Tii Corporation

Other

Tii Corporation (telecommunications Industries, Inc.)

Edward T Armstrong

A process wherein air, oxygen-enriched gas, or oxygen is ozonated by an ozone generator operating at reduced flow rate with the result being an increased concentration of ozone being produced. The ozone is fed to a fluid dispersing system containing a flat plate orifice which creates a downstream vena contracta. Addition of the ozonated gas into the vena contracta produces a highly efficient mixing device.

System for pollution suppression

An apparatus for the treatment of purification of a fluid by treatment with a treating fluid in a flow pipe. The flow pipe has a flat plate orifice located therein, which orifice has an internal diameter of from about 0.7 to about 0.9 of the internal diameter of the pipe. A vena contracta portion is located in the flow pipe at a distance of from 0.25 to 0.5 pipe diameters downstream from said flat plate orifice. An injection nozzle for introducing the treating fluid into the flow pipe extends through the flat plate orifice with the tip of the injection nozzle being located in the vena contracta portion so that the fluid is thoroughly treated by the treating fluid.

A rotary distributor arm comprising improved distribution nozzles and flow control accomplished by a gradual taper of the arm itself is defined which ensures a uniform flow distribution across the full radius of the distributing medium so that uniformity and optimum economy and efficiency are achieved with respect to the trickling filter itself because a uniform fluid flow is distributed across the entire top surface thereof.

An apparatus for dissolving at least one gas in a liquid comprises an eductor submerged in a liquid, desirably in combination with a high turbulence mixing device, so that synergistic results are obtained. The inlet portion of the eductor generally has an inward convergence towards a throat. The outlet portion of the eductor has an outward divergence. A diffuser which generally carries the gas mixed with a liquid extends through the eductor inlet portion and through the throat portion into the outlet portion. In a desired embodiment, the diffuser is connected or attached to a high turbulence mixing device such as desirably, a flat plate orifice in a conduit. An injection tube extends through the flat plate orifice downstream into the conduit pipe and injects a gas into the liquid to produce a gas-liquid mixture. The apparatus dissolves an exceedingly high amount of gas into a liquid and requires very low amounts of energy. In one aspect, the eductors may be placed vertically; in another aspect the eductors may be inclined within a tank, lagoon, and the like to impart a directed flow pattern thereto.

Eductor for dissolving gases in liquids

A surge suppression system for dampening surge pressures or pipe hammer by introducing a gas into a flow conduit in such an amount that the introduced gas is in excess of that required to saturate the liquid. Preferably, the gases are those which are relatively inert or not unduly reactive and which possess relatively low saturation levels with respect to the liquid. Desirably, the gas is added through a member to the flow conduit in a vicinity of high turbulence. The surge suppression system can be utilized in generally any liquid system and particularly in a liquid transmission system. Another embodiment pertains to a scrubber or washer for generally purifying gases and may contain one or two stages to efficiently remove impurities as through the use of high solubility fluids, fluids which decompose contaminants or which contain or provide (i.e. heating stage) catalysts to decompose contaminants, oxidizing agents, or reducing agents. The scrubber contains a packed bed and the packing may be characterized as one where the inside hydraulic radius equals the hydraulic radius of the external flow channels. The washer or scrubber type apparatus is particularly suitable for treating (purifying) materials such as ozone utilized in a deodorizing or disinfecting system. Another embodiment pertains to the purification of a gas by treatment with a fluid in a flow conduit having a plug flow at its entrance containing an injection-mixing device coacting with a first high turbulence causing device and a downstream or second high turbulence causing device. The treating fluid is preferably added at the vena contracta of the first high turbulence causing device.

