nematic hybrid orientational order. The device is further characterized by an angle between a tilt direction of the compensating film and a pretilt direction on a liquid crystal cell substrate opposed to a substrate for the liquid crystal cell for driving closest to the compensating film in the range of 165.degree. and 195.degree. C.

Liquid crystal display device provided with a liquid crystalline

A method for producing a color filter involves (A) forming a photosensitive coating film on at least a transparent electrically conductive layer of a substrate having both the transparent electrically conductive layer and a light-intercepting layer on its outermost surface, and exposing the photosensitive coating film to light in a first irradiation amount through a mask having a predetermined pattern of a certain light transmittance and at least once displacing the mask to another position on the photosensitive coating film and exposing the photosensitive coating film to light in a second irradiation amount different from the first irradiation amount through the mask; and (B) developing and removing a photosensitive coating film portion exposed to light in one of smallest and largest irradiation amounts for exposing the transparent electrically conductive layer and electrodepositing a colored coating on the exposed electrically conductive layer for forming a colored layer thereon, operation of developing and removing the photosensitive coating film and electrodepositing the colored coating being sequentially repeated for the respective irradiation amounts where the sequence of repetition is selected from the group consisting of increasing irradiation amount and decreasing irradiation amount to form different colored layers, respectively.

Method for producing a color filter with a photosensitive coating film

A method for producing a color filter involves (a) forming a positive photosensitive coating film on a transparent electrically conductive layer of a transparent substrate; (b) forming a light-irradiated region where a light irradiation amount is different in two steps; (c) developing a larger light-irradiated portion to lay-open the transparent electrically conductive layer followed by electrodepositing a light shielding layer thereon; (d) forming on the positive photosensitive coating film undeveloped in the step (c) a light-irradiated region where a light irradiation amount is different in two steps; (e) developing a larger light-irradiated portion of the photosensitive coating film to lay-open the transparent electrically conductive layer followed by electrodepositing a colored coating thereon; (f) forming on the positive photosensitive coating film undeveloped in the step (e) a light-irradiated region where a light irradiation amount is different in at least three steps; and (g) developing the photosensitive coating film to lay-open the transparent electrically conductive layer followed by electrodepositing a colored coating thereon, operation of the developing and electrodepositing being sequentially repeated at least twice in decreasing light irradiation amounts.

Method for producing color filter

A positive photosensitive resin composition contains 50 to 95 parts by weight of a resin (a) composed of a high molecular compound (A) having a molecular weight of 300 to 30,000 and an iodine value of 50 to 500 and containing carbon-carbon double bonds and a group represented by the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 denotes a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms and X denotes a hydrogen atom or a bond, on the proviso that if X denotes the bond, a carbon atom linked to R.sub.1 and a carbon atom linked to a hydrogen atom together form a portion of a main chain of the high molecular compound (A), and a group represented by the formula (II) ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 and X denote the same as above, and R.sub.2 denotes an alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl group, and 5 to 50 parts by weight of a compound (b) containing quinone diazide groups.

Positive photosensitive resin composition comprising a polymer having

A method for producing a color filter involves (A) forming a photosensitive coating film on at least a transparent electrically conductive layer of a first substrate having both the transparent electrically conductive layer and a light-intercepting layer on its surface or a second substrate having the transparent electrically conductive layer on its outermost surface and a light-intercepting layer between the second substrate and the transparent electrically conductive layer and exposing the photosensitive coating film through a mask having patterns of at least three different degrees of light transmittances, and (B) developing and removing a photosensitive coating film region corresponding to a pattern having smallest degree of light transmittance or a pattern having largest degree of light transmittance for exposing the transparent electrically conductive layer and electrodepositing a colored coating on the exposed transparent electrically conductive layer for forming a colored layer thereon, operation of developing and removing the photosensitive coating film and electrodepositing the colored coating being sequentially repeated for the respective patterns having different degrees of light transmittances where the sequence of repetition is of increasing light transmittance or decreasing light transmittance.

A positive type photoresist composition contains (a) 100 parts by weight of a resin which is a polymer compound (A) including carbon-carbon double bonds and having a molecular weight of 300 to 30,000 and an iodine value of to 500. To at least a part of the double bonds of the polymer compound (A), a group represented by the formula (I) is introduced ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 denotes a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms and R.sup.2 denotes an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group or an aryl group, The composition further contains (b) 25 to 100 parts by weight of a compound containing a quinone diazide unit.

Positive type photoresist composition comprising a polymer having

A positive type photosensitive resin composition contains (a) a quinone diazido phenolic resin represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 is a bivalent hydrocarbon residue having 5 to 16 carbon atoms provided that groups bound to R.sup.2 do not bind with the same carbon atom of R.sup.2, D.sup.1, D.sup.2 and D.sup.3 and are the same or different groups and each represent a hydrogen atom or a quinone diazido unit represented by ##STR2## provided that a molar ratio of the hydrogen atom to the quinone diazido unit is 0 to 10, m is a number of 0 to 10, n is a number of 1 or 2, and l.sub.1, l.sub.2 and l.sub.3 are the same or different numbers and each represent a number of 1 to 3; and (b) an alkali-soluble resin.

Positive type photosensitive quinone diazide phenolic resin composition

A resin composition for forming a durable protection coating contains (A) an alkali-soluble resin which is a polymer of a conjugated diene and has a monoamidated succinic acid group represented by the following formula (I) of: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each stand for a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or an organic residue having 1 to 3 carbon atoms; and R.sup.3 stands for an organic residue having 1 to 16 carbon atoms; (B) a pre-polymer having a photosensitive ethylenic double bond; and (C) a photopolymerization initiator. The mixing ratio by weight of the alkali-soluble resin (A) to the pre-polymer (B) ranges from 1:4 to 4:1. A process for preparing the durable protection coating contains applying the resin composition on a substrate, and exposing the resin composition to ultraviolet ray through a circuit pattern mask to cure the resin composition followed by development and after-curing to form the protection coating.

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Eiji Yoda