US Government As Represented by the Secretary of the Army

Southwest Research Institute

Donald M Maxwell

Stanton F McHardy

Michael Wade Tidwell

Bismarck Campos

Ashima Saxena

Richard Michael Corbett

Christopher J Bemben

Alan J Russell

Bhupendra P Doctor

Richard K Gordon

David E Lenz

Michelle C Ross

Shawn R Feaster

Keith E LeJeune

Zoran Radic

Bhupandra P Doctor

Keith Lejeune

Palmer Taylor

The present invention relates to non-charged oxime compounds which are acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) reactivators of inhibited AChE and which protect against organophosphate poisoning both peripherally and in the central nervous system. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions and methods for preparing the reactivator compounds and associated intermediates.

Oximes for treatment of peripheral and central nervous system exposure to acetyl cholinesterase inhibitors

An enzymatically active reusable sponge or foam, capable of regeneration with oximes, made of a polymer such as polyurethane is prepared for detoxification of hazardous compounds such as organophosphorus and organosulfur compounds. The foam or sponge contains a plurality of enzymes including enzymes selected from acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, triesterase, pseudocholinesterase, organophosphate hydrase, phosphotriesterase, paraoxonase and organophosphorus and organosulfur hydrolyzing enzymes. The sponge or foam may additionally contain activated carbon and an enzyme reactivation compound. A kit can be formed containing the sponge or foam and the compound for enzyme reactivation. The enzymatically active foam or sponge may be prepared using a two chamber device where enzymes and prepolymer are passed from separate chambers into a static mixing stator and are subjected to low shear mixing and extrusion to form by the sponge or foam.

Preparation of enzymatically active sponges or foams for detoxification of hazardous compounds

Methods, compositions and materials useful in the detection of organophosphorous and organosulfur compounds are disclosed. In particular, biosensors wherein a porous or a non-porous support having an enzyme immobilized upon or within are disclosed. The biosensors exhibit enzymatic stability at extreme temperatures and/or denaturing conditions, and similar kinetic characteristics of the soluble form of the enzymes utilized. The enzyme does not leach from the porous or non-porous support and the material retains enzymatic activity after prolonged storage. Differential biosensors are also disclosed.

Immobilized enzymes biosensors for chemical toxins

A method of detoxifying organophosphates using mutant cholinesterase which esists aging. The addition of oximes to the cholinesterase further retards aging of the cholinesterase.

Compositions for use to deactivate organophosphates

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Baltimore, MD, United States of America

Donald M Maxwell