Apple Inc.

Intel Corporation

Intel IP Corporation

Dirk Nickisch

Sharad Deepak Sambhwani

Sanjeevi Balasubramanian

Sriram Subramanian

Shiva Krishna Narra

Madhukar K Shanbhag

Vishwanth Kamala Govindaraju

Laxminarayana Pillutla

Yakun Sun

Rohit U Nabar

Tarik Tabet

Parvathanathan Subrahmanya

Digvijay Arjunrao Jadhav

Gil Katzir

Dawei Zhang

Zhibin Wu

Fangli Xu

Yuqin Chen

Haijing Hu

Sarma V Vangala

Sethuraman Gurumoorthy

Srirang Ashok Lovlekar

Franz Goldhofer

Pranav Tripathi

Dhiraj J Shirke

Hong He

Wei Zeng

Yushu Zhang

Haitong Sun

Chunxuan Ye

Weidong Yang

Yang Tang

Jie Cui

Chunhai Yao

Yuchul Kim

Ralf Itjeshorst

Mark G Forbes

Shrinidhi Ramachandra

Rohit Mann

Moustafa Khodier

Tamer Darweesh

Shadi M Iskander

Ranganadh Ranga Karella

Amr Yousef

An electronic device may include radios that transmit signals using antennas. Control circuitry may assign radio-frequency exposure (RFE) budgets to the radios. The control circuitry may classify and predict attributes of application data for transmission over the radios, may generate a per-radio data prediction based on the classified attributes, and may generate the RFE budgets based on the classified attributes. Each radio may transmit application data based on its data prediction and according to its RFE budget. A dynamic portion of the RFE budget may be reserved for control signaling. RFE planning in this way may ensure that the device optimally utilizes its RFE budget, increasing overall RFE during some time periods so sufficient transmit power is available, and ensuring that RFE is distributed across the radios depending on the amount and criticality of the data to be transmitted by each radio.

Electronic devices with application-based radio-frequency exposure management

User equipment in close proximity may transfer data and control information. For example, the user equipment may exchange data or data sets between each other. Each user equipment can receive and transmit data using radio access technologies. A group of user equipments may include active user equipment and passive user equipment. Active user equipment connects with one or more base stations and transfers data on a wireless communication network via the base station. The active user equipment may communicate with other active user equipment and passive user equipment. Passive user equipment may not connect to any base station and/or the wireless communication network and may communicate with other passive user equipment and active user equipment (e.g., via a sidelink, peer-to-peer, or device-to-device channel).

Unified operation for user equipment groups

An electronic device may include a set of antenna panels (APs) that transmit and receive signals within a set of signal beams. A proximity sensor such as a radar sensor may gather sensor data indicative of the position an external object. The device may select an AP and a beam that maximize wireless performance in communicating with a base station while also complying with the radio-frequency exposure (RFE). The device may select the AP and the beam based on the sensor data, per-panel and per-beam projected RFE values, antenna port RFE characteristics, per-panel and per-beam transmit power limits, per-beam transmit power backoffs, an RFE lookup table, regulatory RFE limits, and antenna performance metrics. The device may transmit an RFE report to the base station that identifies some or all of this information for use in updating scheduling for the device.

Radio-frequency exposure beam management and selection in communications systems

A wireless network may include a base station and user equipment (UE). The UE may transmit uplink (UL) signals to the base station using a dynamically adjustable maximum UL duty cycle. When the UE identifies that a user is in proximity to the UE, the UE may transmit an indicator to the base station. The indicator may identify that a radio-frequency exposure (RFE) event has occurred and/or a suggested maximum UL duty cycle that would allow the UE to satisfy limits on RFE. The base station may limit a UL grant to the UE so that the UE performs subsequent communications using the suggested maximum UL duty cycle or a different maximum UL duty cycle. Coordinating adjustment of UL duty cycle in this way may allow the UE to meet limits on RFE without requiring the UE to perform maximum transmit power level reductions.

Systems and methods for controlling radio-frequency exposure

Formation of user equipment groups

Control signaling reservation for radio-frequency exposure management

Systems and methods for user equipment group management and control

Techniques discussed herein can facilitate enhancements to measurement for a User Equipment (UE) in Radio Resource Control (RRC) Connected mode for configuration of Carrier Aggregation (CA) and/or Dual Connectivity (DC). One example embodiment comprises a UE device comprising a processor configured to perform operations comprising: transmitting a UE Assistance Information message comprising a measurement request; receiving a first RRCReconfiguration message comprising a measConfig information element (IE); performing one or more measurements on each of on one or more frequencies based at least on the RRC measConfig IE, wherein the one or more frequencies comprise at least one non-serving frequency associated with a neighboring cell; transmitting a MeasurementReport message that indicates the one or more measurements for at least one of the one or more frequencies; and receiving a second RRCReconfiguration message that configures the UE with the at least one of the one or more frequencies.

