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Dieter Voges

Siegfried Winderl

Herbert Mueller

Karl Baer

Franz Merger

Herwig Hoffmann

Wolfgang Schroeder

Wolfgang Reiss

Ludwig Schuster

Peter Hettinger

Wolfgang Lengsfeld

Juergen Boudier

Wolfgang Harder

Peter Zehner

Leopold Hupfer

Axel Nissen

Claus-Ulrich Priester

Irene Troetsch-Schaller

Werner Fliege

Lothar Franz

Roman Fischer

Manfred Eggersdorfer

Walter Rebafka

Juergen Schossig

Hans-Martin Hutmacher

Dieter Franz

Gerhard Koppenhoefer

Klaus Bittins

Rudolf R Schnur

Edmund Niedbalski

Karl Wilhelm Leonhard

Laurance Thurman

A process for breaking down aromatics in industrial wastewaters that contain small amounts of aromatics by reaction with an ozone-containing oxygen stream at a temperature of from 40 to 70&deg; C. and at a pH of from 4 to 7, involves treating industrial wastewaters that contain small amounts of aromatics in two stages with an oxygen stream that contains from 5 to 8% by volume of ozone with thorough mixing by causing the wastewater to flow upward through two reaction zones, the overflow of the wastewater at the top of the first reaction zone entering the second reaction zone at the base, the purified wastewater being obtained at the top of the second reaction zone, the ozone-containing oxygen stream first entering at the base of the second reaction zone, and the waste gas obtained at the top of the second reactor being introduced at the base of the first reaction zone, and, furthermore, a gas containing less than 0.2% by volume of ozone being obtained at the top of the first reaction zone.

Breaking down aromatic compounds in industrial wastewaters

Preparation of .alpha.,.omega.-aminoalcohols of the general formula I

Preparation of .alpha.,.omega.-aminoalcohols

Ruthenium tetroxide is obtained by oxidation of an alkali metal ruthenate in aqueous solution. The oxidizing agent used is ozone. The oxidation is carried out at a pH greater than or equal to 8.

Method of obtaining ruthenium tetroxide by oxidation of an aqueous

3-Dialkylaminopropionitriles ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl which may furthermore be bonded to form a 5-membered or 6-membered ring, bis-(2-cyanoethyl) ether II

Joint preparation of 3-dialkylaminopropionitriles, bis-(2-cyanoethyl)

Cyclic N,N'-dimethylureas are prepared by catalytic hydrogenation of a cyclic urea which carries hydroxyl groups in the .alpha.-position to the two nitrogen atoms.

Preparation of cyclic N,N'-dimethylureas

N-substituted cyclic amines of the general formula I ##STR1## where A is an alkylene group or a --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --[--O--(CH.sub.2).sub.m ].sub.r group which may be monosubstituted or polysubstituted by radicals R without the radicals R in a defined compound having to be identical, R is alkyl, alkoxyalkyl, unsubstituted or alkyl-substituted or alkoxy-substituted cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl or arylalkyl, n and m independently of one another are each from 2 to 8 and r is from 1 to 3, the --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --[O--(CH.sub.2).sub.m ].sub.r group consisting of from 5 to 12 members, are prepared by reacting a primary amine of the general formula II

Preparation of N-substituted cyclic amines

1-Alkyl- or 1-cycloalkylpiperazines are prepared by reacting piperazine with an alkanol or cycloalkanol in the presence of hydrogen and a hydrogenation/dehydrogenation catalyst by a process in which the reaction is carried out at from 130.degree. to 190.degree. C. under from 5 to 100 bar in the presence of from 5 to 40% by weight, based on the reaction mixture, of water, and the molar ratio of piperazine to alkanol or cycloalkanol is kept at from 1:1.5 to 1:8.

Preparation of 1-alkyl- or 1-cycloalkylpiperazines

Joint preparation of ethylene cyanohydrin and its ethers

1,3-Diamino-2,2-dialkylpropanes whose alkyl substituents are each of 1 to 4 carbon atoms are prepared by reacting the corresponding 2,2-dialkylpropane-1,3-diols with ammonia in the presence of hydrogen under superatmospheric pressure by a process in which the reaction is carried out in solution and in the presence of a cobalt-containing catalyst.

Preparation of 1,3-diamino-2,2-dialkylpropanes

A process for the preparation of 3-hydroxytetrahydrofuran by catalytic dehydration of butane-1,2,4-triol, in which a catalyst chosen from the group of the bleaching earths is used and the dehydration is carried out in the presence of not less than 3 moles of water per mole of butane-1,2,4-triol.

Preparation of 3-hydroxytetrahydrofuran

N-Alkylpiperidines or N-alkylpyrrolidines are obtained by hydrogenating a corresponding N-alkyldicarboxylic acid imide over a fixed catalyst by first working to only partial conversion, for example of about 50%, and distilling off the required product together with water from the partially converted mixture, where appropriate with recycling of the unconverted remainder.

Preparation of N-alkylpiperidines and N-alkylpyrrolidines

A process for the preparation of a hydrogenation catalyst which contains the oxides of the metals nickel, copper, molybdenum and aluminum and/or iron, and may or may not contain manganese oxide, by precipitating a solution of salts of the metals with an alkali metal carbonate at from 35.degree. to 95.degree. C. and a pH of from 5 to 9 and heating the precipitate at from 350.degree. to 700.degree. C., the amount of the metal salts being selected so that the catalyst contains from 5 to 70 percent by weight of aluminum oxide and/or iron oxide, the remainder being principally nickel oxide and, based on nickel oxide, from 20 to 40 percent by weight of copper oxide, from 0.5 to 6 percent by weight of molybdenum oxide and from 0 to 10 percent by weight of manganese oxide.

Preparation of catalysts and their use for the hydrogenation of

Preparation of catalysts for the hydrogenation of acetylene-alcohols

An improved catalyst for the complete hydrogenation of acetylenically unsaturated alcohols and based on nickel, copper and manganese. The catalyst is used without a support and molybdenum is additionally included in an amount approximately equal to the content of manganese.

Hydrogenation of acetylene alcohols

A process for the manufacture of a catalyst capable of causing condensation of aldehydes with ketones or ketones with each other while simultaneously hydrogenating the resulting olefinically unsaturated ketones to saturated ketones in the presence of hydrogen without attacking the ketone group, and containing zinc in addition to nickel or cobalt. The catalyst is subjected, prior to use, to a surface after-treatment with a zinc salt.

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Mannheim, Germany

Dieter Voges