International Business Machines Corporation

Dominique N Godard

Michel Y Quintin

Emile Morlec

Jacques Belloc

Andrzej T Milewski

Andre E Desblache

Philippe Emmanuel Thirion

Francois Gabriel Caron

Francis Paul Maddens

Echo cancelling device for cancelling echoes affecting the incoming signal received over a two-wire telephone line, comprising near echo canceller 20, far echo canceller 22 and an adder 26 providing the estimated echo signal. A circuit path including a digital-to-analog converter 48 for converting the digital estimated echo signal into analog form and a subtracter 52 for subtracting the resulting analog signal from the analog incoming signal, is separated from a circuit path including an analog-to-digital converter 42 for converting the analog incoming signal into digital form and a subtracter 44 for subtracting the digital estimated echo signal from the resulting digital incoming signal thereby providing a digital signal used as a control signal for adjusting the echo cancellers 20 and 22.

Echo cancelling device for data transmission over two-wire lines

Echo cancelling above for providing an echo-free incoming data signal with a phase-roll tracking device comprising phase rotating means (58) for rotating the phase of the generated echo signal by a value X which is the estimated phase-roll value, thereby providing a complex phase-roll corrected echo signal a multiplier (124) for multiplying the error signal; between the incoming signal and the real component (112) of the phase-roll corrected echo signal by the imaginary component (120) of the same signal, thereby providing a value Y function of the variation of the phase-roll; a phase-roll variation estimator (128) providing an estimation Z of the phase-roll variation in half duplex mode or in full duplex mode, in response to value Y; and a phase filter (126) providing the estimated phase-roll value X in response to the estimation Z.

Echo cancelling device with phase-roll correction

A sinusoidal test signal of a given frequency is applied by the generator 12 to the transmission channel 10. The output signal from the channel is sampled at 16 and fed to a Hilbert transformer 20 through an ADC 18. The sampled outputs from the Hilbert transformer are fed to a device 26 which derives therefrom the phase of the received signal. The phase of the test signal generated at 30-34 is subtracted from that of the output signal from device 26 and the resultant signal is fed to a phase filter 36, which removes therefrom the phase intercept and frequency shift components. The output from filter 36 is fed to a predictive filter 40 which removes the residual noise therefrom. A detector 42 measures the variations of the phase jitter values provided by predictive filter 40.

Method and device for measuring phase jitter on a transmission channel

A listener echo canceller for a receiver made to receive data symbols a.sub.n transmitted at regular time intervals T. The received wave is first conventionally decoded to derive the received symbols therefrom, said symbols are the subjected to a bulk delay which has been determined for shifting the listener echo impulse response to the time reference origin. The delayed symbols are then processed to generate an echo replica which replica is then fedback to the decoder input for being subtracted therefrom.

Method of cancelling listener echo in a digital data receiver, and

The purpose of the receiver is to indicate the reception of a multifrequency signal and to identify said signal. A multifrequency signal is a signal combining two predetermined pure tones, one belonging to a high-frequency range, the other to a low-frequency range. The received signal is sampled at 8 KHz and digitally converted. The signal provided by the converter is simultaneously processed by two tone detectors. Each tone detector comprises: a bandpass filter covering the high- or low-frequency range and supplying the components (x, y) of the filtered signal in Cartesian coordinates; decimation means at the output of said filters; a converter converting the Cartesian coordinates (x, y) into polar coordinates (.rho., .theta.); and logic circuits analyzing the variations of said .rho. and .theta. over fixed periods of time to derive therefrom an identification of the received tone.

Tone detector and multifrequency receiver using said detector

A device for detecting the presence of an alarm tone of a given frequency within a received signal carrying digital data in addition to said tone. The receiver comprises an analog-to-digital converter (42) the output of which is applied to a first recursive bandpass filter centered at the frequency of the alarm tone and the feedback loop of which includes a limiter. In addition, an input feedforward loop is provided for adding (at 58) the output signal from the converter (42), as multiplied by a coefficient .gamma., to the output signal from the limiter. The output signal from the adder (58) is hard limited (at 44), then passed through a second bandpass filter. The energy of the signal obtained at the output of said second filter is then measured to provide indication of a tone's being received when said energy exceeds a predetermined threshold.

Tone receiver for digital data communication systems

A method and apparatus for receiving a data signal modulated by means of a double sideband-quadrature carrier modulation technique in which the received signal is sampled at a rate higher than the signaling rate 1/T, passed through a compensating filter, and applied to a processing system which provides the detected data. The compensating filter is such that the amplitudes of the components at f.sub.1 =f.sub.c -1/2T and f.sub.2 =f.sub.c +1/2T, where f.sub.c is the carrier, are equal. An initializer enables a filter coefficient to be determined during the turn-on time of the receiver. An adjusting device allows this coefficient to be continually adjusted. The invention can be used in data transmission systems whose channel has an asymmetric amplitude-frequency response curve.

Method and apparatus for receiving a data signal modulated by means of a

In a synchronous data receiver that includes a clock and an adaptive equalizer, a method and a device for effecting the initial adjustment of the clock during a turn-on period in the course of which the receiver is supplied with a known clock synchronization signal followed by a known equalizer training sequence. In accordance with the method of invention, the incoming signal is sampled and the samples so obtained are stored in a storage means. The synchronization signal and the beginning of the training sequence are successively detected. When the beginning of the training sequence is detected, the storage locations for the samples of the received synchronization signal are known and a control signal controlling the initial adjustment of the clock is derived from these samples, which are stored in predetermined locations in the storage means. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, said control signal is derived from the samples that precede the G samples immediately followed by the beginning of the training sequence, the value of G being such that those samples which are in the vicinity of the transition region between the synchronization signal and the training sequence will not be used.

