Stevens Institute of Technology

Other

US Government As Represented by the Secretary of the Army

Dilhan M Kalyon

Halit S Gokturk

Sudhir B Railkar

Leon Manole

Sam M Moy

Xiaoguang Meng

Antonio Valdevit

Suphan Kovenklioglu

David Fair

Jing He

Erdem Sahin

Robert Chang

Mahmoud Wazne

Dimitris Dermatas

Maria Kaouris

Rebecca Chung

John J Morris

Filippos Tourlomousis

Stephanie Lee

Rahmi Yazici

The invention provides a system for the preshearing based control of the flow and deformation behavior, i.e., the setting kinetics, and the time dependent shear viscosity, elasticity of aqueous cementitious suspensions that can be used for bone repair and regeneration. The dynamic cement microstructure is tailored to the demands of the surgical tasks (faster/slower setting) or additive manufacturing tasks (lower/higher viscosity) by application of various preshearing conditions. Since the relationships between the preshearing and pressurization conditions and the setting kinetics and the time dependent changes in elasticity and viscosity are complex, a priori characterization of viscoelastic properties using the advanced rheological characterization technique of small-amplitude oscillatory rheometry is needed to enable such tailoring. The preshearing system is intended to give control on the injectability and setting time of any calcium phosphate cement formulation to the surgeon during an orthopedic surgery where a batch of bone cement is processed. Other possible utilizations of the system include controlling the setting kinetics, shear viscosity and facilitating the resultant flow stability of cementitious ceramic suspensions processed in direct ink writing assemblies for additive manufacturing of cement constructs, in injection systems for oil wells, restoration and fracking.

Preshearing method for the control of the rheology and the injectability of aqueous inorganic cements

Methods for the development and integration of multiple apparatuses and methods for achieving administration of stem cell therapies include precision manufacturing of tissue scaffolds and/or bioreactor substrates. The nano/microscale fiber material extrusion typifying the electrospinning process is married with the fiber alignment and layering characteristic of an additive manufacturing process. The method generates porous fibrous 3-D meshes with precision controlled structures from biopolymer melts and solutions and gels, blends, and suspensions with and without cells. A method of tracking the migration histories and shapes of stem cells on scaffold surfaces relies on immunofluorescent imaging and automated algorithms based on machine learning. The combination of the precision manufacturing method and the method of cell tracking and cell shape statistics, along with understanding of the intimate relationship between the cell shape/phenotype and scaffold architecture leads to an integrated method for cultivating and harvesting cells having desired phenotypes.

Integrated methods for precision manufacturing of tissue engineering scaffolds

Embodiments of the invention include methods for producing polymer gels useful in the fabrication of organic cells. The method includes mixing poly(3-hexylthiophene) with phenyl-C61 butyric acid methyl ester and solvent to form a first solution, where the poly(3-hexylthiophene) includes at least some regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene). The first solution is then cooled to a specified temperature to induce gelation to form an at least partially gelled solution that can be deposited onto a surface to form a coated surface. At least one or more steps of the method can occur as an extrusion process carried out in a twin-screw or single-screw extruder.

Methods for producing polymer gels, and uses thereof

A bone repair scaffold having two moduli that match those of the cancellous and cortical bone in a patient receiving a bone graft/implant. The bone repair scaffold possesses increased mechanical properties to sustain physiological loading and biologically active capability to facilitate bone fusion. The bone repair scaffold may be 3D-printed, which allows for a variety of scaffold designs and configurations. Pore size, interconnected porosity, shape, and modulus of the bone repair scaffold may be modified for different bone graft applications, whether it is used as filler for bone cancer resections or trauma, or as a fusion device in cases of surgery. Depending on the defect location of the bone shaft, the relative porosity of the scaffold may be modified to account for changes in cortical bone thickness. A method for treating a bone defect using the bone repair scaffold is also disclosed.

3D printed trans-modular scaffolds for grafting applications in segmental bone defects

Methods of making cross sectional, functionally-graded munitions propellants exhibiting various distributions of particle concentrations and burn rate, including having a fast burning core and slower burning outer layer(s). Unlike prior art methods of preparing such munitions, propellants prepared according to our inventive method(s) may be performed substantially as a single extrusion step or as a few processing steps, without requiring the time, expense and/or difficulties that characterized familiar, laminating methods and methods which use multiple extruders. Our inventive method advantageously employs a demixing phenomenon that, prior to our inventive application and teaching, has been considered quite undesirable in the preparation of propellants where uniformity and well-mixedness have been propellant attributes widely sought after.

