American University

Government of the United States of America, as Represented by the Secretary of Commerce

Douglas Fox

Mauro Zammarano

Rick M Davis

Philipp Grützmacher

Jeremiah Wallace Woodcock

Whirang Cho

Jeffrey William Gilman

A flame retardant composition comprising chitosan or a modified chitosan, as well as a method for preparing a flame retardant comprising chitosan or a modified chitosan, is provided. Also provided are methods for making a flame retardant article using the described flame retardant composition. In various embodiments, the flame retardant composition is prepared by dissolution of chitosan or a modified chitosan by an aqueous acid, followed by evaporation of the water. In various embodiments, the flame retardant composition can further include at least one additional component selected from the group consisting of a polyol, flame retardant, nitrogen containing compound, carbonate containing compound, crosslinking agent, and combinations thereof.

Chitosan as an intumescing, thermoformable flame retardant

A physiologically stable fluorophore includes a terminal moiety including a terminal reactive site that reacts with a reactive group of a substrate; a stability linker covalently bonded to the terminal moiety; and a bridge moiety covalently bonded to the stability linker such that the stability linker is interposed through chemical bonds between the bridge moiety and the terminal moiety; and a fluorescent moiety covalently bonded to the bridge moiety of the redox moiety and including: an electron bandgap mediator that is covalently bonded to the bridge moiety; a coordinate center covalently bonded to the electron bandgap mediator and that forms a Zwitterionic member with an atom in the electron bandgap mediator; and a steric hinder bonded to the electron bandgap mediator to provide steric hindrance for protection of the coordinate center.

Physiologically stable fluorophore and performing fluorescence probing

The present application relates to cellulose nanocrystals and other anionic carbohydrates and methods of preparation thereof. Specifically, in certain embodiments, the cellulose nanocrystals are modified using ion exchange technology to yield thermally stable or task-specific, dispersible cellulose nanocrystals.

Thermally stable, dispersible cellulose nanocrystals

A flame retardant coating composition comprising poly(dopamine) and either tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane) or gaseous ammonia, as well as an article comprising a substrate and the flame retardant coating composition, is provided. In various embodiments, the poly(dopamine) is substantially water insoluble. The coating composition can further comprise at least one additional component selected from the group consisting of melamine, an anionic clay, a phosphorus-containing compound, an amine-containing compound, aluminosilicates, silicon oxides, and combinations thereof. Also provided are methods for forming the flame retardant coating composition and methods for increasing flame retardant properties of a substrate.

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Reston, VA, United States of America

Douglas Fox