3m Innovative Properties Company

Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation

Dipankar Ghosh

Jaewon Kim

Craig W Lindsay

Myungchan Kang

John Allen Wheatley

Ronald David Jesme

Guanglei Du

Christian Weinmann

Mohsen Salehi

Stephen J Etzkorn

Nanayakkara L D Somasiri

Jimmie Rae Baran, Jr

Kenton D Budd

Matthew S Stay

Rui Yang

Justin M Johnson

Badri Veeraraghavan

Mark Gravermann

Michael H Stalder

Bernd Schubert

Gerhard Lohmeier

Andrew C Lottes

Friedrich A Busemann

Christopher D Sebesta

Sebastian Eggert

Paul V Huynh

Rainer Reeken

Biplab K Roy

Nitin S Satarkar

Andreea Sabo

Wei Zhang

Scott R Culler

Mark Bradshaw Kraeling

Jie Huang

Jeffrey W McCutcheon

Jitendra Singh Rathore

William Cherrick Schoonmaker

Jens Weichold

James Glen Corry

Guoping Mao

Justine A Mooney

Noah O Shanti

Ge Jiang

Ji-Hwa Lee

Bradley L Givot

Michael Petry

Min Ding

Werner Roehling

Kun Wang

Weigang Lin

John Phan

Seungbae Min

Nanayakkara Ld Somasiri

Anti-reflective assemblies comprise: a high dielectric permittivity substrate comprising a ceramic and a nonporous multilayer anti-reflective film contacting or adhesively bonded to the substrate. The nonporous multilayer anti-reflective film comprises sequential first, second, and third layers of sequentially decreasing dielectric permittivity. Each layer comprises a respective polymer matrix and filler particles.

Anti-reflective assemblies

Gradient permittivity films are described. In particular, gradient permittivity films that include a first continuous matrix of a first component having a first relative permittivity and a second component disposed within the continuous matrix having a second relative permittivity. The first permittivity is greater than the second permittivity for at least one wavelength between 20 GHz and 300 GHz. Such films may be useful in improving the signal to noise ratio for transmitting and receiving units behind a protective cover.

Gradient permittivity film

Electric field grading compositions comprise a particulate cupric oxide dispersed in a matrix material, wherein the electric field grading composition has a threshold voltage, a breakdown voltage, and exhibits a reversible electric field switchable current-voltage relationship that substantially follows the equation:I=kVwherein: I is current in amperes; k is a constant greater than 0; V is applied voltage in volts, wherein V is between the threshold voltage and the breakdown voltage, inclusive; and α is a real number greater than 1. The electric field grading composition is useful for reducing electric field stress at a joint or termination of a conductive substrate. Articles including the electric field grading disposed on a surface of a conductive substrate are also disclosed.

Electric field grading composition, methods of making the same, and composite articles including the same

A multilayer electric field grading article comprises first and second layers forming a discrete interface. The first layer comprises a first electric field grading composition comprising first particles dispersed in a first matrix material. The second layer comprises a second electric field grading composition comprising second particles, compositionally different than the first particles, dispersed in a second matrix material. The first and second layers have respective first and second degrees of nonlinearity between respective first and second onset voltages and corresponding first and second breakdown voltages. The first and second layers taken together have a combined onset voltage that is higher than the first and second onset voltages, and the first and second layers taken together have a greater combined degree of nonlinearity than each of the first and second degrees of nonlinearity taken individually. A method of reducing electric field stress at a joint or termination of a substrate includes applying the multilayer electric field grading article to a surface of a substrate.

Multilayer electric field grading article, methods of making the same, and articles including the same

Gradient permittivity films are described. In particular, gradient permittivity films including a plurality of layers each having a thickness where at least one layer is perforated and has a different air volume fraction from another of the plurality of layers by at least 0.05. Such films may be useful in improving the signal to noise ratio for transmitting and receiving units operating between 20 GHz and 300 GHz behind a protective cover.

Radar standing wave dampening systems and components are described. In particular, systems and components including an absorber composite including at least one of ceramic filler, magnetic filler, or conductive filler materials are described. Such components can reduce the intensity of standing waves and may also be combined in systems with one or more gradient permittivity tapes or films.

Radar standing wave dampening components and systems

A vehicle control system and method includes identifying a segment of a route where one or more first vehicle systems were operated manually instead of operated by one or more processors according to one or more trip plans during prior traversals of the segment by the one or more first vehicle systems. A segment plan is generated for traversing the segment under control of the one or more processors. The segment plan is generated based on how the one or more first vehicle systems were manually operated during the prior traversals of the segment. One or more second vehicle systems are controlled with the one or more processors to traverse the segment according to the segment plan.