Cross-sectional functionally graded propellants and method of manufacture

A process for stabilizing chromium in a chromite ore processing residue (COPR) comprises the steps of adding an acid to consume the excess alkalinity of the COPR, resulting in a pH of less than 10; and adding a chemical reductant to the COPR to convert any hexavalent chromium present to trivalent chromium. A source of sulfate may be added to the COPR to reduce heave potential and improve its geotechnical stability. Treated COPR may be encapsulated in a material suitable to prevent contact between the COPR and water, such as an asphalt.

Method of treatment, stabilization and heave control for chromite ore processing residues (COPR) and chromium contaminated soils

The apparatus comprises an X-ray source ( ), a monochromator ( ), a goniometer ( ), a position sensitive detector ( ), a mechanism to rock or rotate the sample or the X-ray source and computer means ( ) for interpreting the data obtained at the position sensitive detector. The method of the present invention includes the steps of generating an X-ray; narrowing the wavelength of the X-ray beam; allowing the particles to diffract the beam; detecting the diffracted beam with a position sensitive detector, collecting the diffraction data from individual particles; rocking or rotating the specimen or the X-ray source for successive times to cover the angular range of reflection of the particles; compilation of the diffraction data in the computer memory to construct the intensity profile for the individual particles; and interpreting the data to determine particle size and particle size distribution.

Method and apparatus for x-ray analysis of particle size (XAPS)

An apparatus and method for disposing of highly toxic chemicals including the steps of chemical neutralization of the highly toxic chemical so as to substantially detoxify the chemical and encapsulation of the neutralized highly toxic chemical in a material which shields the neutralized highly toxic chemical from contact with anything outside of the encapsulation substance.

Disposal method and apparatus for highly toxic chemicals by chemical

The method of power transmission and distribution aims to mitigate the magnetic fields generated at a right of way and at distances which extend beyond the right of way. The transmission and distribution lines use various line parameters including the relative locations of the conductors around the axis of symmetry of the right of way, the current magnitudes and the phase angles of the currents flowing in the conductors in optimum asymmetric fashion. The use of magnetic field mitigation bodies placed adjacent to the current bearing conductors increases the scope and the effectiveness of the mitigation. A mitigation technique is also provided for mitigating the magnetic field generated by current bearing sources used in power distribution, with unknown or difficult to characterize current distributions, such as transformers.

Electric power transmission system and method of asymmetric transmission

A method and apparatus for mitigation of magnetic fields from magnetic field sources operating at low frequencies, typically less than 100 KHZ, are provided. The method is based on placing magnetic bodies of proper shape, size and physical properties close to the source of the magnetic field to cancel or reduce the magnetic field at desired sites, located away from the source. The method is applicable to mitigating all sources of magnetic fields including those generated by electric power lines, transformers, various tools, electronic devices and appliances. The apparatus, an application of the method to electric power transmission lines, consists of body of magnetic material disposed adjacent to at least one conductor of a multi-line electric power transmission system. The body is disposed between the conductors and a right-of-way located along the power transmission lines in order to lie within the magnetic field generated by the power transmission line and to thereby reduce the magnitude of the magnetic filed at and beyond the right-of-way. In one example studied in conjunction with an electric power transmission line in the X-configuration, a reduction of 84% was achieved at the edge of the right-of-way with an arc-shaped magnetic body disposed adjacent to one of the lowermost conductors.

Method and apparatus for mitigation of magnetic fields from low

An improved rheometer of the present invention includes an adjustable gap through which a flowing system is forced. The inner cavity dimension of the gap is variable so as to give a user of the rheometer an ability to vary the separation gap and the length over diameter ratio. This, in turn, allows the user to determine the shear rate and shear stress along the wall of the cavity for varying deformation rates. Thus, the shear viscosity of the flowing system can be characterized for non-Newtonian systems without varying the volumetric flow rate. One of the preferred embodiments of the adjustable gap rheometer is a slit rheometer in which the flowing system is forced through a slit having generally more length than width and more width than gap. The slit rheometer is made adjustable by holding the body of the rheometer stationary while moving an adjustable wall which forms one of the sides of the slit. Another preferred embodiment of the adjustable gap rheometer includes two concentric portions comprising a mandrel portion and a bushing portion. Axial movement of one of the portions relative to the other varies the separation between the components.

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Teaneck, NJ, United States of America

Dilhan M Kalyon