Syntex (u.s.a.) Inc.

Hemosol Inc.

Ym Biosciences Inc.

Diana H Pliura

Arlindo L Castelhano

Alexander Krantz

Michael C Venuti

Orlando Ricardo Hung

Steven Louis Shafer

Salman Ashraf

Anthony A Magnin

Diane E Wiffen

Lawrence T Wong

Lawrence M DeYoung

Song S Er

Song Swee Er

An opioid formulation for pulmonary administration in the treatment or management of pain, a pulmonary drug delivery device containing, method of administering, kit containing, and uses of same. The formulation contains at least one rapid-onset opioid and preferably also contains a sustained-effect opioid to reduce the frequency of administration. The invention employs the side effects of the opioid formulation to permit patients to self-limit drug intake, thereby avoiding toxicity while achieving analgesia. A pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic model is employed to determine optimum drug formulations and optimum parameters for administration.

Opioid delivery system

A chemically modified, crosslinked hemoglobin product suitable for use as a hemoglobin based oxygen carrier comprises a mixture of hemoglobin species and consists essentially of about 40% tetrameric hemoglobin units of molecular weight about 64,000 daltons, up to 5% dimeric hemoglobin units of molecular weight about 32,000 daltons, and the balance oligomeric hemoglobin units of molecular weight up to about 60,000 daltons, the mixed product containing no polymeric hemoglobin species of molecular weight greater than 600,000 daltons. The product can be made directly by a crosslinking reaction under controlled conditions, without the need for separating therefrom high molecular weight species.

Crosslinked hemoglobin product comprising tetrameric and oligomeric

A preselected hemoglobin species is separated from contaminants having a different acidity from that of the preselected hemoglobin species, by an overload displacement chromatography process. To remove more acidic contaminants, the process is conducted under anion exchange conditions. To remove more basic contaminants, the process is conducted under cation exchange conditions. In either case, the exchange column is overloaded to displace the hemoglobin species therefrom with contaminants having greater affinity for the column, and using the impure hemoglobin solution as the displacer.

Purification of hemoglobin by displacement chromatography

Hemoglobin for forming the basis of blood substitute is modified by crosslinking it by reaction with a polyaldehyde produced by ring opening oxidation of a di/tri-saccharide such as raffinose, wherein the o-saccharide solutions are maintained and the reaction is conducted at a pH from about 5.0-7.0, and at a stoichiometry from about 1:1-4:1 based upon the molar ratio of di/tri-saccharide to hemoglobin tetramers, followed by appropriate reduction of the Schiff base linkages so formed to stabilize them. Careful control of the pH of ring opening of the di/tri-saccharide ensures consistent production of the polyaldehyde without unwanted side products and reaction of this product with the hemoglobin at the specified stoichiometry leads to high yields of stabilized, tetrameric hemoglobin and oligomers thereof of predetermined composition and beneficial properties.

Selective crosslinking of hemoglobin by oxidized, ring-opened saccharides

Hemoglobin is purified from a crude solution thereof, to obtain an aqueous solution containing at least 99% of a preselected hemoglobin species, by a two stage displacement chromatography process. One of the stages is conducted under anionic exchange conditions, and the other under cationic exchange conditions. In both stages, the exchange column is overloaded to displace the hemoglobin species therefrom with contaminants having greater affinity for the column, and using the impure hemoglobin solution as the displacer. Normally, anionic exchange is conducted first, with contaminants more acidic than the hemoglobin displacing the hemoglobin from the column and themselves remaining attached to the column for separation. The cationic exchange process is conducted second, on the eluent from the first column, and in this stage, the more basic contaminants displace the hemoglobin from the column under overload conditions, to yield a substantially pure hemoglobin solution.

Displacement chromatography process

This invention is directed to compounds of the formula: ##STR1## or an optical isomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: n is 0, 1 or 2; p and q are independently 0, 1 or 2 and the sum of (p+q) is less than or equal to 3; X is selected from the group consisting of: halo; --OR.sup.2, --SR.sup.2, --S(O)R.sup.2, --S(O).sub.2 R.sup.2, and --S(O).sub.2 NHR.sup.2, wherein R.sup.2 is lower alkyl, mono-, di- or tri-fluoro alkyl of 2 or 3 carbon atoms, optionally substituted aryl; R is H or an N-protecting group; R.sup.1 is alkylthio, arylthio, amino, alkylamino, optionally substituted arylamino, or optionally substituted aralkylamino; and when the sum of n+p+q is greater than or equal to one, R.sup.1 is also hydroxy, alkoxy, or aralkoxy; and each (aa) is independently an .alpha.-amino acid residue with an optionally protected amino acid side chain.

Transglutaminase inhibitors

The present invention is directed to certain 3,5 substituted, 4,5-dihydroisoxazoles, and methods for their use. These compounds are transglutaminase inhibitors, and are particularly effective in the inhibition of epidermal transglutaminase and the treatment of acne.

The present invention is directed to certain 3,5 substituted, 4,5-dihydroisoxazoles, and methods for their use. These compounds are transgulatminase inhibitors, and are particularly effective in the inhibition of epidermal transglutaminase and the treatment of acne.

3,5-substituted 4,5-dihydroisoxazoles as transglutaminase inhibitors

This invention is for .gamma.-allenyl-.gamma.-aminobutyric acid derivatives which are .gamma.-aminobutyric acid transaminase inhibitors.

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Mississauga, Canada

Diana H Pliura