Tenneco Chemicals, Inc.

Tenneco Oil Company

Petro-Tex Chemical Corporation

Donald A Keyworth

Jerome R Sudduth

Cecil G McFarland

Eugene P Di Bella

Marvin Rosen

David C Purpi

Small quantities of monosulfide organic compounds are removed from low boiling hydrocarbon fractions, e.g., n-hexane and lower by contacting the hydrocarbon stream with a dilute aqueous solution of NaOCl, which converts low boiling (n-hexane and lower range) monosulfides to high boiling sulfones allowing separation by fractionating the n-hexane through the lower boiling pentanes away. The NaOCl process does not appreciably effect disulfides, which boil at temperatures higher than Hexane, except for CS.sub.2. Hence a hydrocarbon stream that also contains carbon disulfide, produces a hydrocarbon fraction sustantially free of monosulfides, but containing CS.sub.2. The hydrocarbon fraction is then contacted with a quaternary ammonium cation exchange resin which removes CS.sub.2 to produce a substantially sulfur free n-hexane through lower boiling pentanes cut, which is useful for isomerization to higher octane feed stock.

Method for removing sulfur compounds from C.sub.6 and lower alkanes

Propylene contained in mixed C.sub.3 /C.sub.4 streams containing at least 5 wt. % isobutene, for example, catalytic cracker offgas, may be recovered as a useful gasoline component by oligomerizing the propylene in liquid phase at 80.degree. to 130.degree. C. at LHSV 2 to 5 in the presence of an acidic cation exchange resin whereby the oligomers produced are primary C.sub.6 to C.sub.8 mono olefins.

Process for the oligomerization of propylene

Propylene contained in mixed C.sub.3 /C.sub.4 streams containing at least 5 wt. % isobutene, for example, catalytic cracker offgas, may be recovered as a useful gasoline component by reacting in the presence of methanol to etherify and oligomerize the propylene in liquid phase at 80.degree. to 130.degree. C. at LHSV 2 to 5 in the presence of an acidic cation exchange resin whereby the product contains oligomers which are primary C.sub.6 to C.sub.8 mono olefins, methyl isopropyl ether, methyl tertiary butyl ether and unreacted material, by maintaining a residual of methanol in the product stream of 0.03 to 0.9 wt. % based on the product stream.

Method for controlled oligomerization/etherification of propylene

MTBE can be dissociated with high selectivity to isobutene and methanol over acid action exchange resin catalysts using very high LHSV, e.g. of 7 to 35 at pressure drops of 0.5 to 50 psig through the fixed bed at reaction pressure of 0.5 to 4 atmospheres and bed temperatures in a fixed bed tubular-reactor in the range of 90.degree. C. to 160.degree. C. Good conversions are obtained and undissociated MTBE and by-products of the dissociation may be recycled to a liquid phase MTBE synthesis.

Production of isobutene from methyl tertiary butyl ether

Conversions of over 80 mole % of n-butenes to oligomers can be obtained with less than 15 mole % C.sub.12 or higher oligomers by passing a predominantly C.sub.4 stream containing at least 40 mole % n-butenes through an acidic cation exchange resin at LHSV 2 to 5 at temperatures in the range of 80.degree. C. to 130.degree. C., in liquid phase by cofeeding from 1 to 5 weight %, based on the C.sub.4 stream, of methyl tertiary butyl ether, secondary butyl methyl ether, toluene or mixtures thereof.

Process for the production of polymer gasoline

Vinyl aromatic polymer compositions contain a flame-retarding amount of 1,1,2,3,4,4-hexabromobutene-2.

Flame-retardant vinyl aromatic polymer compositions

Heat exchangers and other equipment whose surfaces have become fouled with sludge deposits that comprise a cuprous halide are cleaned by contacting the fouled surfaces of the equipment with a cleaning solution that contains 5% to 35% by weight of an alkyl aluminum halide in a hydrocarbon solution and then washing the surfaces with a hydrocarbon solvent to remove loosened sludge and residual cleaning solution.

Method of cleaning fouled heat exchangers and other equipment

Heat exchangers and other equipment whose surfaces have become fouled with sludge deposits during the use of the equipment in the removal of carbon monoxide, lower olefins, or other complexible ligands from gas streams with a liquid sorbent that comprises a cuprous aluminum tetrahalide and an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent are cleaned by contacting the fouled surfaces of the equipment with an aqueous ammonium chloride solution to dissolve and/or loosen substantially all of the deposited sludge, washing the surfaces with water to remove loosened sludge and residual cleaning solution, and drying them.

