Other

Government of the United States of America, as Represented by the Secretary of Commerce

Materials Innovation, Inc.

David R Kelley

David S Lashmore

Glenn L Beane

Christian E Johnson

Frederick C Eichmiller

Moshe P Dariel

Menahem B Ratzker

Anthony A Guiseppetti

Anthony A Giuseppetti

A metallic composite solid, containing alloys and/or intermetallics, is formed by compacting at moderate pressure a mixture of powder particles, foils or sheets at a temperature close to room temperature, well below the melting temperature of the constituent components and without the addition of low melting metals such as mercury, indium or gallium acting as a sintering agent. This low temperature consolidation of the powder mixture is enhanced by having the surface oxide of the powder particles removed, prior to consolidation, and/or by coating the particles with an oxide-replacing metal such as silver or gold. The coating process may be replacement reactions, autocatalytic reduction or electrolytic reduction. The composite formation is assisted by the addition of a liquid acid such as fluoroboric acid, sulfuric acid, fluoric acid, adipic acid, ascorbic acid, or nitric acid. A preferred embodiment of the process for metal solid composite formation is a process for forming dental restorative materials at ambient temperatures and under pressure exerted by manual dental instrumentation.

Acid assisted cold welding and intermetallic formation and dental applications thereof

A method for coating particulate substrate materials is provided which comprises (a) combining particles and an electrolyte in an imperforate container; (b) vibrating the container to generate a fluidized bed of particles in the electrolyte; and (c) electrochemically depositing a coating on the particles from reactants in the electrolyte. An apparatus for coating particles is also provided which comprises an imperforate container for receiving particles to be coated and an electrolyte and a device for generating a fluidized bed in the container, the device being operatively associated with the container.

Method for electrochemical fluidized bed coating of powders

Acid assisted cold welding and intermetallic formation

Acid assisted cold welding and intermetallic formation and dental

Electrochemical fluidized bed coating of powders

This invention relates to an electrochemical treatment of metal substrates, including so-called 'difficult to plate metals' such as tungsten and molybdenum, wherein deoxidation and plating are carried out in the same electrolyte bath by exploiting the electrochemical window in potential and pH of a reduction/deposition. This window may be illustrated using Pourbaix diagrams. In the first step of the treatment, a direct current at a reduction potential is applied to the substrate to reduce oxides present on the surface of the substrate without causing metal to be deposited from the electrolyte. In the second step, the reduction potential is changed to a more negative deposition potential, and a direct current at this deposition potential is applied for a time sufficient to deposit metal from the electrolyte.

Process for electrodepositing metal and metal alloys on tungsten,

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Martinsburg, WV, United States of America

David R Kelley