Method and device for effecting the initial adjustment of the clock in a

This invention relates to automatic adaptive equalizers used in those data transmission systems which rely upon a double sideband-quadrature carrier (DSB-QC) modulation technique. The term DSB-QC modulation is used here in a broad sense and includes all systems wherein the transmitted signal can be represented by superimposing two amplitude modulated quadrature carriers. Thus, the term DSB-QC includes, in particular, phase-shift keying, amplitude phase-shift keying and quadrature amplitude modulation. More particularly, this invention relates to a method and a device for training an adaptive equalizer by means of an unknown data signal sent to the receiver, and is especially useful in a data transmission system configured as a multipoint network.

Method and device for training an adaptive equalizer by means of an

A method and a device which, in a receiver forming part of a data transmission system using DSB-QC modulation, permit detecting the beginning of a pseudo-random sequence of symbols pertaining to a first set of two symbols when this sequence is preceded by a sequence of successive alternations between two symbols pertaining to a second set, with the first and second sets being such that the beginning of said pseudo-random sequence will initiate a reversal of the phase of the components of the frequency spectrum of said sequence of alternations. In accordance with the method of the present invention, the received signal is demodulated, the DC component of the demodulated signal is determined, and the energy of that DC component is measured. The time at which said energy drops below its average value is indicative of the beginning of the pseudo-random sequence. In accordance with one aspect of the invention, the DC component of the demodulated signal is determined by passing the signal through a lowpass filter.

Method and device for detecting a pseudo-random sequence of two symbols

In a synchronous data transmission system wherein data transmission is achieved by modulating a carrier wave of frequency f.sub.c at the signaling rate 1/T, a method for determining the initial phase value by which the phase of the receiver clock is to be varied during an initial synchronization operation during which a synchronization signal, the spectrum of which includes two distinct lines at frequencies f.sub.1 =f.sub.c -1/2T and f.sub.2 =f.sub.c +1/2T, is transmitted comprising the steps of:

Method and device for acquiring the initial phase of the clock in a

A method and a device for training the equalizer of a receiver used in a QAM transmission system, by means of an unknown data signal, thereby enabling in particular said equalizer to be trained in the cases described above. In accordance with the method of the present invention, in a data receiver wherein, under normal operating conditions, the data is detected with respect to a first constellation, the equalizer is trained by detecting the data with respect to a second constellation which comprises fewer points than said first constellation and by adjusting the coefficients of the equalizer by means of an error signal produced as a result of the detection operation performed with respect to the second constellation. In accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention, the second constellation is comprised of those points of the first constellation that are farthest from its center. In accordance with a second embodiment of the invention, the points of the second constellation are obtained as follows: the first constellation is divided into L sets of points S.sup.l, l=1, 2, . . . , L and a point b.sup.l of the second constellation is associated with each set S.sup.l in accordance with the relation ##EQU1## where the a.sup.k 's are those points of the first constellation that belong to the set S.sup.l.

An adaptive phase detection method and apparatus is described which provides an estimated value .phi..sub.n of the phase .phi..sub.n transmitted at a signalling instant nT in a data transmission system using a M-phase PSK modulation technique. The system compensates for the effects of the intersymbol interference created by not more than one leading lobe of a succeeding signal and an arbitrary number of trailing lobes of preceding signals caused by the impulse response of the transmission channel. The method of the present invention mainly comprises the steps of:

Adaptive phase detection method and apparatus

The invention provides a carrier detector for use in a multipoint communication system. In these systems a common communication link interconnects a master modem to a plurality of remote slave modems and a slave modem has to initialize itself without disturbing transmission of data between the master modem and another slave modem. Initialization is to be performed on such data, and the slave modem must be provided with a detector capable of detecting when data is being transmitted. The invention describes such a detector which is independent of the received signal power. The input signal is sampled at rate 6/T, T being the baud rate, and passed into two narrow band filters F1 and F2, centered at Nyquist frequencies f.sub.1 and f.sub.2, respectively. The sum of the outputs from filters F1 and F2 is sampled at a rate of 1/T for each of six different phases of the sampling rate 1/T. The energy of the six samples so obtained is measured. If only noise is received, the six measured energies must be theoretically equal; in practice, they will be of the same order of magnitude. When data is received, the six energies are very different. The indication 'data is being transmitted' is given if the largest energy E.sub.max is greater than a fixed multiple of the smallest one E.sub.min.

Carrier detector

A clock setting circuit is provided at a receiving modem for adjusting the phase of a timing signal defining the signal sampling instants. The received signal is filtered in two filters to derive a first signal having a phase .phi..sub.1 and a frequency f.sub.1 equal to f.sub.c - 1/2T, f.sub.c being the carrier frequency and 1/T being the transmission baud rate, and a second signal having a phase .phi..sub.2 and a frequency f.sub.2 equal to f.sub.c + 1/2T. The first and second derived signals are combined to derive an error signal indicative of the phase difference .phi..sub.2 - .phi..sub.1 which difference is used for adjusting the phase of a phase locked oscillator which provides the timing signal.

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Le Rouret, France

Dominique N Godard