Pfizer Corporation

Other

Gourmet Gardens Corporation

David S Roberts

Leroy A Swearingin

Don A Dearwester

Joseph C Frantz

Richard J Kemmy

Brian T Suiter

Donald A Dearwester

The invention relates to adjuvants that contain a lecithin, an oil and an amphiphilic surfactant and that are capable of forming a stable oil-in-water emulsion vaccine so as to minimize local reactions to the vaccine in the injected animal.

Adjuvants for use in vaccines

The invention relates to stabilized antigen compositions ofand vaccine formulations containing such antigen compositions. Antigens of the invention are effective in providing long-term protection against erysipelas in animals.

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Novel multicomponent clostridial vaccine formulations using readily dispersible, non-depot adjuvants, such as saponin, are disclosed. The vaccines can be administered to cattle intramusculary or subcutaneously without the severe persistent local reactions, such as granulomas, abscesses, and scarring, normally seen with other multicomponent clostridial vaccines.

Multicomponent clostridial vaccines using saponin adjuvants

Pasteurella multocida toxoid vaccines

Method of preparing gram-negative bacterial vaccines

This invention provides vaccine compositions, methods of producing same and methods for protecting porcine animals against disease associated with infection by toxigenic Pasteurella multocida. The vaccines of this invention contain effective amounts of a free, soluble P. multocida toxoid and/or a P. multocida bacterin with a cell-bound toxoid.

Plants are hydroponically grown in a cellular water table provided with divergent grow lines along which plants are moved in plant holders. The grow lines are arranged to provide spacing between adajcent rows of plants as plants mature. Within each grow line is a variable pitch screw arrangement which provides for increased spacing between adjacent plants in a grow line as the plants mature. Four-way spacing is provided for both the leaves of the plants and their roots as the plants are suspended over the cellular water table. Maintenance of the system is facilitated by a crawl space beneath the water table which allows access to removable bottom panels of the individual cells within the water table. Plants are cultivated and serviced from the top by a man carrier system. CO.sub.2 enriched air and/or pesticides are supplied directly to the undersides of the plants by a conduit system provided within each grow line. Nutrient enriched water is provided to the roots of the plants by a closed loop fluid circulation system.

Method and apparatus for hydroponic gardening

Plants are hydroponically grown in a cellular water table provided with divergent grow lines along which plants are moved in plant holders. The grow lines are arranged to provide spacing between adjacent rows of plants as plants mature. Within each grow line is a variable pitch screw arrangement which provides for increased spacing between adjacent plants in a grow line as the plants mature. Four-way spacing is provided for both the leaves of the plants and their roots as the plants are suspended over the cellular water table. Maintenance of the system is faciliated by a crawl space beneath the water table which allows access to removable bottom panels of the individual cells within the water table. Plants are cultivated and serviced from the top by a man carrier system. CO.sub.2 enriched air and/or pesticides are supplied directly to the undersides of the plants by a conduit system provided within each grow line. Nutrient enriched water is provided to the roots of the plants by a closed loop fluid circulation system.

Growing community of inventors

Philadelphia, PA, United States of America

David S Roberts