Sandia Corporation

National Technology & Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC

Other

The United States of America As Represented by the United States

Ut-battelle, Inc.

David Ingersoll

Narayan Doddapaneni

Ganesan Nagasubramanian

Blake A Simmons

Frank M Delnick

Stanley H Kravitz

Chad Staiger

Travis Mark Anderson

Harry Pratt

David W Firsich

Kyle Ross Fenton

Joanne V Volponi

Andrew Walker

Todd Richard Christenson

Timothy J Boyle

Jeb H Flemming

Randy J Shul

Chengdu Liang

Paul Gilbert Clem

Thomas E Zipperian

Robert Ward Crocker

Jon Ihlefeld

Cynthia Edney

James C Wang

Eric Allcorn

Carrie Schmidt

Christopher Orendorff

A method for synthesizing a purified lithium (Li)anion binding agent (ABA-F)salt and the corresponding Li(ABA-F)are disclosed. The method includes dissolving a boron-based acid in a polar solvent to form a solution. The solution is refluxed to form an anion binding agent. A stoichiometric amount of a small fluorinated salt, such as LiF, is added to the anion binding agent to form a mixture. The mixture is subsequently crystallized to obtain a substantially pure Li(ABA-F)salt. Example purified Li(ABA-F)salts include Ox-Li(ABA-F), m-Li(ABA-F), and BF—Li(ABA-F). These purified Li(ABA-F)salts provide the benefits of increased battery thermal safety without loss of electrochemical performance.

Anion binding agent lithium salts for battery electrolytes

A redox flow battery is described herein that has a sodium-super-ionic-conductor NaSICON barrier disposed between an anolyte chamber of the battery and the catholyte chamber of the battery. The NaSICON barrier prevents crossover of solvents or active redox species between the anolyte chamber and the catholyte chamber, while permitting transport of sodium ions between the chambers. In exemplary embodiments, the anolyte chamber includes an anolyte solution that comprises a first active redox species dissolved in a first solvent, while the catholyte chamber includes a catholyte solution that comprises a second active redox species dissolved in a second solvent.

Aqueous Na-ion redox flow battery with ceramic NaSICON membrane

The fundamental charge storage mechanisms in a number of currently studied high energy redox couples are based on intercalation, conversion, or displacement reactions. With exception to certain metal-air chemistries, most often the active redox materials are stored physically in the electrochemical cell stack thereby lowering the practical gravimetric and volumetric energy density as a tradeoff to achieve reasonable power density. In a general embodiment, a mediated redox flow battery includes a series of secondary organic molecules that form highly reduced anionic radicals as reaction mediator pairs for the reduction and oxidation of primary high capacity redox species ex situ from the electrochemical cell stack. Arenes are reduced to stable anionic radicals that in turn reduce a primary anode to the charged state. The primary anode is then discharged using a second lower potential (more positive) arene. Compatible separators and solvents are also disclosed herein.

Polyarene mediators for mediated redox flow battery

The present disclosure is directed to synthesizing metal ionic liquids with transition metal coordination cations, where such metal ionic liquids can be used in a flow battery. A cation of a metal ionic liquid includes a transition metal and a ligand coordinated to the transition metal.

Synthesis of electroactive ionic liquids for flow battery applications

The present invention is directed to a higher power, thin film lithium-ion electrolyte on a metallic substrate, enabling mass-produced solid-state lithium batteries. High-temperature thermodynamic equilibrium processing enables co-firing of oxides and base metals, providing a means to integrate the crystalline, lithium-stable, fast lithium-ion conductor lanthanum lithium tantalate (LaLiTaO) directly with a thin metal foil current collector appropriate for a lithium-free solid-state battery.

Solid-state lithium battery

Disclosed is an apparatus and method for continuously converting sucrose to &#x3b2;-D-glucose. The method comprises a three-stage enzymatic reactor in which an aqueous solution of sucrose is first converted into a solution of fructose and &#x3b1;-D-glucose by passing it through a porous, packed column containing an inert media on which invertase is immobilized. This solution is then sent through a second packed column containing glucose isomerase and finally a third packed column containing mutarotase. Solution temperature and pH are adjusted to maximize glucose output.