Measurement enhancement in radio resource control (RRC) connected for user equipment (UE)

Some aspects of this disclosure relate to apparatuses and methods for communicating in a first radio access technology (RAT) and a second RAT. A user equipment (UE) can receive, from a first base station using the first RAT, first configuration information for the UE to communicate with a second base station via the second RAT; and receive, from the first base station using the first RAT, a downlink message to enable a communication link between the UE and the second base station via the second RAT. The downlink message includes second configuration information for the UE to communicate with the second base station via the second RAT. The UE can establish the communication link between the UE and the second base station using the second RAT based on a link configuration obtained from the first configuration information and the second configuration information.

Communications using multiple radio access technologies (RAT) for a multi-mode user equipment (UE)

Cooperative communication for user equipment groups

An electronic device may include a first set of radios subject to a specific absorption rate (SAR) limit and a second set of radios subject to a maximum permissible exposure (MPE) limit over an averaging period. Control circuitry may dynamically adjust radio-frequency (RF) exposure metric budgets provided to the radios over the averaging period, based on feedback reports from the radios identifying the amount of SAR and MPE consumed by the radios during different subperiods of the averaging period. The control circuitry may distribute and adjust SAR budgets and MPE budgets across the radios based on the feedback reports, distribution policies, radio statuses, transmit activity factors, and/or usage ratios associated with the radios. This may provide efficient utilization of the total available SAR and MPE budget, thereby leading to increased uplink coverage and throughput relative to scenarios where the SAR and MPE budgets remain static.

Electronic devices with hierarchical management of radio-frequency exposure

An electronic device may include a radio that generates a first maximum power based on a radio-frequency exposure (RFE) budget. The radio may transmit signals subject to the first maximum power during a subperiod of an averaging period and may generate an instantaneous RFE metric value based on an antenna coefficient and the conducted transmit power of the antenna during the subperiod. The radio may generate a consumed RFE value by averaging the instantaneous RFE metric value with previous instantaneous RFE values from the averaging period, may generate a remaining budget based on the consumed RFE value, may generate a second maximum transmit power based on the remaining budget, and may transmit signals during a subsequent subperiod subject to the second maximum power. Time-averaging the RFE metric may serve to optimize performance of the radio relative to scenarios where the radio performs time-averaging of conducted TX power.

Electronic devices with time domain radio-frequency exposure averaging

This disclosure provide various techniques for decreasing the time it takes user equipment to tune away from a compromised network connection. By more quickly detecting a signal characteristic issue (e.g., signal quality issue) in the compromised signal and performing mitigation actions, the user equipment may decrease power consumption and increase data throughput. The signal quality issue may be detected by monitoring the location of the user equipment, a channel impulse response of the user equipment, and/or a block error rate (BLER) of a signal, among other methods. The data obtained may be fed into confidence validation logic, which may determine a level of confidence that the signal quality issue may cause a weak or broken connection between the user equipment and a network. The confidence validation logic may, based on the determination, operate the user equipment in an active state, a suspend state, or a release state.

Systems and methods for early FR2 tune-away

Techniques discussed herein facilitate Base Station (BS) enhancements to measurement by a RRC Connected mode User Equipment (UE) for configuration of Carrier Aggregation (CA) and/or Dual Connectivity (DC). One example embodiment comprises a BS device comprising a processor configured to perform operations comprising: receiving a UE Assistance Information message comprising a measurement request; transmitting a first RRCReconfiguration message comprising a measConfig IE; receiving a MeasurementReport message from a UE that indicates one or more measurements on one or more sets of frequencies, wherein the one or more sets of frequencies comprise a set of serving frequencies for one of a serving cell or the neighboring cell and a set of non-serving frequencies for the UE, wherein the set of non-serving frequencies are associated with the neighboring cell; and transmitting a second RRCReconfiguration message that configures the UE with at least one set of the one or more sets of frequencies.

Measurement enhancement in radio resource control (RRC) connected for base station (BS)

Growing community of inventors

Oberpframmern, Germany

Dirk Nickisch