Georgia Tech Research Corporation

USA As Represented by Secretary of the Navy

Biocircuit Technologies, Inc.

University of Illinois

Axion Biosystems, Inc.

Edgar A Brown

James David Ross

Isaac Perry Clements

Amanda Jervis Preyer

Andrew Willsie

Stephen P DeWeerth

Richard A Blum

Paul Edward Hasler

Joseph D Neff

Brian Meadows

Steve P DeWeerth

Anna Harrison

Maximilian Sonntag

Mark G Allen

William Lawrence Ditto

Visarath In

Swaminathan Rajaraman

Bruce C Wheeler

Daniel Christopher Millard

Robert Dixon Grier, Jr

David W Fogliatti

Robert A York

Michael Antony Clements

Thomas J O'brien

Denise Danielle Sullivan

Ted H Heath

Systems, devices, and methods for interfacing with biological tissue are described herein. An example electrode patch as described herein includes a flexible substrate and an electrode array arranged on the flexible substrate. The electrode array includes a plurality of electrodes, where each of the plurality of electrodes is formed of a hydrogel. Additionally, each of the plurality of electrodes defines a raised geometry. Additionally, an example system includes the electrode patch, which is configured to interface with a subject's skin, and an electronics module operably coupled to the electrode array.

Electrode-based systems and devices for interfacing with biological tissue and related methods

A scalable, real-time, label-free, electrode- or optical-based cell monitoring system for integration into a cell culture incubator is described herein. An example system includes (1) cell culture consumables with integrated electrodes and/or optics for growing and monitoring cells, (2) incubator trays for consumable organization and recording, and (3) a system console, external to the incubator, for connecting multiple incubator trays. Without perturbing the cell culture, the system is capable of monitoring multiple culture attributes for each cell culture consumable simultaneously. These attributes can include, but are not limited to, cell growth, proliferation, morphology, media pH, or media oxygen. The system can support multiple trays, which permits monitoring dozens to hundreds of consumables simultaneously, including a mixture of consumables of various sizes. In addition to monitoring adherent cells, the disclosed technology can be readily adapted for monitoring of cell suspensions.

Devices and systems with integrated electrodes or optical elements for monitoring cell cultures and related methods

Disclosed are apparatus and methods that provide the ability to electrical stimulate a physical system, and actively eliminate interference with signal acquisition (artifacts) that arises from the stimulation. The technique implemented in the circuits and methods for eliminating interference connects a discharge path to a physical interface to the system to remove charge that is built-up during stimulation. By placing the discharge path in a feedback loop that includes a recording preamplifier and AC-coupling circuitry, the physical interface is brought back to its pre-stimulation offset voltage. The disclosed apparatus and methods may be used with piezoelectric transducers, ultrasound devices, optical diodes, and polarizable and non-polarizable electrodes. The disclosed apparatus can be employed in implantable devices, in vitro or in vivo setups with vertebrate and invertebrate neural tissue, muscle fibers, pancreatic islet cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, bacteria, algae, fungi, protists, and plants.

Circuits and methods for artifact elimination

Provided herein are apparatus and methods relating to the development of instrumentation for high throughput network electrophysiology and cellular analysis. More specifically, provided herein are multiwell microelectrode arrays (MEAs) and methods for the development of such an apparatus in an inexpensive fashion with a flexible, ANSI/SBS-compliant (American National Standards Institute/Society for Biomolecular Screening) format. Microelectrode arrays are a grid of tightly spaced microelectrodes useful for stimulating and sensing electrically active cells, networks and tissue. The techniques described herein relate to the use of microfabrication in combination with certain large-area processes that have been employed to achieve multiwell MEAs in ANSI/SBS-compliant culture well formats, which are also transparent for inverted/backside microscopy compatibility. These multiwell MEAs can be used to investigate two and three-dimensional networks of electrically active cells and tissue such as cardiac, neural, and muscular in a high throughput fashion. Also being ANSI/SBS-compliant, they are compatible with machinery and robotics developed for the pharmaceutical industry for drug screening applications.

Apparatus and methods for high throughput network electrophysiology and cellular analysis

This invention exploits the synchronization properties of coupled, nonlinear oscillators arrays to perform power combining, beam steering, and beam shaping. This architecture utilizes interactions between nonlinear active elements to generate beam patterns. A nonlinear array integrates the signal processing concurrently with the transduction of the signal. This architecture differs fundamentally from passive transducer arrays in three ways: 1) the unit cells are nonlinear, 2) the array purposely couples the unit cells together, and 3) the signal processing (beam steering and shaping) is done via dynamic interactions between unit cells. The architecture extends to both 1- and 2-dimensional arrays.

Nonlinear beam forming and beam shaping aperture system

A nonlinear oscillator method and apparatus. According to one embodiment, a nonlinear oscillator is closed. The nonlinear oscillator includes a first linear amplifier, a second linear amplifier and nonlinear amplifier having a substantially similar design that includes an adjustable linear transconductance region width. The input/output characteristics of the nonlinear oscillator can be represented by van der Pol equations. In another embodiment, a method for providing nonlinear oscillations is disclosed.

Method and apparatus for an improved nonlinear oscillator

Growing community of inventors

Decatur, GA, United States of America

Edgar A Brown