Vehicle control and trip planning system

A waveguide for receiving an incident electromagnetic wave (EMW) having an operating frequency &#x393; includes an array of spaced apart unit cells arranged along the waveguide. The unit cells are configured to resonantly couple to the incident EMW and radiate an EMW at the operating frequency propagating inside and along the waveguide. Each unit cell is configured to couple to the incident EMW with a first coupling efficiency and includes a dielectric body configured to couple to the incident EMW with a second coupling efficiency and one or more metal layers disposed on and partially covering the dielectric body. The second coupling efficiency is substantially smaller than the first coupling efficiency. A communication system includes the waveguide and a transceiver configured to emit an EMW having the operating frequency &#x393;.

Waveguide and communication system

Electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding composites and methods of producing the same are described. Carbon nanostructure (CNS) fillers including cross-linked carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and a polymeric encapsulation material are provided, where the carbon nanotubes are encapsulated by the polymeric encapsulation material. The CNS fillers are treated to remove at least a portion of the polymeric encapsulation material. After removing the polymeric encapsulation material, the CNS fillers are mixed with a curable matrix material to obtain EMI shielding composites. In some cases, the removal of the polymeric encapsulation material results in diminished dielectric polarization characteristics for the composites.

High frequency electromagnetic interference (EMI) composites

A waveguide and a communication system including the waveguide are described. The waveguide is configured to propagate an electromagnetic wave having an operating frequency along the waveguide. The waveguide includes a substrate having a first dielectric constant, and an array of spaced apart unit cells at least partially embedded in the substrate and arranged along the waveguide. Each of a plurality of the unit cells in the array of spaced apart unit cells has a first transmission parameter S21 having a lowest resonant frequency &#x393;1 and includes a dielectric body and one or more electrically conductive layers disposed on and partially covering the dielectric body. The dielectric body has a second dielectric constant greater than the first dielectric constant at the operating frequency and has a second transmission parameter S21 having a lowest resonant frequency &#x393;2 greater than &#x393;1.

Electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding articles and methods of producing and using the same are described. The articles include electrically conductive fillers and silsesquioxane-like (SSQ-like) particles distributed inside a polymeric matrix material. In some cases, adding the SSQ-like particles leads to increased porosity of the articles which improves EMI absorbing performance.

Composites for high frequency electromagnetic interference (EMI) applications

Conductive particles, articles including such particles, and methods of making such conductive particles, are provided; wherein the conductive particles include: a core particle including at least one of a glass, a glass-ceramic, or a metal; surface particles adhered to the core particle; and a metal coating disposed on at least a portion of the core and surface particles; wherein the core particle is larger than the surface particles.

Conductive particles, articles, and methods

Compositions (), which may be in the form of flexible films, molded bodies, or printable inks, can incorporate ceramic particles () comprising titanium monoxide (TiO) for purposes of electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding at megahertz through gigahertz frequencies. One or more additional ceramic particles can also be included. The compositions comprise a composite material () which includes the ceramic particles () dispersed within a matrix material (), such as a polymer. Methods associated with such compositions are also described.

Electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding products using titanium monoxide (TiO) based materials

Electrically conductive articles are provided, including a composite including (a) a resin, and (b) electrically conductive shaped particles distributed in the resin, the particles having a monosized distribution. Each particle has a shape including at least a first surface and a second surface intersecting the first surface at an angle a between about 5 degrees and about 150 degrees. The composite has a thickness and often each of the electrically conductive shaped particles distributed in the resin is oriented within the resin such that the particle does not extend beyond the thickness of the composite. A method for making an electrically conductive article is also provided, including (a) providing electrically conductive shaped particles having a monosized distribution, and (b) distributing the particles into a resin to form a composite.

Electrically conductive article containing shaped particles and methods of making same

At least some aspects of the present disclosure feature a waveguide for propagating an electromagnetic wave. The waveguide includes a base material and a plurality of resonators disposed in a pattern, the plurality of resonators having a resonance frequency. Each of the plurality of resonators has a relative permittivity greater than a relative permittivity of the base material. At least two of the plurality of resonators are spaced according to a lattice constant that defines a distance between a center of a first one of the resonators and a center of a neighboring second one of the resonators.

Waveguide with a non-linear portion and including dielectric resonators disposed within the waveguide

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Oakdale, MN, United States of America

Dipankar Ghosh