Method for converting sucrose to &#x3b2;-D-glucose

Disclosed is an apparatus and method for continuously converting sucrose to &#x3b2;-D-glucose. The method comprises a three stage enzymatic reactor in which an aqueous solution of sucrose is first converted into a solution of fructose and &#x3b1;-D-glucose by passing it through a porous, packed column containing an inert media on which invertase is immobilized. This solution is then sent through a second packed column containing glucose isomerase and finally a third packed column containing mutarotase. Solution temperature and pH are adjusted to maximize glucose output.

Enzymatic cascade bioreactor

An inexpensive and rapid method for fabricating arrays of hollow microneedles uses a photoetchable glass. Furthermore, the glass hollow microneedle array can be used to form a negative mold for replicating microneedles in biocompatible polymers or metals. These microneedle arrays can be used to extract fluids from plants or animals. Glucose transport through these hollow microneedles arrays has been found to be orders of magnitude more rapid than natural diffusion.

Method to fabricate hollow microneedle arrays

An apparatus and method for fabricating a microbattery that uses silicon as the structural component, packaging component, and semiconductor to reduce the weight, size, and cost of thin film battery technology is described. When combined with advanced semiconductor packaging techniques, such a silicon-based microbattery enables the fabrication of autonomous, highly functional, integrated microsystems having broad applicability.

Apparatus and method for fabricating a microbattery

A method of preparing metal oxide thin films by a solution method. A .beta.-metal .beta.-diketonate or carboxylate compound, where the metal is selected from groups 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 of the Periodic Table, is solubilized in a strong Lewis base to form a homogeneous solution. This precursor solution forms within minutes and can be deposited on a substrate in a single layer or a multiple layers to form a metal oxide thin film. The substrate with the deposited thin film is heated to change the film from an amorphous phase to a ceramic metal oxide and cooled.

Method of producing solution-derived metal oxide thin films

A method of producing carbon materials for use as electrodes in rechargeable batteries. Electrodes prepared from these carbon materials exhibit intercalation efficiencies of .apprxeq.80% for lithium, low irreversible loss of lithium, long cycle life, are capable of sustaining a high rates of discharge and are cheap and easy to manufacture. The method comprises a novel two-step stabilization process in which polymeric precursor materials are stabilized by first heating in an inert atmosphere and subsequently heating in air. During the stabilization process, the polymeric precursor material can be agitated to reduce particle fusion and promote mass transfer of oxygen and water vapor. The stabilized, polymeric precursor materials can then be converted to a synthetic carbon, suitable for fabricating electrodes for use in rechargeable batteries, by heating to a high temperature in a flowing inert atmosphere.

Method of preparation of carbon materials for use as electrodes in

A method for making near-net-shape, monolithic carbon electrodes for energy storage devices. The method includes the controlled pyrolysis and activation of a pressed shape of methyl cellulose powder with pyrolysis being carried out in two stages; pre-oxidation, preferably in air at a temperature between 200.degree.-250.degree. C., followed by carbonization under an inert atmosphere. An activation step to adjust the surface area of the carbon shape to a value desirable for the application being considered, including heating the carbon shape in an oxidizing atmosphere to a temperature of at least 300.degree. C., follows carbonization.

Method for making carbon super capacitor electrode materials

A method of making chemically and electrochemically stable oxides or other chalcogenides for use as cathodes for power source applications, and of making batteries comprising such materials.

Method of producing stable metal oxides and chalcogenides and power

Electrolyte salts for power sources comprising salts of phenyl polysulfonic acids and phenyl polyphosphonic acids. The preferred salts are alkali and alkaline earth metal salts, most preferably lithium salts.

Electrolyte salts for power sources

Electrolytes for power sources, particularly alkaline and acidic power sources, comprising benzene polysulfonic acids and benzene polyphosphonic acids or salts of such acids.

Growing community of inventors

Albuquerque, NM, United States of America

David Ingersoll