Pennwalt Corporation

Atochem North America, Inc.

David M Gardner

Roger T Clark

Gregory A Wheaton

Paul J McElligott, Jr

Stanley R Sandler

Steven Gabriel Schon

Martin Nosowitz

Richard V Gutowski

A process for the preparation of alkane- and arenesulfonamides in high purity and yield is provided. Ammonia or alkylamine is reacted under boiling conditions with an alkane- or arenesulfonyl halide in the absence of an added solvent. The heat of reaction is dissipated by the heat of vaporization of the ammonia or alkylamine.

Process for the preparation of alkane- and arenesulfonamides

A continuous method is provided for preparing alkanesulfonyl halides, particularly chlorides and alkanesulfonic acids in high yields without the formation of undesirable side-products, and without the net production of hydrogen chloride as a by-product. The method involves the continuous electrolysis of an alkanethiol (RSH) or dialkyl disulfide (RSSR') in an aqueous hydrochloric acid-containing solution, continuously removing the electrolyzed product mixture from the electrolysis zone, and recovering the alkanesulfonyl chloride (RSO.sub.2 Cl) or alkanesulfonic acid (RSO.sub.3 H) product from the mixture. The alkyl groups in the dialkyl disulfide (R and R') may be straight or branched chain, substituted or unsubstituted, have 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and may be different, but are preferably the same. The aqueous hydrochloric acid-containing medium and any unreacted sulphur compounds may be recycled through the electrolysis chamber.

Preparation of alkanesulfonyl halides and alkanesulfonic acids

An ozone-containing gas is used for removing oxidizable odorous impurities and color from alkanesulfonyl chlorides.

Purification of alkanesulfonyl chlorides

The process for preparing aliphatic and aromatic amines by reacting an olefin with either ammonia, a primary amine, or a secondary amine at elevated temperature in the presence of an ammonium halide catalyst, preferably a catalyst-promoter combination, is disclosed herein.

Process for preparing amines from olefins with ammonium halide catalysts

Arsenic impurities are removed from anhydrous hydrogen fluoride by treating the hydrogen fluoride with elemental chlorine and anhydrous hydrogen chloride or a fluoride salt or both and then separating the purified anhydrous hydrogen fluoride, preferably by distillation, from the nonvolatile arsenic compounds.

Removal of arsenic from hydrogen fluoride

Aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, heterocyclic aliphatic and aromatic amines are prepared in a liquid phase reaction under the influence of light energy in the presence of a specified ammonium halide photocatalyst whereby addition of N--H bonds from ammonia or a primary or secondary amine occurs across the double bond of an olefin.

Photochemical process for preparing amines

Aliphatic and aromatic amines are prepared by the addition of N--H bonds from ammonia or a primary or secondary amine across the double bonds of an olefin under the influence of light energy, preferably in the presence of a photocatalyst. Amines are widely used commercially as intermediates in the manufacture of rubber products, pharmaceuticals, insecticides, dyestuffs, textile finishing agents, etc.

Light-catalyzed process for preparing amines

Aliphatic and aromatic amines are produced by reacting an olefin with either ammonia or a primary or secondary amine in the presence of a catalytic amount of ruthenium or iron compound catalyst. The reaction is carried out in the liquid phase using an inert liquid, a product amine, or one of the reactants as a solvent. The temperatures used are 100.degree. to 250.degree. C. and the pressures are at least autogenous and up to 12,000 psig.

Preparation of amines from olefins using certain transition metal

A porous catalyst matrix used for the decomposition of aqueous hypochlorite solutions is disclosed along with the process for its use. The catalyst is prepared by sintering a powdered mixture of a particular metal oxide or hydroxide and a thermoplastic polyolefin or halogenated polyolefin.

Catalyst pellets with resin binder for decomposition of hypochlorite

Color-stable alkylaminoalkanol is prepared by adding, prior to stripping-off excess reactant, an alkali metal borohydride to the reaction product of alkylene oxide and an excess of primary or secondary amine and thereafter distilling the reaction mass to recover residual and reacted (borates) alkali metal borohydride and reduced color-forming bodies as bottoms and alkylaminoalkanol as distillate. If water is present in the reaction between the alkylene oxide and primary or secondary amine, the reaction mass is distilled after recovery of excess amine to recover an azeotrope of the product which is recycled to the reactor.

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King of Prussia, PA, United States of America

David M Gardner