International Titanium Powder, LLC

Cristal Us, Inc.

Other

University of Chicago

Uchicago Argonne, LLC

Pyxis Corporation

Kroftt-brakston International, Inc.

Donn Reynolds Armstrong

Richard Paul Anderson

Stanley S Borys

Lance E Jacobsen

Jacobsen Lance

Richard P Anderson

Stanley R Borys

Stanely S Borys

A system and method of producing an elemental material or an alloy from a halide of the elemental material or halide mixtures. The vapor halide of an elemental material or halide mixtures are introduced into a liquid phase of a reducing metal of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal or mixtures thereof present in excess of the amount needed to reduce the halide vapor to the elemental material or alloy resulting in an exothermic reaction between the vapor halide and the liquid reducing metal. Particulates of the elemental material or alloy and particulates of the halide salt of the reducing metal are produced along with sufficient heat to vaporize substantially all the excess reducing metal. Thereafter, the vapor of the reducing metal is separated from the particulates of the elemental material or alloy and the particulates of the halide salt of the reducing metal before the particulate reaction products are separated from each other.

System and method of producing metals and alloys

A needle valve is disclosed for controlling the quantity of a halide vapor to be injected into a liquid metal. The needle valve may seat in a supersonic nozzle from which the halide vapor exits. Various products made with the apparatus of the invention are disclosed.

Method and apparatus for controlling the size of powder produced by the Armstrong Process

A method of producing a non-metal element or a metal or an alloy thereof from a halide or mixtures thereof. The halide or mixtures thereof are contacted with a stream of liquid alkali metal or alkaline earth metal or mixtures thereof in sufficient quantity to convert the halide to the non-metal or the metal or alloy and to maintain the temperature of the reactants at a temperature lower than the lesser of the boiling point of the alkali or alkaline earth metal at atmospheric pressure or the sintering temperature of the produced non-metal or metal or alloy. A continuous method is disclosed, particularly applicable to titanium.

Titanium and titanium alloys

Elemental material and alloy

A method of controlling the size and morphology of powder made by the subsurface injection of a halide vapor into a liquid metal is disclosed. A reaction zone is established and the temperature thereof or the time the powder remains therein is controlled to change powder characteristics.

Method and apparatus for controlling the size of powder produced by the Armstrong process

A method and apparatus for making alloys or ceramics by the subsurface injection of an equilibrium vapor of a boiling liquid of the ceramic or alloys constituents is disclosed. Various powders and products are disclosed.

Preparation of alloys by the Armstrong method

A method of continuously producing a non-oxide ceramic formed of a metal constituent and a non-metal constituent. A salt of the metal constituent and a compound of the non-metal constituent and a compound of the non-metal constituent are introduced into a liquid alkali metal or a liquid alkaline earth metal or mixtures to react the constituents substantially submerged in the liquid metal to form ceramic particles. The liquid metal is present in excess of the stoichiometric amount necessary to convert the constituents into ceramic particles to absorb the heat of reaction to maintain the temperature of the ceramic particles below the sintering temperature. Ceramic particles made by the method are part of the invention.

Ceramics and method of producing ceramics

Method of making metals and other elements from the halide vapor of the metal

A method of producing a non-metal element or a metal or an alloy thereof from a halide or mixtures thereof. The halide or mixtures thereof are contacted with a stream of liquid alkali metal or alkaline earth metal or mixtures thereof in sufficient quantity to convert the halide to the non-metal or the metal or alloy and to maintain the temperature of the reactants at a temperature lower than the sintering temperature of the produced non-metal or metal or alloy. A continuous method is disclosed, particularly applicable to titanium.

Method of making metals and other elements from the halide vapor of the

Method of making metals and other elements

This invention relates to a method for a single application of wood bleach that improves the degree of whiteness, uniformity and depth of bleaching in the wood. The method includes the application of sufficient quantities of wood bleach to maintain an excess of liquid on the surface of wood for an extended time such as a minimum of 10 minutes to obtain penetration to a greater depth. Periodic motion of an abrasive powder, or an abrasive pad to continually relocate the excess bleach on the wood surface, either by machine or by hand, provides even distribution and eliminates the raised grain on the bleached wood. Another aspect to the invention is a single step process of bleaching and dyeing in which the dye is mixed in the bleach solution.

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Lisle, IL, United States of America

Donn Reynolds Armstrong