Fraunhofer-gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.v.

Other

Siemens Aktiengesellschaft

Fraunhofer-ges

Dieter Seitzer

Ernst Eberlein

Karlheinz Brandenburg

Bernhard Grill

Heinz Gerhauser

Harald Popp

Thomas Sporer

Hans-Peter Hohe

Karl-Heinz Brandenburg

Hartmut Schott

Bernd Dorsch

Jurgen Herre

Juergen Herre

Marten Swart

Gerhard Mader

Heinz Gerhaeuser

Albert Heuberger

Robert Sedlmeyer

Anton Anthofer

Frank Mayer

Christian Schmidmer

Michael Keyhl

Rolf Kapust

Georg Plenge

Thomas Brockdorff

Ludwig Wallrapp

Berhard Grill

Karl Heinz Brandenburg

A method and apparatus for determining the receptivity of radio signals at any given receiving site in an area covered by at least one transmitter by comparing data stored and continuously updated in a receiver against data transmitted, and identifying and selecting from all the transmitted radio signals a preferred radio signal.

Method and apparatus for determining the receptivity of radio signals

A force/torque sensor has a semiconductor region which is adapted to be subjected to a force or torque. Two control electrodes are provided on a first and a second side of the semiconductor region, the sides being arranged in spaced, opposed relationship with one another, and a current through the semiconductor region being producible between the control electrodes. Two sensor electrodes are provided on a third and a fourth side of the semiconductor region, the sides being also arranged in spaced, opposed relationship with one another and extending essentially at right angles to said first and second sides. A force or torque applied to the semiconductor region is determinable by detecting a voltage present between the sensor electrodes when a current flows between the control electrodes. The semiconductor region is formed by the channel of a field effect transistor, the drain an source electrodes of said field effect transistor defining the control electrodes.

Semiconductor force/torque sensor

A sensor arrangement for detecting a variable that is to be measured, has at least two substantially similar sensor elements. These sensor elements each produce an output signal in response to the variable to be measured, the output signals having a Hall voltage disturbance component. The two sensor elements are orientated in relation to each other in such a way that a sensor signal can be produced by a combination of their output signals, the Hall voltage disturbance components being compensated in the sensor signal.

Sensor arrangement

In a method for assessing the quality of an audio test signal derived from an audio reference signal by coding and decoding, the audio test signal is compared with the audio reference signal, as it were, behind the cochlea of the human ear. All masking effects as well as the transmission function of the ear are equally applied to the audio reference signal and the audio test signal. To this end, the audio test signal is broken down according to its spectral composition by means of a first bank of filters consisting of filters overlapping in frequency and defining spectral regions, said filters having differing filtering functions each determined on the basis of the excitation curve of the human ear with respect to the respective filter center frequency. The audio reference signal is also broken down according to its spectral composition into partial audio reference signals by means of a second bank of filters coinciding with the first bank of filters. Subsequently, a level difference by spectral regions is formed between the partial audio test signals and the partial audio reference signals belonging to the same spectral regions. To assess the quality of the audio test signal, a detection probability is determined, by spectral regions, on the basis of the respective level difference so as to detect a coding error of the audio test signal in the spectral region concerned.

Hearing-adapted quality assessment of audio signals

Process and device for the scalable coding of audio signals

The system for triggering a restraining device in a motor vehicle includes an ignition device with a logic circuit connected to an evaluation device a via a line. A d.c. signal for operating the ignition device is input into the line. An alternating signal containing a message is additively superimposed on the d.c. signal and is transmitted from the evaluation device to the ignition device.

System for triggering a restraining device in a motor vehicle

Method for measuring the conservation of stereophonic audio signals and

Method for reducing data in the transmission and/or storage of digital

A digital adaptive transformation coding method for the transmission and/or torage of audio signals, specifically music signals, wherein N scanned values of the audio signal are transformed into M spectral coefficients, and the coefficients are split up into frequency groups, quantized and then coded. The quantized maximum value of each frequency group is used to define the coarse variation of the spectrum. The same number of bits is assigned to all values in a frequency group. The bits are assigned to the individual frequency groups as a function of the quantized maximum value present in the particular frequency group. A multi-signal processor system is disclosed which is specifically designed for implementation of this method.

Digital adaptive transformation coding method

Method for determining the type of coding to be selected for coding at

Process for transmitting and/or storing digital signals of multiple

A process for reducing data in the transmission and/or storage of digital signals of several interdependent channels is described. As the signals from the channels are not independent of one another, an additional data quantity reduction is possible during transmission. In known processes for the coding of signals from two stereo channels, in the case of an unfavorable signal composition interference can be caused by the coding process and cannot be concealed by the signal actually present in the channel and consequently reduce listening enjoyment. In the process according to the invention and with the aid of the spectral values of corresponding blocks of several channels, there is a balancing of the necessary data rate for a separate coding of the two channels and for a joint coding. There is a joint coding of the channels for as long as the data rate for the joint coding does not exceed by a predeterminable value the data rate for the separate coding of the particular channel. In this case the spectral values of the corresponding blocks are similar, so that a joint coding is preferred. In the case of highly dissimilar signals the balancing leads to a separate transmission of the signals. In order to ensure that there is no interference, temporarily no use is made of the joint coding of several channels.

Process for reducing data in the transmission and/or storage of digital

Method of coding a plurality of audio signals

Process for simultaneous transmission of signals from N signal sources

PLL circuit modulatable by a modulation signal having a direct current

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Erlangen, Germany

Dieter Seitzer