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Fraunhofer-gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.v.

E.i. Dupont De Nemours and Company

Th. Goldschmidt Ag

Balchem Corporation

Adalbert-raps-stiftung

M. Goldschmidt Ag

Ruhr-universitat Bochum

Hammer, Ernst Ekkehard

Eckhard Weidner

Siegfried Peter

Manfred Renner

Burghard Gruning

Zhengfeng Zhang

Andreas Sengespeick

Ruth Ganswindt

Martin Drescher

Rudolf Steiner

Peter Klostermann

Eckart Uhlmann

Manfred Recksik

Axel Kraft

Bernd A Czech

Andreas Kilzer

Marcus Petermann

Ulrich M Ender

Damian Hintemann

Michael Buback

Christian Schwede

Michael Prokein

Nils Mölders

Zoran Novak

Johann Dirscherl

Zelijko Knez

Oliver Weishaupt

Helmut Geihsler

Hans-Peter Neuner

Anna Grevé

Reinhard Broucek

Michael Juergens

Sabine Beuermann

Wolfgang K&ouml;nig

Bernd Weinreich

Martin Bilz

Nils Moelders

Mark Krieg

Lena Engelmeier

Stefan Pollak

Ernst Ekkehard Hammer

Sabine Kareth

Michael Alex

The invention relates to a method for producing an aerogel under increased pressure, to the aerogel obtained using said method and to their use.

Method for producing aerogels and aerogels obtained using said method

The invention relates to a method for hydrophobising leather, comprising the steps: By using the method according to the invention it is possible to obtain leather which is hydrophobised at the surface, as well as thick and firm, deeply hydrophobised leather, as is used, for example, for shoe soles.

Method for hydrophobising leather, and leather produced by means of same

The present invention relates to a process for tanning animal hides which comprises the steps of: Such a process is substantially wastewaterless, optionally even completely wastewaterless, and delivers high-quality through-tanned leathers or furs after short treatment times.

Method for tanning animal skins

The present invention relates to a method for producing fatty acid esters from fats and/or oils of biogenic origin by transesterification with monovalent or polyvalent alcohols in the presence of a special hydroxy-functional quaternary ammonium compound as the catalyst.

Method for producing fatty acid esters of monovalent or polyvalent alcohols using special hydroxy-functional quaternary ammonium compounds as catalysts

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of fatty acid esters from fats and oils of biological origin by transesterification with monohydric alcohols in the presence of basic catalysts, the catalysts being salts of a basic organic compound and carbonic acid.

Process for the transesterification of fats and oils of biological origin by means of alcoholysis using special carbonic acid salts

The present invention relates to a process for obtaining fatty acid esters from triglycerides by means of alcoholysis. In particular, the invention relates to a process for the transesterification of fat and/or oil by alcoholysis wherein, in order to accelerate the process in the initial stage, at least one alkanol fatty acid ester is added in a quantity such that the reaction mixture produced thereby consists of one phase. A high reaction rate can thereby be maintained in the process from the beginning.

Process for the transesterification of fat and/or oil by means of alcoholysis

The invention relates to a method of preparation for polymers, particularly binders for powder coatings and powder coatings which are prepared as a solution in a supercritical fluid phase. Binders for powder coatings are prepared from at least two ethylenically unsaturated monomers capable of free-radical or ionic copolymerization, and conventional initiators and regulators in supercritical fluids, whereby polymerization is carried out in the homogeneous phase, and, after the reaction has ended, either the composition or the phase parameters of the mixture are altered so that at least two phases with supercritical fluid are obtained, and the phase containing predominantly polymer is separated and the polymer is separated as a powder from the sc fluid by depressurization or the polymer phase is further processed under supercritical phase conditions to the powder coating.

Process for the preparation of powder coating compositions

A method for removing free fatty acids from fats or oils of biological origin or their steam distillates by extracting the free fatty acids with a mixture of basic organic nitrogen compounds and water as an extraction medium at a temperature below the boiling point of the organic nitrogen compounds. The content of the basic organic nitrogen compounds in the extraction medium is 20-30% by weight. In this manner, the formation of a viscous soapstock which is difficult to remove is prevented. The boiling point of the basic organic nitrogen compounds used is the same as or above boiling point of water and below the boiling point of the fatty acids to be extracted in order to enable simple recovery of the extraction medium.

Process for removing free fatty acids from fats and oils of biological origin or their steam distillates

In a process for producing a pulverulent product from a liquid substance or mixture of substances, the liquid substance or mixture of substances to be pulverized is first provided in a pressure vessel. A gas is then dissolved under elevated pressure in the liquid substance or mixture of substances. The resulting liquid/gas solution is then conducted out of the pressure vessel and to an expansion element, through which it is passed and rapidly expanded. Upstream of the expansion element, in the expansion element or downstream, in particular just downstream, of the expansion element, a solid pulverulent auxiliary is admixed. In this manner, a stable pulverulent product results from the solution or from the substance or mixture of substances.

Method for producing a powder product from a liquid substance or mixture of substances

A process is described for extracting carotenes from carotene-containing materials, in particular from fats and oils of biological origin, which provides for extraction of carotene-containing material with an extractant comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of acetonitrile, N-methylpyrrolidone, N,Ndimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, 4-formylmorpholine, 4-acetylmorpholine, 4-methylmorpholine, 4-phenylmorpholine.

Process for extracting carotenes from carotene-containing materials

Process for the transesterification of fat and/or oil of biological origin by means of alcoholysis

The invention concerns a method for producing fatty acid esters from fatty acid triglyceride and in particular from animal or vegetable fats and oils by transesterification with a monovalent low-molecular weight alcohol in the presence of a homogeneous or heterogeneous catalyst. In accordance with the invention, the formed fatty acid ester is extracted from the reaction mixture by means of a near-critical extractant. In this way fatty acid esters are obtained at high yield and excellent purity. As the extractant preferably a low pressure gas having a reduced temperature at 20&deg; C. of about 0.7, preferably of equal to or greater than 0.7, is employed. Preferred extractants are carbon dioxide, propane, butane, dimethyl ether, ethyl acetate or mixtures thereof.

Method for producing fatty acid esters

In a novel process for the production of particles or powders, a substance or mixture of substances to be treated is provided in a pressure vessel. A highly compressible fluid is dissolved under pressure in the substance or mixture of substances provided until a solution containing 5% to 90% by weight of said highly compressible fluid has formed. The melting point of said highly compressible fluid is at least around 40 K lower than the melting point of the substance or mixture of substances to be treated. The solution obtained by dissolving said highly compressible fluid in the substance or mixture of substances provided is adjusted to a temperature of up to around 50 K above or below the melting point under atmospheric pressure of the substance or mixture of substances to be treated and is then rapidly decompressed by means of a decompression device in such a way that the temperature falls, downstream of the decompression device, below the solidification point of the substance or mixture of substances to be treated and essentially all of the highly compressible fluid turns gaseous, whereby particles of the substance or mixture of substances provided form. Subsequently, the particles which have formed are removed from the stream of decompressed highly compressible fluid.

Process for the production of particles or powders

Process for preparing animal hides or pelts

The invention relates to a method for separating alkyl glycoside mixtures or alcohol-containing alkyl glycoside mixtures by extraction, which is characterized in that the extraction is carried out with an extraction agent, which is close to or below the critical point at a reduced temperature ranging from 0.9 to 1.2, and at pressures, which are selected so that the density of the extraction agent is at least 180 kg/m.sup.3.

Method for separating alkyl glycosides

Growing community of inventors

Bochum, Germany

Eckhard Weidner