Commissariat a L'energie Atomique

Electricite De France - Service National

Sadacem, S.a.

Bollore Technologies S.a.

Commissariat &#xc0; L'&#xc9;nergie Atomique Et Aux &#xc9;nergies Alternatives

Didier Bloch

Jean-Yves Laurent

Didier Marsacq

Gilles Delapierre

Carole Bourbon

Frederic Le Cras

Jean Arroyo

Frédéric Le Cras

Antoine Nowodzinski

François Vacherand

Pierre Strobel

Thierry Priem

Corinne Gauthier

Christian Perut

Fr&eacute;d&eacute;ric Le Cras

Franck Rouppert

A non-volatile electrochemical memory cell formed of a stack of thin films comprising at least one first active layer, suited to releasing and accepting, in a reversible manner, at least one ion species, at least one second active layer, suited to releasing and accepting said ion species, in a reversible manner, the active layers being based on materials having different compositions and electrochemical potential profiles.

Non-volatile electrochemical memory device

A memory device including a stack of layers. At least one first active layer is based on a crystalline ionic and electronic conducting material capable of releasing and/or accepting at least one ionic species. At least one second active layer is based on a crystalline ionic and electronic conducting material capable of releasing and/or accepting the ionic species. The first active layer and the second active layer are based on a material that has a high potential variation for a low variation in the concentration of the ionic species. At least one layer forms an electrolyte between the first active layer and the second active layer, and is based on at least one ionic conducting and electronic insulating material. A measurement instrument is provided for measuring the electrochemical potential difference between the first active layer and the second active layer.

Electrochemical memory device

The basic module has a large functional surface area compared with its relatively small global surface area. It is composed mainly of a multitude of micro-volumes () installed in a closed space between a lower border (), upper border () and side border (). Each micro-volume wall is covered with a layer forming the membrane/electrodes basic element. Circulation of a first reactant to pass inside each micro-volume () is enabled, whereas circulation of a second reactant to pass inside each micro-volume () is enabled. The space between the micro-volumes () may possibly be filled in with a porous material to stiffen the assembly. Applications for small sized fuel cells.

Miniature fuel cell base module comprising micro-volumes which are traversed by one of two reactants

The present invention relates to a process for producing a fuel cell, comprising a step of forming a plurality of holes () in at least two substrates (); each hole is in the seat of an individual fuel cell, the said holes having a particular geometry, such as a shape of a truncated cone or a truncated pyramid shape. The various individual cells are then electrically connected by networks of electrical connections () and are supplied via a reactant distribution network, the assembly formed by a substrate (), the cells and the networks constituting a base module ('). Finally, at least two base modules (&#x2032;) are assembled, the individual cells of each base module being positioned facing the individual cells of the adjacent base module(s).

Method for making a fuel cell with large active surface and reduced volume

The fuel cell () is of the kind comprising an anode () and a cathode () between which an electrolyte () is interposed. Solid bodies () storing a hydrogen mass, able to be decomposed by combustion, are associated to pyrotechnic means () to release the hydrogen and bring it into contact with the anode (). Means () tap the ambient air to bring it into contact with the cathode (). Firing of the pyrotechnic means () is placed under the control of addressing means () embedded in the appliance (). The surplus water produced by the exchange between the hydrogen and the oxygen is resorbed by the temperature increase induced by combustion of the bodies (). The solid bodies () are supported by an interchangeable card ().

Fuel cell for powering electronic appliances, in particular portable objects

This invention relates to a secure electronic device comprising:

Secure electronic device

Process for preparation of a lithiated or overlithiated transition metal oxide, active positive electrode materials containing this oxide, and a battery

The invention relates to the preparation of insertion compounds based on manganese oxide, usable as the positive electrode active material in a lithium battery. These compounds in the hatched area of FIG. 1 can be prepared by reacting in the solid state a manganese oxide powder MnO.sub.2 -.beta., having a specific surface below 7 m.sup.2 /g and an average grain size below 10 .mu.m, with a powder of a lithium compound such as Li.sub.2 CO.sub.3 or LiOH, at a temperature of 150.degree. to 500.degree. C. for an adequate time to convert the .beta.-MnO.sub.2 into manganese and lithium oxide having a lacunary or stoichiometric spinel structure.

Insertion compounds based on manganese oxide usable as the positive

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Biviers, France

Didier Bloch