Konica Corporation

Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd.

Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha

Eiichi Sakai

Toshinori Yamazaki

Hiroyuki Nomori

Kenichi Yasuda

Yoshiaki Takei

Yohko Kitahara

Hiroaki Minemura

Fumitaka Mochizuki

Tatsuo Nakanishi

Yoshihide Fujimaki

Satoru Ikeuchi

Norio Takeuchi

Yuki Okuyama

Kouki Asari

Izuru Naitou

Yutaka Shimawaki

Koichi Kudoh

Masaru Sano

Okushi Okuyama

Hiromichi Mori

Tadasu Ichino

In a moving body satellite communication apparatus for performing communication with a satellite by an antenna with a radome mounted on a moving body such as an aircraft, loss due to transmission through the radome, and distortion of polarization characteristics are compensated in the inside of the antenna. Variable phase shiftersandand variable attenuatorsand, and variable phase shiftersandand variable attenuatorsandare respectively controlled as one body in each channel, and the whole power EIRP radiated from the antenna is also optimally controlled by a common variable attenuatorinserted independently from the variable attenuatorsand, and therefore, radome correction and EIRP control can be simultaneously realized by a relatively simple circuit.

Mobile satellite communication system

Disclosed is an electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising an insulating support and provided thereon, a conductive layer, an intermediate layer and a photosensitive layer, wherein said conductive layer has a work function W (eV), said intermediate layer has an ionization potential Ip (eV) and a relationship between the work function W (eV) and the ionization potential Ip (eV) satisfies Formula 1:

Electrophotographic photoreceptor

An electrophotographic photoreceptor containing an intermediate layer provide between a support and a photosensitive layer is disclosed. The intermediate layer contains at least one of an organic metal compound and a silane coupling agent or a product therefrom and its membranaceous index is 0.5 or more and 10 or less. The electrophotographic photoreceptor has low residual potential wherein no image defects such as spotting are caused over a long period of use.

A photoreceptor for electrophotography is disclosed. The photoreceptor has an electroconductive substrate, and an interlayer and a photoconductive layer provided on the substrate in this order from the substrate; the electroconductive substrate has a ten-point mean roughness R.sub.z of from 0.5 .mu.m to 4.0 .mu.m; and the interlayer comprises a reaction product of an organic metal compound with a formula (RO).sub.m MX.sub.n and a silane coupling agent. The average thickness L of the interlayer and the ten-point mean roughness of the surface of said substrate satisfy the following requirement:

Electrophotographic photoreceptor with specific interlayer

The control of a mirror's shape, such as for use in large reflecting telescopes, is associated with discrete points so as to avoid incurring constraints and exerting undesirable stress on the reflecting mirror through control unrelated to the mechanical characteristics. Thus, a reflecting mirror is approximated by a non-constrained circular plate having a similar mechanical structure, and an eigenfunction value arithmetic unit calculates values of Bessel-Fourier functions which are eigenfunctions of free vibrations of the circular plate. Using these function values, a mode displacement identification unit approximates a required mirror displacement, which is necessary to correct for wavefront distortion, with a linear combination up to a prescribed mode of vibration of the eigenfunction. A support mechanism command unit controls an actuator so that the value of the linear combination function equals the amount of mirror displacement at a position supported by a reflecting mirror support mechanism.

Shape control apparatus for reflecting mirrors

An electrophotographic photoreceptor is disclosed. The photoreceptor has an interlayer and a photosensitive layer provided on a conductive support, in which the interlayer comprising: an alkoxy metallic chelate compound of titanium or aluminum having a chelate group of acetoacetic ester or .beta.-diketone; and a silane coupling reagent having an organic functional group, the end of which is methacryloxy or amino group. A method of forming an electrophotographic image is also disclosed.

A patch image is formed on the photoreceptor under a patch image forming condition which is different from a recording image forming condition. The recording image forming condition is controlled by adjusting at least one of a charging device, a developing device and an electric bias in accordance with the density of the patch image.

