Precursor Energetics, Inc.

Symyx Technologies, Inc.

Meas France

David Padowitz

Kyle L Fujdala

Matthew Cornyn Kuchta

Zhongliang Zhu

Wayne A Chomitz

Paul Ramon Markoff Johnson

Leonid Matsiev

Oleg Kolosov

Eric D Carlson

James W Bennett

Mark Uhrich

Stephen Cypes

Processes for making a solar cell by depositing various layers of components on a substrate and converting the components into a thin film photovoltaic absorber material. Processes of this disclosure can be used to control the stoichiometry of metal atoms in making a solar cell for targeting a particular concentration and providing a gradient of metal atom concentration. A selenium layer can be used in annealing a thin film photovoltaic absorber material.

Deposition processes for photovoltaic devices

Annealing processes for photovoltaics

Processes for making a thin film solar cell on a substrate by providing a substrate coated with an electrical contact layer, depositing an ink onto the contact layer of the substrate, wherein the ink contains an alkali ion source compound suspended or dissolved in a carrier along with photovoltaic absorber precursor compounds, and heating the substrate. The alkali ion source compound can be MM(ER)or M(ER). The processes can be used for CIS or CIGS.

Inks with alkali metals for thin film solar cell processes

Fluid sensor methods and systems adapted for monitoring and/or controlling distillation operations in fluidic systems, such as batch distillation operations or continuous distillation operations, are disclosed. Preferred embodiments are directed to process monitoring and/or process control for unit operations involving endpoint determination of a distillation, for example, as applied to a liquid-component-switching operation (e.g., a solvent switching operation), a liquid-liquid separation operation, a solute concentration operation, a dispersed-phase concentration operation, among others.

System for monitoring and controlling unit operations that include distillation

A sensor and methods for making and using the same in which a mechanical resonator is employed, comprising a resonator portion for resonating in a fluid without the substantial generation of acoustic waves; and an electrical connection between the resonator portion for oscillating and a source of an input signal; wherein the portion for resonating, the electrical connection or both includes a base material and a performance-tuning material that is different from the base material.

Mechanical resonator

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Mountain View, CA, United States of America

David Padowitz