A surge suppression system for dampening surge pressures or pipe hammer by introducing a gas into a flow conduit in such an amount that the introduced gas is in excess of that required to saturate the liquid. Preferably, the gases are those which are relatively inert or not unduly reactive and which possess relatively low saturation levels with respect to the liquid. Desirably, the gas is added through a member to the flow conduit in a vicinity of high turbulence. The surge suppression system can be utilized in generally any liquid system and particularly in a liquid transmission system. Another embodiment pertains to a scrubber or washer for generally purifying gases and may contain one or two stages to efficiently remove impurities as through the use of high solubility fluids, fluids which decompose contaminants or which contain or provide (i.e. heating stage) catalysts to decompose contaminants, oxidizing agents, or reducing agents. The scrubber contains a packed bed and the packing may be characterized as one where the inside hydraulic radius equals the hydraulic radius of the external flow channels. The washer or scrubber type apparatus is particularly suitable for treating (purifying) materials such as ozone utilized in a deodorizing or disinfecting system. Another embodiment pertains to the purification of a gas by treatment with a fluid in a flow conduit having a plug flow at its entrance containing an injection-mixing device coacting with a first high turbulence causing device and a downstream or second high turbulence causing device. The treating fluid is preferably added at the vena contracta of the first high turbulence causing device. The present invention also relates to a two stage oxidative system for the disinfection of material which may contain nitrogen commonly in the form of ammonia or ammonium as in the treatment of waste or sewage plant effluent by adding a primary oxidizing agent to the effluent to disinfect as well as to lower the pH of the effluent and by adding a secondary oxidizing agent to produce a synergistic disinfection system in which the distribution of ammonium and ammonia is shifted to nearly all ammonium. A desirable pH level is 7 or less with desirable primary oxidizing agents including aluminum chloride or ferric chloride with desirable secondary oxidizing agents including chlorine, chlorine dioxide, ozone as in oxygen or air, or sodium hypochlorite. Another aspect of the present invention relates to the nitrification of ammonia in the form of secondary effluent from a waste treatment system wherein the ammonia is converted to nitrates in a tertiary unit operation so that the effluent has low ammonia content. A rotary distributor arm comprising improved distribution nozzles and flow control accomplished by a gradual taper of the arm itself is defined which ensures a uniform flow distribution across the full radius of the distributing medium so that uniformity and optimum economy and efficiency are achieved with respect to the trickling filter itself because a uniform fluid flow is distributed across the entire top surface thereof. The invention further contemplates an injection-mixing system immersed in a contact tank utilizing efficient mixing devices for disinfection and a unique flowthrough arrangement into an influent conduit as well as through the contact tank whereby maximum dispersion of the disinfectant throughout the influent with maximum economy is achieved. The invention further relates to an activated sludge aeration system in which desirably there are no stagnant areas and maximum diffusion is achieved, efficiently. The invention further relates to a continuous treatment of a fluid by chemical reaction with a treating fluid as in an in-line reactor. The invention also relates to the efficient production of ozone by varying the oxygen feed rate, voltage, current or frequency or the ozone in oxygen concentration. The invention also relates to the enrichment of oxygen by adding air to a high-pressure holding tank containing a liquid in which oxygen is soluble, bleeding off nitrogen-rich gas and desorbing gas from the liquid at a lower pressure.

A surge suppression system for dampening surge pressures or pipe hammer by introducing a gas into a flow conduit in such an amount that the introduced gas is in excess of that required to saturate the liquid. Preferably, the gases are those which are relatively inert or not unduly reactive and which possess relatively low saturation levels with respect to the liquid. Desirably, the gas is added through a member to the flow conduit in a vicinity of high turbulence. The surge suppression system can be utilized in generally any liquid system and particularly in a liquid transmission system. Another embodiment pertains to a scrubber or washer for generally purifying gases and may contain one or two stages to efficiently remove impurities as through the use of high solubility fluids, fluids which decompose contaminants or which contain or provide (i.e., heating stage) catalysts to decompose contaminants, oxidizing agents, or reducing agents. The scrubber contains a packed bed and the packing may be characterized as one where the inside hydraulic radius equals the hydraulic radius of the external flow channels. The washer or scrubber type apparatus is particularly suitable for treating (purifying) materials such as ozone utilized in a deodorizing or disinfecting system.

The present invention relates to a two stage oxidative system for the disinfection of material which may contain nitrogen commonly in the form of ammonia or ammonium as in the treatment of waste or sewage plant effluent by adding a primary oxidizing agent to the effluent to disinfect as well as to lower the pH of the effluent and by adding a secondary oxidizing agent to produce a synergistic disinfection system in which the distribution of ammonium and ammonia is shifted to nearly all ammonium. A desirable pH level is 7 or less with desirable primary oxidizing agents including aluminum chloride or ferric chloride with desirable secondary oxidizing agents including chlorine, chlorine dioxide, ozone as in oxygen or air, or sodium hypochlorite. The invention further relates to an activated sludge aeration system in which desirably there are no stagnant areas and maximum diffusion is achieved, efficiently. The invention further relates to a continuous treatment of a fluid by chemical reaction with a treating fluid as in an in-line reactor. The invention also relates to the efficient production of ozone by varying the oxygen feed rate, voltage, current or frequency or the ozone in oxygen concentration. The invention also relates to the enrichment of oxygen by adding air to a high-pressure holding tank containing a liquid in which oxygen is soluble, bleeding off nitrogen-rich gas and desorbing gas from the liquid at a lower pressure.

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Butler, NJ, United States of America

Edward T Armstrong