Scionix Limited

David L Davies

Andrew Peter Abbott

Glen Capper

Vasuki Tambyrajah

Raymond K Rasheed

Ionic compounds having a freezing point of no more than 50&#xb0; C., formed by the reaction of at least one amine salt of the formula RRRRNX(I) with at least one hydrated salt, which is a chloride, nitrate, sulphate or acetate of Li, Mg, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Bi, La or Ce; wherein R, Rand Rare each independently a Cto Calkyl or a Cto Ccycloalkyl group, or wherein Rand Rtaken together represent a Cto Calkylene group, thereby forming with the N atom of formula (I) a 5 to 11 membered heterocyclic ring, and wherein Ris hydrogen, or phenyl, or Cto Calkyl or cycloalkyl group, optionally substituted with at least one group selected from OH, Cl, Br, F, I, phenyl, NH, CN, NO, COOR, CHO, CORand OR, wherein Ris a Cto Calkyl or cycloalkyl group, and Xis an anion capable of being complexed by the said hydrated salt. The compounds are useful as solvents, electrolytes, and catalysts, and have particular application in solvents/electrolytes for metal plating and electropolishing processes, in particular in chromium plating.

Ionic liquids and their use

Ionic compounds with a freezing point of up to 100&#xb0; C. are formed by the reaction of an one amine salt of formula (I) RRRRNX, such as choline chloride with an organic compound (II) capable of forming a hydrogen bond with X; such as urea, wherein the molar ration of I to II is from 1:1.5 to 1:2.5. R, R, Rand Rmay be H, optionally substituted Cto Calkyl, optionally substituted Cto Ccycloalkyl, optionally substituted Cto Caryl, optionally substituted Cto Calkaryl, or Rand Rtaken together may represent a Cto Coptionally substituted alkylene group, thereby forming with the N atom of formula I a 5 to 11-membered heterocyclic ring and all of R, R, Rand Rare not identical, Xmay be NO, F, Cl, Br, I, BF, ClO, CN, SOCF, or COOCF. The ionic compounds are useful as solvents, and electrolytes for example in electroplating, electrowinning, and electropolishing, and as catalysts.

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David L Davies