Lockheed Martin Corporation

Loral Aerospace Corp.

Other

Gte Sylvania Incorporated

Ford Aerospace & Communications Corporation

Ge Medical Systems

Dennis Lee Wilson

James L Wayman

Patrick W O'Connor

Frank Chethik

Andrew Millard Brown

Julius Lange

Elbert L Turner

William A Hill

Paul Tuong Truong

Michael D Massa

Tahmineh Kazemi

John Zugel

James T Stenstrom

Brian Kidder

Kevin Krout

M Campbell Smith

Aspects of the disclosure provide a method for ranging. The method includes receiving by a ranging apparatus a first ranging signal transmitted from a first remote apparatus. The first ranging signal includes a first digital sequence that is a logic combination of a first group of co-prime component codes having co-prime cycle lengths. Further, the method includes detecting first component shifts of the first digital sequence corresponding to the first group of co-prime component codes, and determining a first ranging code shift of the first digital sequence based on the first component shifts.

Method and apparatus for ranging

Systems and methods that measure the delay (latency) through a digital processor or circuit. A waveform generator outputs a primary (chirp) signal to the digital circuit, along with an auxiliary pulse signal to a delay circuit. The auxiliary signal corresponds to a sample of the primary signal that is input to and output from the digital circuit. A clock circuit provides input and output clock signals to the digital circuit and delay circuit. Clocked outputs of the digital circuit and delay circuit are input to an analyzer. The time delay between the auxiliary signals and delayed auxiliary signals are measured by a time measurement circuit. The analyzer processes the outputs of the processor and delay circuit and the time delay (reference time) using an analysis routine to determine the latency of the digital circuit. The analyzer collects data containing primary signals during a data collection time period, and determines the latency of the digital circuit by adding the data collection time to the reference time and subtracting the time between the start of data collection and the delayed auxiliary signal.

Signal processor latency measurement

A system and method for maintaining privacy in transmission of a high bandwidth analog signal. A preferred system and method breaks an input signal into bands and then uses Walsh codes to overlay many signals on top of each other with a set of phase modulators to establish scrambling of the input signal. The scrambled signal is then transmitted. The received scrambled signal has the phase modulation removed and an inverse Walsh transform recovers the original bands. The recovered bands are added together to recover the original signal. The system and method use techniques that establish synchronization and phase coherency complete the process.

Analog privacy scrambler and scrambling method

A system for changing the sample rate of a digital signal precisely such that frequency coherence is maintained. The system uses coupled direct digital synthesizers to establish the phase of a resampled clock compared to the original clock. The system implements precision resampling that changes the sample rate of a sampled data signal, while maintaining the frequency coherence of the sampled signal. A precision phase calculation for the relation between an input clock and an output clock enables the precision resampling.

Precision resampling system

A frequency and phase locked loop having improved performance. The loop measures both frequency and phase of a modulated signal to supply a carrier for demodulation of a quadrature amplitude modulated signal (QAM) signal and for many other applications. The addition of the frequency measurement and the use of finite impulse response filters instead of infinite impulse response filters of a phase locked loop permit the loop to lock to the carrier much more rapidly and with a larger offset.

Frequency and phase locked loop

A high definition digital image projection system that uses modulated lasers to project high resolution images at frame rates that are used in the movie industry. An exemplary system employs digital-to-analog converters that convert digital signals derived from an image memory that correspond to predetermined colors that make up an image into analog signals for the respective color. A plurality of lasers have their light intensity outputs respectively modulated by the outputs of the digital-to-analog converters. A plurality of optical devices such as color sensitive half-silvered mirrors or sets of prisms having color-sensitive coatings on their respective faces, are used to produce a coaxial set of laser beams. First and second rotating mirrors are used to reflect the coaxial set of laser beams and generate an image for viewing. A mirror rotation synchronization circuit synchronizes rotation of the first and second rotating mirrors.

Projection system for high definition digital images

A method and apparatus that provide for automatic speech transcription that may be used transcribe structured reports. The method and apparatus provide for speaker dependent, continuous speech recognition using a limited vocabulary. Transcription is based on recognition of a vocabulary of sounds followed by a translation to text. The translation to text matches spoken sounds to sounds contained in similar recorded text sequences. Training involves speaking a set of words with the desired sounds imbedded therein. The method and apparatus recognize phrases, not words, and works well in a radiology or similar application because of the use of a very limited vocabulary to generate reports.

Continuous speech voice transcription

A system and method that introduces intentional errors into a compression scheme for images. The intentionally introduced errors along with error correction processing enable improved low entropy encoding of the images. The errors transmitted over a communication channel are reduced by adding an error correction code to the transmitted data. In an exemplary system and method, an image is blocked to create a plurality of pixel blocks. The blocked image is transform coded and quantized to quantize transform coefficients. The image is low entropy coded. The image is error correction coded to improve communication through a communication channel that introduces errors. The entropy coded coefficients are truncated to introduce intentional errors into the image that is communicated over a communication channel. Upon reception, blocks of the received image are expanded to produce entropy coded coefficients, which are error correction decoded. The error correction decoded entropy coded coefficients are low entropy decoded to produce quantized transform coefficients. The quantized transform coefficients are inverse quantized to produce the plurality of transform coefficients. The transform coefficients are inverse transformed to produce the plurality of image blocks. Finally, the plurality of image blocks are unblocked to produce the transmitted image.

