Other

The University of Texas System

California Institute of Technology

Unversität Zürich

Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zurich

Focal, Inc.

Donald L Elbert

Jeffrey Alan Hubbell

Amarpreet S Sawhney

David A Melanson

Luis Z Avila

Arthur J Coury

Shikha P Barman

George E Selecman

Stephen D Goodrich

Ronald S Rudowsky

Mark T Kieras

Dean M Pichon

Bradley C Poff

David J Nedder

Chandrashekar P Pathak

Marc A Levine

John C Spiridigliozzi

Thomas Bromander

Marcus Textor

Nicholas David Spencer

Douglas J Weaver

Curtis B Herbert

Rolf Hofer

Laurence Ruiz-Taylor

Thomas S Bromander

Douglas J K Weaver

Stephanie Finken

Multifunctional, polyionic copolymers with molecular architectures and properties optimized for specific applications are synthesized on/or applied to substrate surfaces for analytical and sensing purposes. The coatings are particularly useful for suppression of non-specific interaction, adsorption or attachment of molecular or ionic components present in an analyte solution. Chemical, biochemical or biological groups that are able to recognize, interact with and bind specifically to target molecules in the material containing the analyte to be detected can be coupled to, integrated into, or absorbed to the multifunctional copolymers. These multifunctional copolymer coatings are compatible with a variety of different established methods to detect, sense and quantify the target molecule in an analyte. The multifunctional copolymer coatings typically include brush copolymers based on a polycationic or polyanionic (jointly referred to herein as 'polyionic') backbone with side chains that control interaction with the environment, such as poly(ethylene glycol) or poly(ethylene oxide)-based side chains that decrease cellular adhesion, and analyte-specific side chains. They can be used to pattern the surfaces into non-adhesive and specifically adhesive areas by applications of known techniques such as microfluidic or contact printing techniques.

Multifunctional polymeric surface coatings in analytic and sensor devices

Compositions for coating biological and non-biological surfaces, which minimize or prevent cell-cell contact and tissue adhesion, and methods of preparation and use thereof, are disclosed. Embodiments include polyethylene glycol/polylysine (PEG/PLL) block or comb-type copolymers with high molecular weight PLL (greater than 1000, more preferably greater than 100,000); PEG/PLL copolymers in which the PLL is a dendrimer which is attached to one end of the PEG; and multilayer compositions including alternating layers of polycationic and polyanionic materials. The multi-layer polymeric material is formed by the ionic interactions of a polycation and a polyanion. The molecular weights of the individual materials are selected such that the PEG portion of the copolymer inhibits cellular interactions, and the PLL portion adheres well to tissues. The compositions and methods are useful, for example, in inhibiting formation of post-surgical adhesions, protecting damaged blood vessels from thrombosis and restenosis, and decreasing the extent of metastasis of attachment-dependent tumor cells. The compositions and methods are also useful for coating non-biological surfaces such as metallic surfaces.

Multifunctional polymeric tissue coatings

An impoved barrier or drug delivery system which is highly adherent to the surface to which it is applied is disclosed, along with methods for making the barrier. In the preferred embodiment, tissue is stained with a photoinitiator, then the polymer solution or gel having added thereto a defined amount of the same or a different photoinitiator is applied to the tissue. On exposure to light, the resulting system polymerizes at the surface, giving excellent adherence, and also forms a gel in the rest of the applied volume. Thus a gel barrier of arbitrary thickness can be applied to a surface while maintaining high adherence at the interface. This process is referred to herein as &ldquo;priming&rdquo;. The polymerizable barrier materials are highly useful for sealing tissue surfaces and junctions against leaks of fluids. In another embodiment, &ldquo;priming&rdquo; can be used to reliably adhere preformed barriers to tissue or other surfaces, or to adhere tissue surfaces to each other. A first surface and a barrier, or another surface, are prestained with initiator, and a thin layer of gelable monomer containing initiator is placed between them. Strong adhesion is obtained between the two surfaces on gelation of the monomer. In a similar fashion, tissue surfaces can be adhered to each other in repair of wounds and formation of anastomoses. Methods for use of non-photochemical systems and combined chemical/photochemical systems are described.

Redox and photoinitiator systems for priming for improved adherence of gels to substrates

Redox and photoinitiator systems for priming and improved adherence of

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Zurich, Switzerland

Donald L Elbert