Masimo Corporation

Marvell International Limited

Divya Srinivasan Breed

Jerome Novak

Massi Joe E Kiani

Ammar Al Ali

Brett Anthony McClellan

Ammar Al-Ali

According to some embodiments of the present invention, a display is used to show an indication of the signal's quality. This indication of the signal's quality may be provided in a number of ways, including audibly or visually.

Pulse and confidence indicator displayed proximate plethysmograph

A method includes generating a pulse, transmitting the pulse on a first cable of a multi-cable communication system, monitoring a second cable of the multi-cable communication system for the pulse or a reflection of the pulse on the second cable, and, if the monitoring detects the pulse or the reflection on the second cable, outputting a notification of a short between the first cable and the second cable.

Cable diagnostics for Base-T systems

An apparatus and method for cable diagnostics is disclosed for deployment as part of an Ethernet communication system to conduct diagnostics. The system transmits one or more pulses which are Ethernet compatible and of finite duration. Reflections are detected and through processing and measurement of the amplitude and round-trip delay of the pulse's reflection, cable faults are located. In one embodiment, this innovation uses an IEEE 802.3 compliant transmit pulse, such as an auto-negotiation signal (AN pulse), to conduct cable diagnostics. The benefits of a standard compliant allow for use with any vendor on the far-end and the signal requires no special hardware or software to produce and, therefore, reduces system complexity and cost. To reduce incorrect measurements, the apparatus measures cable length and termination with multiple AN pulses. It then applies non-linear filters to redundant measurements in such a way that it produces accurate cable diagnostics information.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, a display is used to show an indication of the signal's quality. This indication of the signal's quality may be provided in a number of ways, including one or more audio and/or visual alarms.

Pulse oximetry data confidence indicator

According to some embodiments of the present invention, a display is used to show a signal from a physiological sensor as well as an indication of the signal's quality. While this indication of the signal's quality may be provided in a number of ways, it is preferably provided by changing a color on the display.

A data confidence indicator includes a plurality of physiological data and a plurality of signal quality measures derived from a physiological sensor output, and a plurality of comparator outputs each responsive to one of the measures and a corresponding one of a plurality of thresholds. An alert trigger output combines the comparator outputs. A low signal quality warning is generated in response to the alert trigger output, wherein the thresholds are set so that the warning occurs during a time period when there is low confidence in the data. The alert may be in the form of a message generated on the pulse oximeter display to warn that the accuracy of saturation and pulse rate measurements may be compromised. A confidence-based alarm utilizes signal quality measures to reduce the probability of false alarms when data confidence is low and to reduce the probability of missed events when data confidence is high.

An intelligent, rule-based processor provides a pulse indicator designating the occurrence of each pulse in a pulse oximeter-derived photo-plethysmograph waveform. When there is relatively no distortion corrupting the plethysmograph signal, the processor analyzes the shape of the pulses in the waveform to determine where in the waveform to generate the pulse indication. When distortion is present, looser waveform criteria are used to determine if pulses are present. If pulses are present, the pulse indication is based upon an averaged pulse rate. If no pulses are present, no indication occurs. The pulse indicator provides a trigger and amplitude output. The trigger output is used to initiate an audible tone &ldquo;beep&rdquo; or a visual pulse indication on a display, such as a vertical spike on a horizontal trace or a corresponding indication on a bar display. The amplitude output is used to indicate data integrity and corresponding confidence in the computed values of saturation and pulse rate. The amplitude output can vary a characteristic of the pulse indicator, such as beep volume or frequency or the height of the visual display spike.

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Laguna Niguel, CA, United States of America

Divya Srinivasan Breed