Image transmission system and method employing compression and error correction

A high resolution, high speed digital camera that produces a high resolution image representative of an image scene viewed by the camera. The digital camera comprises an input lens system and an iris that couple light from the image scene into the camera. A first imager generates a sequence of high resolution, low speed digital frames of the image scene. A second imager generates a sequence of low resolution, high speed digital frames of the image scene. Image processing electronics process the digital outputs of the respective imagers to register the high speed and low speed digital frames to each other, generate a vector field that describes the motion of pixels from one frame to the next in the sequence of low resolution, high speed frames, and interpolate pixels of the next frame in the sequence of high resolution, low speed frames using the vector field to translate them in the same manner as the pixels changes in the low resolution, high speed frames to produce high resolution digital frames representative of the images in a scene containing objects moving at high speed.

High resolution, high speed digital camera

Apparatus and methods for compressing an audio signal. An analog to digital converter is used to digitize the audio signal. A linear predictor processes the digitized audio signal to attenuate coherent noise and produce a residual output signal that is representative of the audio signal. An improved synchronized overlap add processor employs a one bit correlator and a smoothly-shaped window compresses the digitized audio signal. The synchronized-overlap-add processing may be used with voice or audio processing systems to change the time scale of the voice (audio) signal without changing the pitch of the processed signal. The synchronized-overlap-add processing may also be used to reduce noise in the processed signal. The present synchronized-overlap-add processing technique makes the computations required very quick, improving the utility of the processing.

Synchronized overlap add voice processing using windows and one bit correlators

A combining technique for coherently combining signals transmitted from a moving satellite that are received by separate antennas. The combining technique corrects for differential delays that are large enough to cause misalignments in the symbols of the communication signal as well as the phase of the signal. Further the combining technique tracks changes in the differential delay, keeping the phase and the symbols properly aligned for combining.

Combiner with phase and delay correction

An image processing apparatus and method that completely removes blocking artifacts from a compressed and restored digitized image. A compressed image is formed by windowing pixel data with a smooth window (discrete cosine transform) and then folding (wrapping) the windowed pixel data to form a modified image that is the same size as the original image. The wrapped and folded image is thereafter processed using a conventional discrete cosine transform and coder to produce the compressed image. To restore the original image, an inverse discrete cosine transform is used to process the compressed image, then the pixel data is unfolded (unwrapped), windowed, and combined to form the restored image. The present invention may be used to process data, such as voice signals, and images other than radiological images. The transform used in the present invention may also be a Fourier transform, for example.

Image compression and decompression using overlapped cosine transforms

A flag-type signaling device for indicating the position of and enhance the visibility of the wearer, particularly while afloat in water. The device includes a first member defined, in one embodiment, by a flotation vest to be worn about the torso of a user, and a second member attached to or made as an integral part of the first member and cooperating therewith to form therebetween an interior region, a third member defined by a wedge-shaped element disposed within the interior region, and a visibility enhancing member extending downwardly within the interior region bearing against the wedge-shaped element such that the upper portion of the visibility enhancing member extends upwardly and divergingly rearwardly away from the rear of the user's head to reduce or prevent the potential of the visibility enhancing member striking the back or rear of the user's head while the device is worn by the user.

Signaling device

A filtering technique that results in improved performance of interpolating filters. The improved filter and technique replicates samples of the digital input signal instead of inserting zeroes before smoothing to eliminate undesired images of the sampled input signal. The filter includes a digital equivalent of a sample and hold for sampling the digital input signal at the input sample rate and for replicating the sampled digital input signal a predetermined number of times to increase the sample rate by an integer multiple and produce replicated samples of the input signal. A smoothing filter is coupled to the digital sample and hold for smoothing the replicated samples. The smoothing filter has a shape having a high frequency enhancement followed by a sharp cutoff that compensates for the replicated samples of the input signal. Interpolated digital output signals are provided therefrom that are at a sample rate higher than the input sample rate.

Interpolation of digital signals using signal sample replication

An ultrasound imaging system for generating high resolution, three-dimensional images of the body for medical imaging. The system includes a housing with a rotatable disk at one end having an aperture therein and a plurality of pairs of ultrasonic transducers disposed around the periphery thereof. A flexible member encloses the housing and a fluid filled cavity disposed in the housing in which the transducers are immersed. An ultrasonic transmitter is coupled to the aperture for transmitting ultrasonic energy by way of the aperture, fluid filled cavity and flexible member. A receiver is coupled to the ultrasonic transducers and a processor is coupled to the receiver for sequentially processing reflected ultrasonic energy received by the pairs of ultrasonic transducers to produce a high resolution, three-dimensional image of the body. The system forms a synthetic aperture using the moving ultrasonic transducers. The transducers are moved in a circle, and generate a two inch aperture with resolution that is an order of magnitude better than existing ultrasound devices. Since the transducers move in a circle, the aperture is two inches in two dimensions. Range resolution is generated by a wide bandwidth transmit pulse, and a three-dimensional image is generated that has equal resolution in each of the three dimensions.

Growing community of inventors

Palo Alto, CA, United States of America

Dennis Lee Wilson