Learonal, Inc.

Other

Donald W Thomson

Luis H Garay

Fred I Nobel

William R Brasch

Michael P Toben

Neil D Brown

R Keene Christopher

George A Federman

Claudia Mosher

Jason D Horowitz

David A Luke

Methods for the production of nickel or ammonium hypophosphite are disclosed, including combining sodium hypophosphite with nickel or ammonium sulfate to produce sodium sulfate and nickel or ammonium hypophosphite, and lowering the temperature of the solution containing the sodium sulfate to crystallize out the sodium sulfate.

Process for producing hypophosphite compounds

A method for preparing nickel hypophosphite by contacting a nickel anode with a solution of hypophosphite anions and applying a current through the anode to a counter-electrode in contact with the solution to anodically dissolve the nickel of the anode into the hypophosphite solution, thereby forming a nickel hypophosphite solution. A one-compartment electrolysis cell and a three-or-more-compartment electrodialysis cell embodying the method of the invention are described.

Nickel hypophosphite manufacture

Methods for preparing hypophosphorous acid are disclosed comprising contacting an insoluble anode with an aqueous solution of hypophosphite anions and applying a current through the insoluble anode to a cathode in electrical contact with the aqueous solution to generate H+ ions in the aqueous solution thereby forming a hypophosphorous acid solution.

Electrolytic production of hypophosphorous acid

The present invention relates to a solution for use in the electroplating of tin and tin alloys comprising a basis solution which includes fluoboric acid or an organic sulfonic acid or one of their salts, divalent tin ions, and an antioxidant compound which includes a transition metal selected from the elements of Group IV B, V B or VI B of the Periodic Table in an amount effective to assist in maintaining the tin ions in the divalent state. Another aspect of the invention relates to a method for preventing, reducing or minimizing the oxidation of tin ions in an acid electroplating solution by adding one of these antioxidant compounds thereto. This method is effective in certain basis solutions even when iron contamination or high oxygen levels are present.

Reducing tin sludge in acid tin plating

A method for plating tin onto the surface of steel strip in an acidic electrolyte bath utilizing insoluble anodes is disclosed. Free acid in the bath is extracted from the bath and concentrated. Tin is dissolved in the concentrated extract and the extract is returned to the bath to replenish the tin in the bath.

Electrolytic tin plating method

A process for depositing tin upon a steel strip by high speed electroplating to produce tinplate, which includes a basis solution of an alkyl sulfonic acid, a solution soluble tin compound and a surfactant, preferably of an alkylene oxide condensation compound of 1) an aliphatic hydrocarbon having seven, preferably six or less, carbon atoms and at least one hydroxy group, or 2) an organic compound having no more than a total of twenty carbon atoms in one or two independent or joined rings optionally substituted with an alkyl moeity of six carbon atoms or less. After electroplating, the tinplate is rinsed and the rinse water only needs to be treated for removal of tin ions prior to discharge by normal procedures.

High speed electroplating of tinplate

Foamed insulation and process for producing the same

An implement clutch and brake control for portable, engine-operated movable implement tools is described. The implement tool is controlled by a brake and clutch assembly operably connected between the implement tool and an implement engine. The assembly is normally biased as a brake to hold the implement tool stationary and is electrically operable as a clutch to drive the implement tool from the engine. The implement engine powers a voltage source to generate a voltage sufficient to operate the clutch. A 'deadman switch' arrangement is operably connected between the voltage source and the clutch and brake assembly. Operator control of the switch maintains an electrical connection between the voltage source and the clutch and brake assembly. Resulting operation of the clutch operably drives the implement tool from the engine. Release of the switch electrically disconnects the voltage source from the clutch, disengaging the implement tool from the engine and engaging the brake to stop the implement tool and hold it stationary. Releasing the switch does not terminate operation of the engine, thereby obviating the need to restart the engine when further operation of the implement tool is desired.

Implement clutch and brake control

Gold base alloys containing copper and cadmium are deposited from aqueous plating baths comprising an aqueous alkaline bath containing soluble gold and copper cyanide compounds, a cadmium compound, free cyanide, and an effective amount of a chelating agent capable of chelating cadmium in the presence of free cyanide. The aqueous plating baths can also advantageously contain water soluble polyoxyalkylene compounds that act as brighteners in the above gold-copper-cadmium plating baths. The water soluble polyoxyalkylene compounds also act as brighteners in the gold-copper-cadmium baths in the absence of a chelating agent.

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Northport, NY, United States of America

Donald W Thomson