Shell Oil Comapny

Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij, B.v.

David Roy Kendall

Mark Lawrence Brewer

Thomas W Naisby

Olaf Graupner

Nigel Peter Tait

Michael John Grundy

Jurgen Jacobus Johannes Louis

Matthias Mundt

Andrew Czeslaw Sutkowski

Andrea Schütze

Boat hull

A functional fluid suitable for use in an internal combustion engine is provided, comprising:

Functional fluids for internal combustion engines

The use of an effective concentration of a hydrocarbyl amine wherein the hydrocarbyl moiety has a number average molecular weight in the range 140 to 255 as an additive in an unleaded gasoline composition is provided containing a major proportion of a gasoline suitable for use in a spark ignition engine, for reducing injector nozzle fouling in a direct injection spark ignition engine. A method of operating a direct injection spark ignition engine is also provided.

Gasoline additives

The invention provides an additive concentrate which comprises an oil soluble hydrocarbyl poly(oxyalkylene) aminocarbamate having a number average molecular weight (M ) in the range 600 to 10,000 having at least one basic nitrogen atom wherein said hydrocarbyl group contains 1-30 carbon atoms, and an oil soluble hydrocarbyl amine of formula R&mdash;NH wherein R represents a group R&prime; or a group R&prime;&mdash;CH &mdash;, wherein R&prime; represents a hydrocarbyl group having a number average molecular weight (M )in the range 750 to 6,000; a gasoline composition containing such additive concentrate; and its preparation; and a method of operating a spark-ignition engine using such gasoline composition.

Additive concentration

This invention provides alkoxy acetic acid derivatives of general formula I: ##STR1## wherein R is the residue of an amine, an aminoalcohol or a polyol linked to the or each --CHR'--CO-- moiety via an amide or ester linkage;

Alkoxy acetic acid derivatives

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Chester, United Kingdom

David Roy Kendall