Gm Global Technolgoy Operations, Inc.

Dell A Crouch, Jr

Tracy Frye Strickland

John Lewis Ayres

Richard M Bendert

A battery pack comprising a plurality of series arranged module has a state-of-charge and capacity associated therewith that are determined through dynamic operation thereof including both charge and discharge cycling. Amp*hour integration techniques are used to update state-of-charge until one of the plurality of modules is deeply discharged, at which time state-of-charge is updated in accordance with measured dynamic battery parameters of the deeply discharged module and capacity is updated in accordance with the newly calculated state-of-charge thereby accounting for capacity loss throughout the pack's cycle life. Alternatively, amp*hour integration techniques are used only at relatively high states of charge and dynamic parameter techniques are employed thereafter.

Dynamic battery state-of-charge and capacity determination

A two part battery recharge method first introduces stepped charge current to the battery to restore a majority of energy to a deeply discharged battery. Thereafter, relatively low frequency periodic charge currents and discharge currents interspersed with relaxation periods are introduced to the battery to effectuate efficient energy restoral and increased cycle life of the battery.

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Noblesville, IN, United States of America

Dell A Crouch, Jr