Process for the cleaning of fouled heat exchangers and other equipment

Metals are recovered from waste materials that contain an organic component and a bimetallic salt complex component that comprises complexes having the formula M.sub.I M.sub.II X.sub.n.Aromatic and/or the formula M.sub.I M.sub.II X.sub.n.M.sub.II OX.Aromatic, wherein M.sub.I is a Group I-B metal, M.sub.II is a Group III-A metal, X is halogen, n is the sum of the valences of M.sub.I and M.sub.II, and Aromatic is a monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon or halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, by hydrolyzing the waste material with dilute hydrochloric acid to form a hydrolysis mixture that separates into an organic phase and an aqueous phase, and, after removing the organic phase, adding to the aqueous phase sufficient aluminum or another reducing metal to precipitate the Group I-B metal. After the precipitated metal has been removed from it, the aqueous solution is treated with sufficient base to precipitate the Group III-A metal hydroxyide, which is recovered from the aqueous solution. This process can be used, for example, to recover copper and aluminum from waste materials that contain CuAlCl.sub.4.toluene and/or CuAlCl.sub.4.AlOCl.toluene.

Recovery of metals from bimetallic salt complexes

Metals are removed from waste materials that contain an organic component and a bimetallic salt complex component that comprises complexes having the formula M.sub.I M.sub.II X.sub.n .multidot.Aromatic and/or the formula M.sub.I M.sub.II X.sub.n .multidot.M.sub.II OX.multidot.Aromatic, wherein M.sub.I is a Group I-B metal, M.sub.II is a Group III-A metal, X is halogen, n is the sum of the valences of M.sub.I and M.sub.II, and Aromatic is a monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon or halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon having 6 to 12 carbon atoms by contacting the waste material with water and sufficient alkali metal hydroxide to form a hydrolysis mixture which has a pH above 5 and which separates into an upper organic phase and a lower aqueous phase. After separation of the phases, there is obtained a slurry of M.sub.I oxide, M.sub.I hydroxide, and/or M.sub.II hydroxide from which the metals can be recovered or which can be discarded in ways that are not damaging to the environment. This process can be used, for example, to remove copper and aluminum from waste materials that contain CuAlCl.sub.4 .multidot.toluene and/or CuAlCl.sub.4 .multidot.AlOCl.multidot.toluene.

Removal of metals from waste materials that contain bimetallic salt

Gas streams that contain from about 10 ppm to 1000 ppm of vinyl chloride are purified by passing them through a zone of silent electric discharge. This treatment destroys at least 80%, and in most cases 90% or more, of the vinyl chloride in the gas stream.

Process for the purification of gas streams

1,1,2,3,4,4-Hexabromobutene 2 is used to impart flame-retardance to polyolefins and other thermoplastic organic polymers that are normally susceptible to burning.

Flame-retardant resinous compositions

Liquid sorbents that are solutions in an aromatic hydrocarbon or halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon of a bimetallic salt complex having the generic formula M.sub.I M.sub.II X.sub.n.Aromatic, wherein M.sub.I is a Group I-B metal, M.sub.II is a Group III-A metal, X is halogen, n is the sum of the valences of M.sub.I and M.sub.II, and Aromatic is a monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon or halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon having 6 to 12 carbon atoms and that contain as impurities polyalkylated aromatic compounds and/or olefin oligomers are purified by contacting them with an organic solvent in which the impurities are soluble and with which the liquid sorbents are immiscible. Suitable organic solvents include paraffinic hydrocarbons having 5 to 14 carbon atoms.

Process for the purification of liquid sorbents comprising bimetallic

Vinyl chloride is removed from gas streams that contain from about 10 ppm to 1000 ppm of vinyl chloride by contacting the vinyl chloride in the gas stream with ozone in the presence of activated carbon. The gas streams treated in this way contain less than about 1 ppm of vinyl chloride and no detectable amount of ozone or ozonides.

Process for the removal of vinyl chloride from gas streams

An emulsion suitable for use as a flame-retardant for textile materials is prepared by dissolving 1,1,2,3,4,4-hexabromobutene-2 in an N-alkylpyrrolidinone in which the alkyl group has from 1 to 5 carbon atoms to form a solution containing from 15 to 50% by weight of 1,1,2,3,4,4-hexabromobutene-2, diluting this solution with an aromatic hydrocarbon, and mixing the resulting solution with a non-ionic emulsifying agent and water to form the emulsion.

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Houston, TX, United States of America

Donald A Keyworth