Image forming apparatus

An image forming apparatus, such as a copier and a printer, for forming a toner image on a recording sheet. The apparatus includes: a photoreceptor for holding the toner image; an image exposure driver for forming a latent image on the photoreceptor; a developer for developing the latent image with a toner so that the toner image is formed on the surface of the photoreceptor; a transferrer for transferring the toner image from the surface of the photoreceptor to the recording sheet; a scraping blade for scraping off a residual toner on the surface of the photoreceptor after the toner image is transferred from the surface to the recording sheet; a toner collection chanber for collecting the residual toner; a toner guide roller for conveying the residual toner from the scraping blade to the toner collecting chanber; in which the toner guide roller is urged onto the surface of the photoreceptor, and the toner guide roller has a surface made of an open-cell cellular material having a pore size between 1 .mu.m and 50 .mu.m.

Toner guide roller for image-forming process and apparatus applied

An electrophotographic photoreceptor is disclosed. The material comprises a conductive support and, provided thereon, an undercoat layer, a carrier generating layer and a carrier transport layer in this order, wherein said undercoat layer contains an N-alkoxylated polyamide copolymer or N-alkylated polyamide copolymer a unit represented by the following Formula 1:

Electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising an undercoat layer

An electrophotographic photoreceptor is disclosed, which is improved in layer casting property, mechanical strength and scratch and abrasion resistance, and also improved in electric property in repetitive use. The photoreceptor is comprised of a support having thereon a photoreceptive layer, and a surface portion of the layer, which is outermost from the support, contains a polycarbonate having at least one of principal repetition units represented by the following formulas I and II, and a compound having a hindered phenol structural unit in the molecules thereof; ##STR1##

Polycarbonate-containing photoreceptors containing a hindered phenol

An electrophotographic image forming method is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of developing an electrostatic image formed on an image-forming member with a particulate toner for forming a toner image and transferring said toner image onto a receiving material, in which the image-forming member has a surface-improving layer comprised principally of amorphous silicon, and the toner has a weight average particle size within the range of from 1 .mu.m to 6 .mu.m and contains a constituent having a weight average particle size of not more than 5 .mu.m which accounts for not less than 20% by weight of the whole amount of the toner. An electrophotographic copy bearing a high-resolution and high-quality image can be stably obtained by this method.

Imaging member having an amorphous silicon surface layer

Disclosed is a photoreceptor which comprises a charge generation layer composed of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of amorphous hydrogenated silicon, amorphous fluorinated silicon and amorphous hydrofluorinated silicon, a charge transport layer formed on a lower surface of said charge generation layer and composed of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of amorphous hydrogenated silicon nitride, amorphous fluorinated silicon nitride, amorphous hydrofluorinated silicon nitride, amorphous hydrogenated silicon carbide, amorphous fluorinated silicon carbide and amorphous hydrofluorinated silicon carbide, and a substrate, wherein said charge transport layer contains oxygen within the range of from 50 atomic ppm to 5 atomic % based on the total atoms of silicon, nitrogen and carbon. The photoreceptor of this invention can be improved in the electrophotographic characteristics greatly with reduction of dependency on temperature by making the oxygen content in the charge transport layer 50 atomic ppm to 5 atomic %.

Multilayer photoreceptor

A photosensitive member wherein a charge transporting layer, a charge generating layer, and a surface modifying layer are laminated on a retainer. The charge transporting layer is prepared from one selected from a group of a-SiC:H, a-SiC:F, a-SiC:H:F, a-SiN:H, a-SiN:F, and a-SiN:H:F, the charge generating layer is prepared from one selected from a group of a-Si:H, a-Si:F and a-Si:H:F; and the surface modifying layer is prepared from one selected from a group of a-SiC:H, a-SiC:F, a-SiC:H:F, a-SiN:H, a-SiN:F and a-SiN:H:F. The surface modifying layer contains 1.about.50 atomic % of oxygen, 100 atomic % in total of Si, C (or N) and 0 atoms.

Multi-layered electrophotographic photosensitive member having amorphous

A process for producing a photoreceptor is disclosed. A gaseous compound of the constituent materials of the photoreceptor is decomposed by glow discharge in the presence of a metal, thereby forming a constituent layer containing atoms and or ions of the metal.

Growing community of inventors

Hachioji, Japan

Eiichi Sakai