The University of Western Ontario

Isocurrent Energy Incorporated

Dimitre Gueorguiev Karamanev

Argyrios Margaritis

Hossein Hojjati

Peter Vassilev Dobreff

Victor R Pupkevich

Vassili Porfirievich Glibin

The present disclosure relates to a variable pressure vessel. The vessel includes a liquid chamber and a gas chamber and a moveable barrier therebetween. The vessel has a volume, a first stroke, and a second stroke. The liquid chamber and the gas chamber each have a variable volume that changes responsive to the first stroke and the second stroke. The gas chamber has an outer wall wherein at least a portion of the outer wall is thermally conductive and allows heat to transfer therethrough. Movement of the moveable barrier between the liquid chamber and the gas chamber causes the volume in the liquid chamber and the volume in the gas chamber to displace each other. The volume in the gas chamber plus the volume in the liquid chamber is generally constant and generally equals the volume in the variable pressure vessel.

Variable pressure vessel

The present invention discloses a new type of bio-fuel cell, based on the microbial regeneration of the oxidant, ferric ions. The bio-fuel cell is based on the cathodic reduction of ferric to ferrous ions, coupled with the microbial regeneration of ferric ions by the oxidation of ferrous ions, at a pH less than about 1.0, with fuel (such as hydrogen) oxidation on the anode electrode. The microbial regeneration of ferric ions is achieved by microorganisms such as. Electrical generation is coupled with the consumption of carbon dioxide from atmosphere and its transformation into microbial cells, which can be used as a single-cell protein.

Bio-fuel cell system

The present invention discloses a fuel cell bioreactor, based on the microbial regeneration of the oxidant, ferric ions and on the cathodic reduction of ferric to ferrous ions, coupled with the microbial regeneration of ferric ions by the oxidation of ferrous ions, with fuel (such as hydrogen) oxidation on the anode. The microbial regeneration of ferric ions is achieved by iron-oxidizing microorganisms such as. Electrical generation is coupled with the consumption of carbon dioxide from atmosphere and its transformation into microbial cells, which can be used as a single-cell protein.

Fuel cell bioreactor

The present invention discloses a method of generating electricity which uses a new type of biofuel cell. The method is based on the microbial regeneration of the oxidant, ferric ions. The bio-fuel cell is based on the cathodic reduction of ferric to ferrous ions, coupled with the microbial regeneration of ferric ions by the oxidation of ferrous ions, with fuel (such as hydrogen) oxidation on the anode. The microbial regeneration of ferric ions is achieved by chemolithotrophic microorganisms such as. Electrical generation is coupled with the consumption of carbon dioxide from atmosphere and its transformation into microbial cells, which can be used as a single-cell protein.

Method for generating electricity

The present invention discloses a new type of biofuel cell, based on the microbial regeneration of the oxidant, ferric ions. The bio-fuel cell is based on the cathodic reduction of ferric to ferrous ions, coupled with the microbial regeneration of ferric ions by the oxidation of ferrous ions, with fuel (such as hydrogen) oxidation on the anode. The microbial regeneration of ferric ions is achieved by chemolithotrophic microorganisms such as. Electrical generation is coupled with the consumption of carbon dioxide from atmosphere and its transformation into microbial cells, which can be used as a single-cell protein.

Biofuel cell

A method and apparatus for bioprocessing particles wherein particles are entrapped a porous material and have biologically active microorganisms on their surfaces. A liquid (carrying oxygen and/or nutrients for said microorganisms) is passed through the entrapped particles and microorganisms and microorganisms are active to breakdown said particles. After a suitable period of time the particles are removed from the matrix.

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Dimitre Gueorguiev Karamanev